Kursus untuk pemula (A1/A2)Perkataan bahasa Inggeris

by DuoCards

Kursus ini akan membimbing anda melalui asas-asas dan membantu anda mula menggunakan Bahasa Inggeris dalam situasi harian! Anda akan belajar bagaimana membentuk ayat, menggunakan kala asas, dan mengembangkan perbendaharaan kata anda dengan perkataan praktikal yang boleh anda gunakan setiap hari. Sebelum kita mula, mari kita panaskan dengan beberapa perkataan dan frasa berguna untuk memulakan anda!

to change

untuk menukar

I need to change my clothes.

to improve

untuk menambah baik

I want to improve my English skills.

I want to improve my English.

Saya ingin meningkatkan kemahiran bahasa Inggeris saya.

The weather can change quickly.

Cuaca boleh berubah dengan cepat.

to forget

untuk melupakan

She forgot to call her friend.

Don’t forget your umbrella.

Jangan lupa payung anda.

an umbrella

sebuah payung

I always carry an umbrella in my bag.

I changed my job last year.

Saya menukar pekerjaan saya tahun lepas.

I always forget my keys.

Saya selalu terlupa kunci saya.

to prefer

lebih suka

I prefer tea to coffee.

to need

perlu

I need a pencil to write my homework.

I need help.

Saya perlukan bantuan.

I need help with my math homework.

*Selamat datang ke kursus pemula!* Mari kita mulakan dengan kata kerja "can". Gunakan "can"untuk bercakap tentang *kemungkinan* atau *keupayaan.* Sentiasa gunakan boleh dengan kata kerja lain. Anda boleh gunakan "can"untuk membentuk jawapan ringkas seperti dalam contoh ini: "Can you speak English?"- "Yes, I can." "I can"= Saya boleh melakukan sesuatu. / Saya tahu sesuatu mungkin untuk saya, contohnya: "I can dance very well."

I can do it!

Saya boleh melakukannya!

I have studied hard for the exam, and I can do it!

Can you?

Boleh tak?

Can you do that for me?

Yes, you can!

Ya, anda boleh!

Can I do it? - Yes, you can!

to repeat

Boleh ulang semula?

Can you repeat it after me?

I can't speak Spanish.

Saya tidak boleh bercakap bahasa Sepanyol.

I can't speak Spanish very well.

They can sing.

Mereka boleh menyanyi.

My friends can sing all the popular songs.

Can you see

Boleh nampak tak?

Can you see the man over there?

*Boleh dalam negatif* Untuk membuat negatif, tambah "not"selepas boleh untuk membuat satu perkataan (tidak boleh = tidak boleh). Mari belajar kata kerja baharu! "to repeat" "to sing" "to swim"

He can't sing.

Dia tidak boleh menyanyi.

to sing

menyanyi

I love to sing.

to swim

berenang

He can't swim.

Dia tidak boleh berenang.

He can't swim, so he prefers to stay by the pool.

Can you repeat it, please?

Boleh tolong ulangi semula?

They can swim, but I can't.

Mereka boleh berenang, tetapi saya tidak.

*Kata ganti nama objek* Kata ganti nama objek merujuk kepada orang atau benda *yang dipengaruhi oleh tindakan.* Ia biasanya datang selepas kata kerja atau preposisi. Sebagai contoh: "I spend a lot of time with my family. I love them so much."( *Mereka* menggantikan *keluarga saya* .) Kata ganti nama objek ialah: "me" "you" "him" "her" "us" "them"

I love you.

Saya sayang awak.

I love you very much.

Can you see him?

Bolehkah anda nampak dia?

Can you see him standing over there?

to tell

memberitahu

Can you tell me what you think?

Tell me.

Beritahu saya.

Tell me what you see.

Tell me what you think.

Beritahu saya apa pendapat anda.

Tell me what you think about the idea.

to ask

bertanya

People always ask questions.

about

tentang

I am thinking about you.

Ask her about them.

Tanya dia tentang mereka.

Ask her about her day.

The book is about us.

Buku itu adalah tentang kita.

They made a movie about us.

