Bari mu fara da fi’ili to dokuma to make.galibi suna rikicewa, don haka bari mu koyi yadda ake amfani da su daidai.

Doyawanci yana nufin aikin , yayin da makegabaɗaya yana nufin sakamako.

Kuna iya misali do homework, do the shopping, ko do yoga, amma ku make lunch, make plans, ko make friends.

to make friends
yin abota
I want to make friends at my new school.
a promise
alkawari
Keep the promise!
to make a promise
yin alkawari
He made a promise to his parents.
once a week
sau ɗaya a mako
She does yoga once a week.
I do my hair.
Ina gyara gashina.
I have a shower, I do my hair, and I get dressed.
a suggestion
shawara
I have a suggestion for our project.
to make a suggestion
bayar da shawarar
May I make a suggestion?
He made a joke.
Ya yi barkwanci.
He made a joke about his sister’s new hairstyle.
I make my bed.
Ina gyara gadona.
I make my bed every morning.
You did well.
Ka yi kokari.
You did well in your exams.
to make plans
yin shiri
Let’s make plans for tomorrow.
Mu tsara abin da za mu yi gobe.

Kun riga kun koyi yanayin nan gaba ZUWA. Yanzu bari mu kalli Futur Simple tense , sau da yawa ana kiranta so . Ana amfani da Will don abubuwan da muka yanke shawarar yin yanzu. (Rapid Decision) Ana amfani da zuwa don yin nuni ga abubuwan da aka tsara a baya. Tsarin Makomar Sauƙaƙan lokaci shine batun + WILL + babban fi'ili misali: "You will open the door." A cikin kalmomi mara kyau, mun yi yarjejeniya tare da ba za: ba = ba zai yi ba misali: "She won't do it." Don jumlolin tambaya, muna musayar batun da YI. misali: "Will you open the door?" Ka tuna, modal auxiliary nufin ba ya canzawa, wanda ke nufin ba ya canza siffar ta mutum.
I will do it.
Zan yi shi.
We will see.
Za mu gani.
Are you going to the party tonight? - We will see.
She won't be there.
Ba za ta kasance a wurin ba.
She won't be there for the meeting tomorrow.
to arrive
isa
Will they arrive by noon?
He will arrive late.
Zai makara
He will arrive late to the meeting.
on time
akan lokaci
I'm always on time.
Will you arrive on time?
Za ka iso akan lokaci?
an umbrella
laima
I will bring an umbrella.
I will take an umbrella.
Zan ɗauki laima.
It will rain today.
Yau za a yi ruwa.
Will you open the window?
Ko za ka bude tagar?

Yi amfani da shi don nufin zama saba da ko zama saba da . Tsarin jumla shine: batun + babban fi’ili BE + da ake amfani da shi don + abu "I am used to hard work." "Are you used to fast food?" Lura cewa idan abu ya ƙunshi fi'ili, muna amfani da nau'in -ing . "I'm used to speaking in public." "He's used to getting up early." "Are you used to eating spicy food?"
I'm used to it.
Na saba da hakan.
They're used to watching TV in the evening.
fast
da sauri
This car is fast.
I'm used to eating fast.
Na saba da cin abinci da sauri.
I'm used to waking up early.
the noise
hayaniya
What is that noise?
I am used to lots of noise.
Na saba da yawan hayaniya.
to get up early
tashi da wuri
I usually get up early.
He's used to getting up early.
Ya saba da tashi da wuri.
I'm used to working late.
Na saba da yin aiki har dare.
to watch TV
kallo talabijin
Do you want to watch TV?
in the evening
da yamma
They are used to working in the evening.
They're used to watching TV in the evening.
Sun saba da kallon talabijin da yamma.
a brand
alama
Brand is the image of the product in the market.
She's used to buying this brand.
Ta saba da siyan wannan kamfanin.
Are you used to cold?
Shin ka saba da sanyi?

Akwai bambanci tsakanin amfani da su da kuma amfani da su . Mukan yi amfani da + rashin iyaka don yin magana game da maimaita mataki ko yanayi a baya wanda ba gaskiya bane. "I used to come here as a child." "Did you use to come here as a child?" "She used to eat meat, but now she's a vegetarian."
We used to be friends.
Mun kasance abokai.
I saw my old friend at the store today. We used to be friends, but we haven't talked in years.
I used to get up early.
Na saba tashi da wuri.
When I was a child, I used to get up early to play outside.
to work as
yi aiki a matsayin
He works as a waiter.
I used to work as a teacher.
Na taba yin aikin malami.
They used to watch TV in the evening.
Sun saba kallon talabijin da yamma.
to smoke
shan taba
Do you smoke?
I used to smoke.
Na taba shan taba.
She used to buy this brand.
Ta saba sayen wannan tambarin.
long hair
doguwar gashi
I have long hair and he has short hair.
He used to have long hair.
Ya kasance yana da dogon gashi.

