Kursus vir beginners (A1/A2)Engelse woorde

by DuoCards

*Welcome to the Beginners Course!* Hierdie kursus sal jou deur die basiese beginsels lei en jou help om Engels in alledaagse situasies te gebruik! Jy sal leer hoe om sinne te vorm, noodsaaklike tye te gebruik, en jou woordeskat uit te brei met praktiese woorde wat jy elke dag kan gebruik. Voordat ons begin, kom ons warm op met 'n paar nuttige woorde en frases om jou aan die gang te kry!

to change

om te verander

I need to change my clothes.

to improve

om te verbeter

I want to improve my English skills.

I want to improve my English.

Ek wil my Engels verbeter.

The weather can change quickly.

Die weer kan vinnig verander.

to forget

om te vergeet

She forgot to call her friend.

Don’t forget your umbrella.

Moenie jou sambreel vergeet nie.

an umbrella

'n sambreel

I always carry an umbrella in my bag.

I changed my job last year.

Ek het verlede jaar van werk verander.

I always forget my keys.

Ek vergeet altyd my sleutels.

to prefer

om te verkies

I prefer tea to coffee.

to need

om nodig te hê

I need a pencil to write my homework.

I need help.

Ek het hulp nodig.

I need help with my math homework.

Welkom by die beginnerskursus! Kom ons begin met die werkwoord. Gebruik om oor 'n moontlikheid of vermoë te praat. Gebruik altyd saam met 'n ander werkwoord. Jy kan gebruik om kort antwoorde te vorm soos in hierdie voorbeeld: = Ek kan iets doen. / Ek weet iets is moontlik vir my, byvoorbeeld:

I can do it!

Ek kan dit doen!

I have studied hard for the exam, and I can do it!

Can you?

Kan jy?

Can you do that for me?

Yes, you can!

Ja, jy kan!

Can I do it? - Yes, you can!

to repeat

om te herhaal

Can you repeat it after me?

I can't speak Spanish.

Ek kan nie Spaans praat nie.

I can't speak Spanish very well.

They can sing.

Hulle kan sing.

My friends can sing all the popular songs.

Can you see

Sien jy?

Can you see the man over there?

*Kan negatief wees* Om 'n ontkenning te maak, voeg "not"na kan by om een woord te maak (kan nie = kan nie). Kom ons leer nuwe werkwoorde! "to repeat" "to sing" "to swim"

He can't sing.

Hy kan nie sing nie.

to sing

om te sing

I love to sing.

to swim

om te swem

He can't swim.

Hy kan nie swem nie.

He can't swim, so he prefers to stay by the pool.

Can you repeat it, please?

Kan u dit asseblief herhaal?

They can swim, but I can't.

Hulle kan swem, maar ek kan nie.

*Beswaar voornaamwoorde* 'n Voorwerpvoornaam verwys na die persoon of ding *wat deur 'n handeling geraak word.* Dit kom gewoonlik na 'n werkwoord of voorsetsel. Byvoorbeeld: "I spend a lot of time with my family. I love them so much."( *Hulle* vervang *my gesin* .) Die voorwerp voornaamwoorde is: "me" "you" "him" "her" "us" "them"

I love you.

Ek het jou lief.

I love you very much.

Can you see him?

Sien jy hom?

Can you see him standing over there?

to tell

om te sê

Can you tell me what you think?

Tell me.

Sê vir my.

Tell me what you see.

Tell me what you think.

Sê vir my wat jy dink.

Tell me what you think about the idea.

to ask

om te vra

People always ask questions.

about

oor

I am thinking about you.

Ask her about them.

Vra vir haar daaroor.

Ask her about her day.

The book is about us.

Die boek gaan oor ons.

They made a movie about us.

*Hedendaagse aaneenlopende tyd* Ons gebruik die huidige aaneenlopende tyd wanneer ons praat oor iets wat tans gebeur. Gebruik die hulpwerkwoord "to be"in sy korrekte vorm en voeg die uitgang *-ing* by die werkwoord. "He is sleeping." "You are eating."

My brother is eating.

My broer eet.

My brother is eating a pizza.

It is raining.

Dit reën.

It is raining today.

to sleep

om te slaap

She is sleeping.

to travel

om te reis

I love to travel to new places.

They are traveling.

Hulle is op reis.

to fight

om te veg

My brothers are fighting.

My broers baklei.

My brothers are fighting.

to draw

teken

He can draw a map.

the picture

die prent

The picture is beautiful.