*Present continuous tense* Kita menggunakan present continuous tense apabila kita bercakap tentang sesuatu yang sedang berlaku sekarang. Gunakan kata kerja bantu "to be"dalam bentuk yang betul dan tambahkan pengakhiran *-ing* pada kata kerja itu. "He is sleeping." "You are eating."

My brother is eating.

Abang saya sedang makan.

My brother is eating a pizza.

It is raining.

Hari sedang hujan.

It is raining today.

to sleep

tidur

She is sleeping.

to travel

melancong

I love to travel to new places.

They are traveling.

Mereka sedang dalam perjalanan.

to fight

berjuang

My brothers are fighting.

Abang-abang saya sedang bergaduh.

My brothers are fighting.

to draw

melukis

He can draw a map.

the picture

gambar itu

The picture is beautiful.

My children are drawing a picture.

Anak-anak saya sedang melukis gambar.

She is drawing a picture.

the window

tingkap itu

Open the window, please.

grandma

nenek

My grandma is very nice.

to look out of the window

melihat ke luar tingkap

My grandma is looking out of the window

*Pengakhiran kadang-kadang berubah* Kadangkala, pengakhiran kata kerja berubah dalam present continuous tense. Apabila kata kerja berakhir dengan *e* , lepaskan *e* dan tambah *-ing* : "make"- "making" Apabila *kata kerja satu suku kata berakhir dengan vokal + konsonan* , gandakan konsonan akhir dan tambah *ing* : "swim"- "swimming" Apabila kata kerja berakhir dengan *vokal + konsonan dengan tekanan pada suku kata akhir* , gandakan konsonan dan *tambahkan* : "begin"- "beginning" *Jangan menggandakan konsonan* perkataan dengan *lebih daripada satu suku kata* jika tekanan tidak terdapat pada suku kata akhir: "remember"- "remembering"

We are making progress!

Kami sedang menunjukkan kemajuan!

Are we making progress?

to move

berpindah

He is moving to Spain.

We are moving.

Kami sedang berpindah.

We are moving next summer.

She is swimming.

Dia sedang berenang.

She is swimming in the sea.

to begin with

sebagai permulaan

We should begin with the hardest task.

I'm beginning with this.

Saya bermula dengan ini.

I'm beginning with this task.

to get worse

menjadi semakin teruk

The weather is starting to get worse.

It's getting worse.

Keadaan menjadi semakin teruk.

Unfortunately, it's getting worse.

*Present berterusan - penolakan dan persoalan* Untuk membentuk penolakan, letakkan "not"sebelum kata kerja utama. "He is not sleeping." "You are not eating." Buat soalan dengan meletakkan *am, is,* atau *are* *di hadapan subjek* . "Is he sleeping?" "Are you eating?"

He is not sleeping.

Dia tidak tidur.

He is not sleeping right now.

right now

sekarang juga

The children aren't sleeping right now.

to shop

membeli-belah

I am not shopping right now.

Is it raining?

Adakah hari hujan?

Is it raining there?

to make a pizza

membuat piza

I'm not making a pizza, I'm making pasta.

Is he making progress?

Adakah dia menunjukkan kemajuan?

Is she getting worse?

Adakah keadaan dia semakin teruk?

to look

melihat

Are you looking?

to work

bekerja

They are not working.

Are you beginning right now?

Adakah anda sedang bermula sekarang?

*Present simple tense vs Present continuous tense* Anda sudah tahu bahawa kita menggunakan present simple tense apabila kita bercakap tentang *sesuatu yang berulang* atau tentang *tabiat* kita dan *perkara yang kita suka* . "I go to the gym every week." "I like pizza." Kita menggunakan *present continuous tense* apabila kita bercakap tentang sesuatu yang sedang berlaku *sekarang.* Kata isyarat dengan berterusan sekarang: "right now", "now", "at the moment", "today" "He is singing right now." "We are at school at the moment."

I like these shoes.

Saya suka kasut ini.

I've been wearing these shoes for months and I still like them.

every day

setiap hari

I go to school every day. Do you go to work every day? - Yes l go to work every day.

to study for an exam

mengulang kaji pelajaran untuk peperiksaan

I am not studying for the exam now.

a lot

banyak

Do you study a lot? - Yes I study lot.

to listen

mendengar

I like to listen to my favorite songs in the car.