Muna amfani da maganganun mitar don faɗi sau nawa muke yin abubuwa, ko sau nawa abubuwa ke faruwa. "always" "usually" "often" "sometimes" "occasionally" "hardly ever" "never" Suna yawanci a gaban babban fi'ili , ko tsakanin karin magana da babban fi'ili . Amma sun zo bayan fi'ili ya zama . Za mu iya amfani da wasu kalmomi na mitar a farkon ko ƙarshen jumla don jaddadawa. "He is always smiling." "Sometimes I stay up late." "I cook Indian occasionally."
always
kullum
The sun always rises in the east.
I always do my homework.
Kullum nakan yi aikim gida na.
Do you always come here?
Kuna zuwa nan kullum?
usually
yawanci
He usually arrives home about one o'clock.
He's usually on time.
Yawanci yana zuwa akan lokaci.
They usually watch TV in the evening.
Suna yawan kallon talabijin da yamma.
often
sau da yawa
He often goes for long walks by himself.
You often ask me for help.
Kana yawan neman taimakona.
sometimes
wato wani lokaci
Sometimes I want to do things on my own.
Sometimes we go to school by bus.
Wani lokaci muna zuwa makaranta da bas.
Do you sometimes smoke?
Shin kana shan taba wani lokaci?
never
taba
He is never ill.
I never smoke.
Ni ba na shan taba kwata-kwata.
I never get up early.
Ban taba tashi da wuri ba.
You always smile.
Kullum kana murmushi.
hardly ever
da wuya
I hardly ever eat breakfast in the morning.
They hardly ever play outside during winter.
Da kyar suke yin wasa a waje a lokacin hunturu.

A cikin , kunne , da kuma a duk akwai misalan prepositions waɗanda ke ba da dalilai da yawa. Suna iya nuna dangantaka zuwa lokaci da wuri, dangane da yadda kuke amfani da su. Da farko bari mu dubi waɗannan prepositions guda uku a matsayin prepositions na lokaci . "In"yawanci ana amfani da shi don wakiltar adadin lokaci mara ƙayyadaddun lokaci ko mafi yawan lokaci na gaba ɗaya wanda ba takamaiman ba. misali: "I like to swim in the summer." "On"yana nufin takamaiman kwanan wata. misali: "I’ll be home on Sunday." "At"yana nuna takamaiman lokaci. mis "The movie starts at 7.":
on Monday
a ranar Litinin
I'll call you on Monday.
I will come on Monday.
Zan zo ranar Litinin.
on the weekend
a karshen mako
I won't work on the weekend.
on the 15th
a ranar sha biyar
I go to the dentist on the 15th.
on the 15th of April
a ranar 15 ga Afrilu
What are you doing on the 15th of April?
She comes on the 15th of April.
Zata zo a ranar 15 ga watan Afrilu.
She comes to visit me on the 15th of April.
in winter
a lokacin hunturu
In winter there's ice and snow.
to go skiing
zuwa gudu a kan kankara
We go skiing every year.
I go skiing in winter.
Ina zuwa yin wasan kankara a lokacin hunturu.
in the morning
da safe
We'll talk in the morning.
I was born in 1996.
An haife ni a shekarar 1996.
in the future
a nan gaba
In the future I want to be a millionaire.
The movie starts at 7.
Fim din zai fara da karfe bakwai.
Meet me at 12.
Mu hadu da karfe goma biyu.
at the moment
a halin yanzu
I'm not available at the moment.
not at the moment
ba a yanzu ba