My children are drawing a picture.

My kinders teken 'n prentjie.

She is drawing a picture.

the window

die venster

Open the window, please.

grandma

ouma

My grandma is very nice.

to look out of the window

om by die venster uit te kyk

My grandma is looking out of the window

*Einde verander soms* Soms verander die einde van die werkwoord in die huidige aaneenlopende tyd. Wanneer 'n werkwoord op *e* eindig, laat val die *e* en voeg *-ing by* : "make"- "making" Wanneer 'n *eenlettergreepwerkwoord op klinker + konsonant eindig* , verdubbel die finale konsonant en voeg *by* : "swim"- "swimming" Wanneer 'n werkwoord eindig op *vokaal + konsonant met klem op die finale lettergreep* , verdubbel die konsonant en voeg *by* : "begin"- "beginning" *Moenie die konsonant* van woorde met *meer as een lettergreep* verdubbel as die klem nie op die finale lettergreep is nie: "remember"- "remembering"

We are making progress!

Ons maak vordering!

Are we making progress?

to move

om te trek

He is moving to Spain.

We are moving.

Ons trek.

We are moving next summer.

She is swimming.

Sy swem.

She is swimming in the sea.

to begin with

om mee te begin

We should begin with the hardest task.

I'm beginning with this.

Ek begin hiermee.

I'm beginning with this task.

to get worse

om te vererger

The weather is starting to get worse.

It's getting worse.

Dit word al hoe erger.

Unfortunately, it's getting worse.

*Bied deurlopend aan - ontkenning en vraag* Om ontkenning te vorm, plaas "not"voor die hoofwerkwoord. "He is not sleeping." "You are not eating." Stel 'n vraag deur *am, is* of *is* *voor die onderwerp te plaas* . "Is he sleeping?" "Are you eating?"

He is not sleeping.

Hy slaap nie.

He is not sleeping right now.

right now

nou dadelik

The children aren't sleeping right now.

to shop

om inkopies te doen

I am not shopping right now.

Is it raining?

Reën dit?

Is it raining there?

to make a pizza

om 'n pizza te maak

I'm not making a pizza, I'm making pasta.

Is he making progress?

Maak hy vordering?

Is she getting worse?

Gaan dit slegter met haar?

to look

om te kyk

Are you looking?

to work

om te werk

They are not working.

Are you beginning right now?

Begin jy nou dadelik?

*Teenwoordige enkelvoudige tyd vs. huidige kontinue tyd* Jy weet reeds dat ons die huidige eenvoudige tyd gebruik wanneer ons praat oor *iets herhalend* of oor ons *gewoontes* en *waarvan ons hou* . "I go to the gym every week." "I like pizza." Ons gebruik die *huidige aaneenlopende tyd* wanneer ons praat oor iets wat *tans gebeur.* Seinwoorde met huidige kontinu: "right now", "now", "at the moment", "today" "He is singing right now." "We are at school at the moment."

I like these shoes.

Ek hou van hierdie skoene.

I've been wearing these shoes for months and I still like them.

every day

elke dag

I go to school every day. Do you go to work every day? - Yes l go to work every day.

to study for an exam

om vir 'n eksamen te leer

I am not studying for the exam now.

a lot

baie

Do you study a lot? - Yes I study lot.

to listen

luister

I like to listen to my favorite songs in the car.

Are you listening to me?

Luister jy na my?

to fall

om te val

Do not fall!

the star

die ster

Look at the star.

A star is falling down!

'n Verskietende ster!

Look! A star is falling down!

They are working now.

Hulle werk nou.

Does it snow often here?

Sneeu dit gereeld hier?

to drive

om te bestuur

My mother is driving to work right now.

I'm driving right now.

Ek bestuur nou op die oomblik.

I don't drive.

Ek bestuur nie.

I don't drive when I'm sleepy.

*Kardinale nommers* Kardinale nommers word gewoonlik gebruik wanneer jy: tel dinge: "I have two brothers." gee jou ouderdom: "I am ten years old." gee jou telefoonnommer: "My phone number is two-six-three, three-eight-four-seven." gee jare: "It happened in nineteen seventy-five (1975)." 1 - "one" 2 - "two" 3 - "three" 4 - "four" 5 - "five" 6 - "six" 7 - "seven" 8 - "eight" 9 - "nine" 10 - "ten"

I am seven years old.

Ek is sewe jaar oud.

How old are you?