Are you listening to me?

Awak dengar tak apa saya cakap?

to fall

jatuh

Do not fall!

the star

bintang

Look at the star.

A star is falling down!

Tahi bintang sedang jatuh!

Look! A star is falling down!

They are working now.

Mereka sedang bekerja sekarang.

Does it snow often here?

Adakah salji sering turun di sini?

to drive

memandu

My mother is driving to work right now.

I'm driving right now.

Saya sedang memandu sekarang.

I don't drive.

Saya tidak memandu.

I don't drive when I'm sleepy.

*Nombor Kardinal* Nombor kardinal biasanya digunakan apabila anda: mengira perkara: "I have two brothers." berikan umur anda: "I am ten years old." berikan nombor telefon anda: "My phone number is two-six-three, three-eight-four-seven." berikan tahun: "It happened in nineteen seventy-five (1975)." 1 - "one" 2 - "two" 3 - "three" 4 - "four" 5 - "five" 6 - "six" 7 - "seven" 8 - "eight" 9 - "nine" 10 - "ten"

I am seven years old.

Saya berumur tujuh tahun.

How old are you?

Berapakah umur anda?

five apples

lima biji epal

There are five apples in the kitchen.

siblings

adik-beradik

Do you have any siblings?

How many siblings do you have?

Berapakah bilangan adik-beradik yang anda ada?

I don't have any siblings.

Saya tidak mempunyai adik-beradik.

sister

kakak

I have one sister.

in two weeks

dalam masa dua minggu

They are going to visit us in two weeks.

He is leaving in two weeks.

Dia akan bertolak dalam masa dua minggu.

the piece

kepingan itu

a piece of cheese

Can you give me one piece?

Boleh bagi saya satu?

Can you give me one piece of cake?

*Bentuk perbandingan dan superlatif kata adjektif* Untuk membuat perbandingan, anda perlu menggunakan bentuk perbandingan dan superlatif kata adjektif. Sebagai contoh: "tall"- "taller"- "the tallest" "small"- "smaller"- "the smallest" *Perbandingan* digunakan apabila kita membandingkan beberapa kualiti dan ingin mengatakan bahawa sesuatu mempunyai kualiti yang lebih baik / lebih buruk, kita menggunakan *superlatif* apabila kita ingin menyatakan bahawa ia adalah yang terbaik dari semua. *Ingat untuk menambah artikel pasti apabila membentuk bentuk superlatif.* Gunakan "than"dengan *kata sifat perbandingan* apabila membandingkan dua perkara atau orang.

smaller

lebih kecil

The dog is smaller than the cat.

taller

lebih tinggi

I'm taller than you.

taller than me

lebih tinggi daripada saya

My brother is taller than me.

My father is taller than you.

Ayah saya lebih tinggi daripada awak.

puppy

anak anjing

The smallest puppy is so cute.

to look younger

kelihatan lebih muda

You look younger than your age.

You look younger.

Anda nampak lebih muda.

the youngest person

orang yang paling muda

The youngest person in the room.

hard

keras

She works hard.

We work harder.

Kami bekerja lebih keras.

We work harder than before.

the hardest thing

perkara yang paling sukar

What's the hardest thing in life?

*Perbandingan kata adjektif pendek* (kata adjektif satu suku kata dan kata adjektif dua suku kata berakhir dengan -y) Perbandingan: tambahkan pengakhiran *-er* : "smaller" Superlatif: tambahkan pengakhiran *-est* dan artikel *sebelum* kata sifat: "the smallest" *Gandakan huruf terakhir* jika kata adjektif berakhir dengan konsonan, vokal, konsonan: "big"- "bigger"- "the biggest" *Tukar Y kepada I* apabila kata adjektif itu berakhir dengan konsonan + Y "funny"- "funnier"- "the funniest"

My car is faster than yours.

Kereta saya lebih laju daripada kereta awak.

funny

lucu

I like funny people.

the joke

lawak itu

She could laugh and joke with her colleagues.

This is the funniest joke in the world.

Ini adalah lawak yang paling kelakar di dunia.

big

besar

Big eyes are beautiful.

Our house is bigger than yours.