"In", "on"kuma "at"a matsayin prepositions na wuri: A yawanci yana nufin wani abu da ke cikin wani wuri da aka rufe na wani nau'i, ko a cikin sarari mafi girma. "in the car" "in France" "in the center" Akan yawanci yana nuna cewa wani abu yana saman wani abu dabam, ko kuma wani wuri da ya fi dacewa a cikin babban yanki. "on the table" "on Main Street" Ana iya amfani da shi don nuna wani batu. Shi ne mafi ƙayyadaddun magana guda uku don nuna takamaiman wuri. "at the library" "at the store"
at home
a gida
I wasn't at home.
Are you at home?
Kana gida?
I stay at home on the weekend.
Ina zama a gida a karshen mako.
at the store
a cikin shago
I have to buy something at the store.
We're at the store at the moment.
Muna shago a yanzu.
in the car
a cikin mota
She's sitting in the car and waiting.
He is sitting in the car.
Yana zaune a cikin motar.
I live in Germany.
Ina zaune a Jamus.
Meet me at 12 in the center
Mu hadu da karfe goma sha biyu a tsakiyar gari.
on the table
akan tebur
The book is on the table.
The keys are on the table.
Maɓallan suna kan tebur.
on the field
a filin wasa
The players are on the field.
They are on the football field.
Suna a filin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa.

Za mu iya amfani da sauƙaƙan tambayoyin da suka gabata don yin abubuwan da suka gabata. Yi amfani "did"da fi'ili , amma kar a canza fi'ili zuwa sigar da ta gabata. Wannan saboda "did"ya riga ya nuna abubuwan da suka gabata, don haka babban fi'ili ya tsaya a cikin sigarsa mara iyaka. "Did you have a nice weekend?" "Did they finish their homework?" Za mu iya yin tambayoyin da suka wuce ta amfani da kalmar tambaya + yi . "What did you do?" "Where did he go?"
Did you do it?
Shin ka yi hakan?
Did you do your homework? - Yes, I did.
What did you do?
Me ka yi?
What did you do? - I didn't do anything.
Did he stay?
Ya zauna?
Did he stay at home?
Did you smoke?
Shin ka taba shan taba?
Did you smoke yesterday?
Where did you buy it?
A ina ka saya?
Where did you buy this dress?
Did they arrive on time?
Shin sun iso akan lokaci?
When did they arrive?
Yaushe suka iso?
When did they arrive? - They arrived yesterday.
Did she watch TV?
Shin ta kalli talabijin?
Did she watch TV yesterday? - No, she didn't.
Where did you live?
Ina kake zaune?
Where did you live? - I lived in Germany for five years.

"Something"kuma "anything"yana da ma'ana iri ɗaya kuma yana nufin wani abu / abu mara rai , amma ɗaya ana amfani da shi a cikin kalmomi masu kyau kuma ɗayan a cikin mummunan. "Something"yana nufin wani abu da ba a sani ba. Ana amfani da shi a cikin kalmomi masu kyau. "Anything"yana nufin abu kowane iri. Yi amfani da shi a cikin tambayoyi da kalmomi marasa kyau. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi don ma'ana "I don't mind."
something
wani abu
We always buy something to eat.
something to eat
wani abin da za a ci
I will bring something to eat.
something else
wani abu daban
I will do something else tonight.
Anything else?
Akwai wani abun kuma?
Do you need anything else?
more than anything
fiye da komai
I love you more than anything.
Is there anything I can do?
Shin akwai abin da zan iya yi?
Is there anything I can do for you?
to miss
a rasa
I miss you.
Something is missing.
Akwai wani abu da yake a bace.
Something is missing here.
I will do anything.
Zan yi komai.
I will do anything to make things better.
Let's do something.
Mu yi wani abu.
Let's do something this weekend!

Menene ƙarfinku da rauninku? Bari mu koyi wasu kalmomi masu amfani don bayyana halin ku (ko wani)!
She's funny.
Tana da ban dariya.
easy-going
mai saukin kai
She is very easy-going.
friendly
mai sada zumunci
They were friendly to me.
generous
karami
She is generous with her money.
honest
mai gaskiya
I'm always totally honest with you.
moody
mai sauyin hali
She is so moody!
lazy
malalaci
He was too lazy to cook.
polite
da ladabi
The comment was polite and reasonable.
shy
kunya
I was pretty shy at school.
hard-working
mai ƙwazo
The students are hard-working.
wise
mai hikima
She seems kind and wise.

Ana amfani da kalmomi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi don ayyukan da mu (ko abubuwa) ba za mu iya yin su ba (ta motsa jiki, da sauransu). Maganganu na tsaye ba sa canza jihohinsu. Wasu daga cikin fi'ili na tsaye sune: "know", "like", "seem", "love", "have", "want", "see"
I know!
Na sani!
I know you are right.
Do you know him?
Kuna san shi?
Do you know him well?
to love
so
We love this movie.
She loves her cat.
Tana son kuliyarta.
She loves her cat more than anything.
Do you love me?
Kuna son ni?
Do you love me more than anything?
to hate
ƙi
Why do you hate me so much?
the spinach
alayyahu
Spinach is very healthy.
They hate spinach.
Suna ƙin alayyahu.
My children hate spinach.
to want
so
I want to go with you.
Do you want a coffee?
Kuna son kofi?
Do you want a coffee or a tea?
I want to go.
Ina son in tafi
I want to go to the center.
He seems nice.
Yana da kirki.
I just met Sarah’s brother yesterday. He seems nice.
It seems easy.
Yana da sauƙi.
This exercise seems easy.