Hoe oud is jy?

five apples

vyf appels

There are five apples in the kitchen.

siblings

broers en susters

Do you have any siblings?

How many siblings do you have?

Hoeveel broers en susters het jy?

I don't have any siblings.

Ek het geen broers of susters nie.

sister

suster

I have one sister.

in two weeks

oor twee weke

They are going to visit us in two weeks.

He is leaving in two weeks.

Hy vertrek oor twee weke.

the piece

die stuk

a piece of cheese

Can you give me one piece?

Kan jy vir my een stukkie gee?

Can you give me one piece of cake?

*Vergelykende en superlatiewe vorme van byvoeglike naamwoorde* Om vergelykings te tref, moet jy vergelykende en superlatiewe vorme van byvoeglike naamwoorde gebruik. Byvoorbeeld: "tall""taller"-- "the tallest" "small""smaller"-- "the smallest" *Vergelykend* word gebruik wanneer ons sekere eienskappe vergelyk en wil sê dat iets beter / slegter kwaliteit het, ons gebruik *superlatief* wanneer ons wil uitdruk dat dit die beste van almal is. *Onthou om die bepaalde lidwoord by te voeg wanneer 'n superlatiewe vorm gevorm word.* Gebruik "than"met 'n *vergelykende byvoeglike naamwoord* wanneer twee dinge of mense vergelyk word.

smaller

kleiner

The dog is smaller than the cat.

taller

langer

I'm taller than you.

taller than me

langer as ek

My brother is taller than me.

My father is taller than you.

My pa is langer as jy.

puppy

hondjie

The smallest puppy is so cute.

to look younger

om jonger te lyk

You look younger than your age.

You look younger.

Jy lyk jonger.

the youngest person

die jongste persoon

The youngest person in the room.

hard

She works hard.

We work harder.

Ons werk harder.

We work harder than before.

the hardest thing

die moeilikste ding

What's the hardest thing in life?

*Vergelyking van kort byvoeglike naamwoorde* (eenlettergrepige byvoeglike naamwoorde en tweelettergrepige byvoeglike naamwoorde wat eindig op -y) Vergelykend: voeg die einde *-er* by: "smaller" Superlatief: voeg die einde *-est* en die lidwoord *die* voor die byvoeglike naamwoord by: "the smallest" *Verdubbel die laaste letter* as die byvoeglike naamwoord op konsonant, vokaal, konsonant eindig: "big""bigger"-- "the biggest" *Verander Y na I* wanneer die byvoeglike naamwoord op konsonant + Y eindig "funny"- "funnier"- "the funniest"

My car is faster than yours.

My motor is vinniger as joune.

funny

snaaks

I like funny people.

the joke

die grap

She could laugh and joke with her colleagues.

This is the funniest joke in the world.

Hierdie is die snaaksste grap in die wêreld.

big

groot

Big eyes are beautiful.

Our house is bigger than yours.

Ons huis is groter as julle s'n.

hot

warm

It was hot inside the hall.

This is the hottest chilli pepper.

Hierdie is die warmste rissie.

nice

mooi

We had a nice time.

the place

die plek

The garden is a peaceful place.

We are moving to a nicer place.

Ons trek na 'n mooier plek toe.

wet

nat

He slipped on the wet rock.

the world

die wêreld

He tries to save the world.

What is the wettest place in the world?

Wat is die natste plek op aarde?

*Vergelyking van lang byvoeglike naamwoorde* (2 lettergrepe byvoeglike naamwoorde - almal behalwe dié wat eindig op -y en byvoeglike naamwoorde van 3 of meer lettergrepe) Om 'n vergelykende vorm te vorm, voeg MEER voor die basiese vorm by "more beautiful" Om 'n superlatief te vorm, voeg die bepaalde lidwoord en die woord MOST voor die basiese vorm by"the most beautiful" "It's more useful than you think." "That's the most complicated exam!"

She is the most beautiful woman.

Sy is die mooiste vrou.

more beautiful

mooier

You are more beautiful than before.

expensive

duur

That's the most expensive house.

This T-shirt is more expensive than the other one.

Hierdie T-hemp is duurder as die ander een.

This book is more interesting than that one.

useful

nuttig

Aspirin is useful for headaches.

It's more useful than you think.

Dit is nuttiger as wat jy dink.

Reading books is more useful than you think.

stressful

stresvol

This job is very stressful.

It is the most stressful exam.