Rumah kami lebih besar daripada rumah kamu.

hot

panas

It was hot inside the hall.

This is the hottest chilli pepper.

Ini adalah cili yang paling pedas.

nice

cantik

We had a nice time.

the place

tempat itu

The garden is a peaceful place.

We are moving to a nicer place.

Kami akan berpindah ke tempat yang lebih cantik.

wet

basah

He slipped on the wet rock.

the world

dunia

He tries to save the world.

What is the wettest place in the world?

Apakah tempat yang paling lembap di dunia?

*Perbandingan kata adjektif yang panjang* (2 kata adjektif suku kata - semua kecuali yang berakhiran -y dan kata adjektif 3 atau lebih suku kata) Untuk membentuk perbandingan, tambah LEBIH sebelum bentuk asas "more beautiful" Untuk membentuk superlatif, tambahkan rencana pasti dan perkataan PALING sebelum bentuk asas"the most beautiful" "It's more useful than you think." "That's the most complicated exam!"

She is the most beautiful woman.

Dia adalah wanita yang paling cantik.

more beautiful

lebih cantik

You are more beautiful than before.

expensive

mahal

That's the most expensive house.

This T-shirt is more expensive than the other one.

Baju T ini lebih mahal daripada yang satu lagi itu.

This book is more interesting than that one.

useful

berguna

Aspirin is useful for headaches.

It's more useful than you think.

Ia lebih berguna daripada apa yang anda fikirkan.

Reading books is more useful than you think.

stressful

memberi tekanan

This job is very stressful.

It is the most stressful exam.

Ia adalah peperiksaan yang paling memberi tekanan.

money

wang

I counted the money before putting it in my wallet.

important

penting

Your support is very important to me.

delicate

sensitif

His health is very delicate. (Jeho zdraví je velmi citlivé.)

Health is more important than money.

Kesihatan itu lebih penting daripada wang ringgit.

interesting

menarik

It was an interesting debate.

movie

filem

a movie star

This movie is more interesting.

Filem ini lebih menarik.

This movie is more interesting than the book.

clever

bijak

She is a clever and studious young woman.

My brother is the most clever person.

Abang saya adalah orang yang paling bijak.

My brother is the most clever person I know.

*Kata adjektif tidak teratur* Kita mesti menghafal bentuk kata adjektif yang tidak teratur. "good"- "better"- "the best" "bad"- "worse"- "the worst" "far"- "farther/further"- "the farthest/furthest" "little"- "less"- "the least" "much"- "more"- "the most" "It will get better soon." "She is the best teacher in the world!"

I feel much better now.

Saya rasa jauh lebih baik sekarang.

Thanks for asking, I feel much better now.

the silence

kesunyian

The silence lasted for about a minute.

the anger

kemarahan

Anger showed in his face.

His silence was worse than his anger.

Diamnya itu lebih buruk daripada kemarahannya.

nervous

gugup

He is very nervous about the performance.

I feel less nervous.

Saya rasa kurang gementar.

I feel less nervous after meditation.

singer

penyanyi

Who is your favourite singer?

My sister is the best singer.

Kakak saya adalah penyanyi yang terbaik.

far

jauh

It was not too far away.

to expect

menjangkakan

We expect the best.

She walked farther than she expected.

Dia berjalan lebih jauh daripada yang dijangkakannya.

I thought the store was just around the corner, but I ended up walking farther than I expected.

*Frasa dalam past simple tense* Past simple tense digunakan untuk bercakap tentang tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lalu. Untuk membentuk past simple tense, anda biasanya menambah "-ed"pada bentuk dasar kata kerja biasa. Sebagai contoh: "She walked to the store" "He watched TV last night." "to talk"- "talked" "to walk"- "walked" "to watch"- "watched" "to cook"- "cooked" "to visit"- "visited"

We talked.

Kami telah berbual.

We talked about it last night.

I walked there

Saya berjalan kaki ke sana.

I walked there for hours

together

bersama-sama

Children play together.

They walked together.

Mereka berjalan bersama-sama.

They walked together to school.

We watched TV together.

Kami menonton TV bersama-sama.