Tare da fi’ili "like"akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na sanya fi’ili a bayansa. "LIKE""to"++ mara iyaka "I like to sleep." "LIKE"+ aiki + "ing" "I like sleeping." Gabaɗaya babu wani bambanci a cikin ma'ana, ko da yake a wasu lokuta muna amfani da rashin iyaka ( "TO "+ VERB) don magana game da halaye ko zaɓi. Duk da haka, yin amfani da fi'ili+ "ING"ya fi kowa fiye da amfani da mara iyaka.
I like dancing.
Ina son rawa.
to read
karantawa
I read a book about war.
I like reading.
Ina son karatu.
I like reading in bed at night.
I like to read in the evening.
Ina son karatu da yamma.
to go to the gym
zuwa dakin motsa jiki
Does he like going to the gym?
I don’t like getting up early.
Bana son tashi da wuri.
Do you like watching TV?
Kuna son kallon talabijin?
to wait
jira
I'm waiting for you.
I don't like waiting.
Ba na son jira.
I don't like waiting for the bus.
She likes cooking.
Tana son girki.
I like to cook Asian food.
Ina son dafa abincin Asiya.
to take a selfie
ɗaukar hoto kai
I love to take a selfie when I travel.
We like taking selfies.
Muna son ɗaukar hotunan kai.
I like learning English.
Ina jin dadin koyon Turanci.

"I speak English well." "Well"magana ce. Yi amfani "well"da siffanta fi'ili, sifa, ko wani karin magana. Bari mu koyi wasu maganganu masu amfani!
very well
lalle kuwa
You speak English very well.
She can dance well.
Tana iya rawa sosai.
a little
kadanko
You're going a little fast.
I speak a little Spanish.
Ina jin ɗan Sifaniyanci.
Do you speak Spanish? - I speak a little Spanish.
a little time
dan lokaci kadan
I need a little more time.
unfortunately
abin takaici
Unfortunately, she can’t come to the party.
to be closed
a kasance a rufe
Is the store closed?
Unfortunately, it is closed.
Abin takaici, a rufe yake.
Unfortunately, the shop is closed today.
We have a lot to do.
Muna da abubuwa da yawa da za mu yi.
We have a lot to do this week.
the money
kudin
How much money did you get?
a lot of money
kudi da yawa
He made a lot of money.

Wani lokaci, harafi ɗaya na iya canza ma'anar gaba ɗaya! "A little"yana nufin wasu amma idan kawai ka ce "little"(ba tare da a ), yana da mummunan ma'ana. Dubi wannan misalin: "Have you got any money?" A: "Yes, a little."(Ina da kuɗi kaɗan, ƙaramin adadi.) B: "No, very little."(ba da yawa/kusan kome ba) Haka ka'ida ta tafi ga kalmar "few". Muna amfani "a little"da sunaye marasa ƙidaya guda ɗaya. Muna amfani "a few"da jam'i sunaye masu ƙididdigewa.
a few friends
wasu abokai
I have a few friends, so I'm not lonely.
few friends
abokai kalilan
She has few friends, so she's quite lonely.
a jar
kwalaba
I put the cookies in a jar.
a few jars of jam
wasu gwangwanin jam
I have a few jars of jam in the cellar.
a little cream and sugar
dan kirim da sukari
I always enjoy a little cream and sugar in my coffee.
a little extra time
dan ƙarin lokaci
We have a little extra time this afternoon; do you want to watch a movie?
a choice
zabi
You always have a choice.
few people
mutane kalilan
Few people came to the party.
to remember
tunawa
I remember her well.
a few things to remember
abubuwa kadan da ya kamata a tuna
Here are a few things to remember before you go on vacation.