Dit is die mees stresvolle eksamen.

money

geld

I counted the money before putting it in my wallet.

important

belangrik

Your support is very important to me.

delicate

sensitief

His health is very delicate. (Jeho zdraví je velmi citlivé.)

Health is more important than money.

Gesondheid is belangriker as geld.

interesting

interessant

It was an interesting debate.

movie

rolprent

a movie star

This movie is more interesting.

Hierdie fliek is interessanter.

This movie is more interesting than the book.

clever

slim

She is a clever and studious young woman.

My brother is the most clever person.

My broer is die slimste persoon.

My brother is the most clever person I know.

*Onreëlmatige byvoeglike naamwoorde* Ons moet die vorme van onreëlmatige byvoeglike naamwoorde memoriseer. "good""better"-- "the best" "bad""worse"-- "the worst" "far""farther/further"-- "the farthest/furthest" "little""less"-- "the least" "much""more"-- "the most" "It will get better soon." "She is the best teacher in the world!"

I feel much better now.

Ek voel nou baie beter.

Thanks for asking, I feel much better now.

the silence

die stilte

The silence lasted for about a minute.

the anger

die woede

Anger showed in his face.

His silence was worse than his anger.

Sy stilte was erger as sy woede.

nervous

enuweeagtig

He is very nervous about the performance.

I feel less nervous.

Ek voel minder senuweeagtig.

I feel less nervous after meditation.

singer

sanger

Who is your favourite singer?

My sister is the best singer.

My suster is die beste sanger.

far

ver

It was not too far away.

to expect

verwag

We expect the best.

She walked farther than she expected.

Sy het verder gestap as wat sy verwag het.

I thought the store was just around the corner, but I ended up walking farther than I expected.

*Frases in enkelvoudige verlede tyd* Die verlede tyd word gebruik om oor voltooide handelinge in die verlede te praat. Om die verlede eenvoudige tyd te vorm, voeg jy gewoonlik "-ed"by die basisvorm van gewone werkwoorde. Byvoorbeeld: "She walked to the store" "He watched TV last night." "to talk"- "talked" "to walk"- "walked" "to watch"- "watched" "to cook"- "cooked" "to visit"- "visited"

We talked.

Ons het gesels.

We talked about it last night.

I walked there

Ek het soontoe gestap

I walked there for hours

together

saam

Children play together.

They walked together.

Hulle het saam geloop.

They walked together to school.

We watched TV together.

Ons het saam televisie gekyk.

We watched TV together yesterday.

to cook dinner

om aandete te kook

My mum cooked dinner for me.

She cooked dinner.

Sy het aandete gemaak.

She cooked dinner for the children.

to visit

besoek

You can visit us later.

He visited us for dinner.

Hy het by ons kom eet.

I visited my grandparents for the weekend.

*Onreëlmatige verlede enkelvoudige tydsvorme* Daar is baie onreëlmatige verledetydvorme in Engels wat jy moet onthou. Kom ons kyk na twee belangrike werkwoorde en hul vorige enkeltydsvorme! "to do""did"-- "I did my homework." "to make"- "made"- "I made pizza."

We did it!

Ons het dit gedoen!

the dinner

die aandete

What's for dinner?

She made dinner.

Sy het aandete gemaak.

She made him a simple dinner.

Children did the homework.

Die kinders het die huiswerk gedoen.

to make an effort

'n poging aanwend

We have to make an effort.

to finish

om te voltooi

We are finishing soon.

I made an effort to finish my work.

Ek het 'n poging aangewend om my werk klaar te maak.

the jam

die konfyt

My mom made a delicious jam.

from

van

She made jam from the apples.

Sy het konfyt van die appels gemaak.

*Verlede eenvoudig van TO BE* Vir enkelvoudige vakke is die eenvoudige verlede tyd van *wees* "was". Vir meervoude vakke (en enkelvoud jy), is die eenvoudige verlede tyd "were". "I was at school yesterday." "You were at home." In ontkennende sinne, voeg die bywoord *nie by nie* en plaas dit *na die woord was/was* . Onthou dat die verkorte vorm die meeste van die tyd in ontkennende sinne gebruik word: "wasn't"= "was not"/ "weren't"= "were not". "I wasn't at school yesterday." "You weren't at home."

I was there.

Ek was daar.

I was there yesterday.

at home

tuis

You weren't at home when I came.

We were happy.

Ons was gelukkig.

We were happy while we were together.

They were together.

Hulle was saam.

They were together all night.

tired

moeg

I was very tired this morning.

He was tired.

Hy was moeg.

He was tired yesterday.

She was at school.

Sy was by die skool.

She was at school yesterday.

to be sure

om seker te wees

I'm not sure about it.

I wasn't sure about it.

Ek was nie seker daaroor nie.

yesterday

gister

The children were at school yesterday.

*Wederkerende voornaamwoord* Ons gebruik dikwels refleksiewe voornaamwoorde wanneer die onderwerp en die voorwerp van 'n werkwoord dieselfde is. Ook wanneer ons wil uitwys dat ons (of iemand anders) iets gedoen het. Enkelvoud: "myself"(ek) "yourself"(jy) "himself"(hy) "herself"(sy) "itself"(dit) Meervoud: "ourselves"(ons) "yourselves"(jy) "themselves"(hulle) "I did it myself." "We did it ourselves." "I cut myself."

I made the pizza myself.

Ek het die pizza self gemaak.

He was impressed that I made the pizza myself instead of ordering takeout.

to hear

om te hoor

He did not want to hear it.

Do you hear yourself?

Hoor jy jouself?

themselves

self

They did the homework themselves.

to ourselves

vir onsself

We have the house to ourselves.

to talk

praat

The two are talking.

He talks to himself.

Hy praat met homself.

I washed the car myself.

Ek het die motor self gewas.

to wish

om te wens

We wish for peace.

Wish yourself good luck.

Wens jouself sterkte toe.

*Van Tyd gepraat* Ons gebruik hierdie voorsetsels van tyd: "at", "in", en "on". Ons gebruik "at"om 'n spesifieke tyd te gee: "at 3 o'clock", "at noon", "at the moment" Ons gebruik "in"vir maande, jare, eeue en lang tydperke: "in winter", "in April", "in 1990" Ons gebruik "on"vir dae en datums: "on Monday", "on the 6th of March"

on Sunday

op Sondag

Do you want to go out on Sunday?

at the moment

op die oomblik

I'm not in the office at the moment.

necessary

nodig

It's not necessary for you to be here.

At the moment it's not necessary.

Op die oomblik is dit nie nodig nie.

at 3 o'clock

om 3-uur

The class starts at 3 o'clock.

in summer

in die somer

The sun shines in summer.

It rains a lot in autumn.

Dit reën baie in die herfs.

I was born in ...

Ek is gebore in ...

I was born in 1999.

*Toekoms - GAAN NA* Druk 'n plan of voorneme uit wat reeds besluit is of 'n logiese voorspelling vir die toekoms. Sein woorde: "in one year" "next week" "next year" "next month" "tomorrow" "soon", ens. "I am going to meet my friend next week." "They are going to talk about his future tomorrow."

I am going to leave tomorrow.

Ek vertrek môre.

to miss (sth)

om (iets) te mis

Do not miss this! They are going to miss the bus.

They are going to miss the bus.

Hulle gaan die bus verpas.

to talk about

om te praat oor

We are going to talk about it.

soon

binnekort

I will be home soon.

I'm going to go soon.

Ek gaan binnekort gaan.

to meet

ontmoet

I'm going to meet my friends.

next week

volgende week

We are going to leave next week.

I am going to see a doctor tomorrow.

Ek gaan môre dokter toe.

*Toekoms - vrae en ontkenning* Om ontkenning te vorm, voeg eenvoudig "not"voor "going to": "We are not going to sleep tonight." Om 'n vraag te vorm, verander die onderwerp met die werkwoord "to be": "Are you going to be there?"

Are you going to be there?

Gaan jy daar wees?

the tea

die tee

Do you drink tea?

the coffee

die koffie

I want a cup of coffee.

Are you going to drink coffee or tea?

Gaan jy koffie of tee drink?

to believe

om te glo

I believe in destiny.

You are not going to believe this.

Jy gaan dit nie glo nie.

to buy

om te koop

Buy me a bread, please.

the motorcycle

die motorfiets

He drives a motorcycle.

Do you prefer coffee or tea?

Are you going to buy a car or a motorcycle?

Gaan jy 'n motor of 'n motorfiets koop?

*Bywoorde* 'n Bywoord is 'n woord wat 'n werkwoord, 'n byvoeglike naamwoord, 'n ander bywoord of selfs 'n hele sin wysig (beskryf), byvoorbeeld: "very", "really", "too", ens. Voorbeelde: "He is very tall." "I really like him." "The dress is too expensive." "Fortunately, I brought an umbrella."

very

baie

You look very tired.