Ana amfani da wannan yanayin lokacin da sakamakon zai kasance koyaushe. Ana amfani da ita don gaskiya gabaɗaya da abubuwan da ba za su iya canzawa ba. A cikin jumlolin sifili, abin da ke cikin sassan jimla guda biyu shine sauƙaƙan yanzu. Ga wasu misalai: "If people eat too much, they get fat." "If babies are hungry, they cry." "If it rains, the grass gets wet."
If you eat too much, you get fat.
Idan kana yawan cin abinci, za ka yi kiba.
to get fat
yin kiba
If people eat too much, they get fat.
to be ill
jin ciwo
the peanuts
gyada
Do you like peanuts?
If I eat peanuts, I am sick.
Idan na ci gyada, ina jin rashin lafiya.
to boil
tafasa
If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
to get wet
jin jika
If you stand in the rain, you get wet.
If you heat ice, it melts.
Idan ka dumama kankara, za ta narke.
If you put ice in the sun, it melts quickly.
to melt
narke
The snow is starting to melt.

Abinda ya gabata "can"shine "could"don haka zaku iya cewa: "I could swim when I was five." A baya sauki na shi "can't"ne "couldn't"kamar a cikin wannan misali: "I couldn’t sing as a child." Bayan haka, zaku iya amfani "could"da "couldn't"yin buƙatun ladabi. Misali "Could you help me carry these bags?":
Could you help me?
Ko za ka iya taimaka mini?
Could you help me carry these bags?
to carry a bag
daukar jaka
He couldn't help me carry my bag.
I couldn't do it.
Ban iya yin hakan ba.
They could speak English.
Sun iya maganar Turanci.
They could speak English before they went to school.
to try
gwada
I am trying to help you.
Could you try?
Ko za ka iya gwada wa?
Could you at least try?
to play chess
buga dara
Could you play chess last year? - Yes, I could.
I couldn't eat peanuts.
Ban iya cin gyaɗa ba.
I couldn't eat peanuts when I was a child.
Could you bring me a coffee?
Ko za ka iya kawo mini kofi?
Yes, I could.
Iya, zan iya yin hakan.
Could you bring me a coffee? - Yes, I could.

Kalmar "by"ta zama ruwan dare a Turanci. Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin nau'i-nau'i da yawa daban-daban. Ga wasu misalai: 1. "by"+ wuri : "The house stands by the river." 2. "by"+ Hanyar sufuri : "I go to work by car." 3. "by"+ Hanyar sadarwa : "Please confirm the order by email." 4. "by"+ -fi'ili "Turn on the radio by pressing the button.":
by train
da jirgin kasa
We went to Manchester by train.
Do you travel by plane?
Shin kana tafiya da jirgin sama?
Do you travel by plane when you go on vacation?
by the sea
a bakin teku
I want to live in a house by the sea.
He lives by the sea.
Yana zaune kusa da teku.
He lives by the sea in a small house.
by phone
ta waya
I will speak to him by phone.
to press
danna
I need to press the button to start the machine.
by pressing the button
ta hanyar danna maballin
Turn on the radio by pressing the button.
to confirm
tabbatar
Please confirm the order by email.
Can I pay by credit card?
Shin zan iya biya da katin kiredit?
by tomorrow
kafin gobe
Please send us the payment by tomorrow.
Could you do it by tomorrow?
Za ka iya yin hakan kafin gobe?
You learn by practicing with Memo.
Kuna koyo ta hanyar yin atisaye tare da Memo.
Yaya yake aiki?

Koyo da DuoCards

Mene ne DuoCards?

DuoCards manhaja ce ta koyon harsuna da ke taimaka maka wajen ƙara ƙamus ɗinka ta hanyar amfani da kati. Kuna iya ajiye kalmomin da kuke son koya kuma ku yi ta atisayen su yadda lokaci ke tafiya.

Ta yaya zan yi amfani da wannan kwas ɗin wajen koyo?

Duba bayani da ƙamus a kowane ɓangare. Zaɓi mai ɗaukar kati (Card picker) sannan ka zaɓi kalmomin da kake son koya. Sannan ka buɗe asusu kyauta don ajiye kalmominka ka kuma duba su.

Ta yaya zan yi atisaye da kati na?

Za ka ga kati mai ɗauke da kalma da kuma fassarar da aka ɓoye. Yi ƙoƙarin hasashen ma'anarsa, sannan ka taɓa don bincika amsarka. DuoCards na maimaita kalmomin da kake ganin suna da wuyar gaske.

Shin ina buƙatar asusu, kuma karatun kyauta ne?

Kuna iya duba wannan shafin ba tare da asusu ba. Tare da asusu na kyauta, za ka iya ajiye kalmomi kuma ka bibiyi yadda kake ci gaba. Tsarin kyauta yana da iyaka, kuma tsarin Na Musamman yana ba da ƙarin abubuwa.