We watched TV together yesterday.

to cook dinner

memasak makan malam

My mum cooked dinner for me.

She cooked dinner.

Dia telah memasak makan malam.

She cooked dinner for the children.

to visit

melawat

You can visit us later.

He visited us for dinner.

Dia datang melawat kami untuk makan malam.

I visited my grandparents for the weekend.

*Bentuk lampau yang tidak teratur* Terdapat banyak bentuk lampau yang tidak teratur dalam bahasa Inggeris yang perlu anda ingat. Mari kita lihat dua kata kerja penting dan bentuk lampau mudahnya! "to do"- "did"- "I did my homework." "to make"- "made"- "I made pizza."

We did it!

Kita berjaya melakukannya!

the dinner

makan malam tersebut

What's for dinner?

She made dinner.

Dia telah menyediakan makan malam.

She made him a simple dinner.

Children did the homework.

Kanak-kanak telah menyiapkan kerja sekolah.

to make an effort

berusaha

We have to make an effort.

to finish

menyiapkan

We are finishing soon.

I made an effort to finish my work.

Saya telah berusaha untuk menyiapkan kerja saya.

the jam

jem tersebut

My mom made a delicious jam.

from

dari

She made jam from the apples.

Dia membuat jem daripada epal itu.

*Mudah lepas untuk TO BE* Untuk subjek tunggal, kala lampau mudah bagi *be* ialah "was". Untuk subjek jamak (dan tunggal anda), kala lepas mudah ialah "were". "I was at school yesterday." "You were at home." Dalam ayat negatif, tambahkan kata keterangan *not* dan letakkan *selepas perkataan was/were* . Ingat bahawa kebanyakan masa bentuk yang dipendekkan digunakan dalam ayat negatif: "wasn't"= "was not"/ "weren't"= "were not". "I wasn't at school yesterday." "You weren't at home."

I was there.

Saya pernah ke sana.

I was there yesterday.

at home

di rumah

You weren't at home when I came.

We were happy.

Kami gembira.

We were happy while we were together.

They were together.

Mereka bersama.

They were together all night.

tired

penat

I was very tired this morning.

He was tired.

Dia penat.

He was tired yesterday.

She was at school.

Dia berada di sekolah.

She was at school yesterday.

to be sure

yakin

I'm not sure about it.

I wasn't sure about it.

Saya tidak pasti tentang perkara itu.

yesterday

semalam

The children were at school yesterday.

*Kata ganti nama refleksif* Kita sering menggunakan kata ganti nama refleksif apabila subjek dan objek kata kerja adalah sama. Juga apabila kita ingin menunjukkan bahawa kita (atau orang lain) melakukan sesuatu. Tunggal: "myself"(saya) "yourself"(anda) "himself"(dia) "herself"(dia) "itself"(itu) Jamak: "ourselves"(kami) "yourselves"(kamu) "themselves"(mereka) "I did it myself." "We did it ourselves." "I cut myself."

I made the pizza myself.

Saya sendiri yang membuat piza itu.

He was impressed that I made the pizza myself instead of ordering takeout.

to hear

mendengar

He did not want to hear it.

Do you hear yourself?

Awak dengar tak apa yang awak cakap?

themselves

sendiri

They did the homework themselves.

to ourselves

untuk diri kita sendiri

We have the house to ourselves.

to talk

bercakap

The two are talking.

He talks to himself.

Dia bercakap dengan diri sendiri.

I washed the car myself.

Saya mencuci kereta itu sendiri.

to wish

berharap

We wish for peace.

Wish yourself good luck.

Ucapkan selamat maju jaya kepada diri sendiri.

*Bercakap tentang Masa* Kami menggunakan kata depan masa ini: "at", "in", dan "on". Kami gunakan "at"untuk memberikan masa tertentu: "at 3 o'clock", "at noon", "at the moment" Kami menggunakan "in"untuk bulan, tahun, abad dan tempoh yang panjang: "in winter", "in April", "in 1990" Kami gunakan "on"untuk hari dan tarikh: "on Monday", "on the 6th of March"

on Sunday

pada hari Ahad

Do you want to go out on Sunday?

at the moment

buat masa ini

I'm not in the office at the moment.

necessary

perlu

It's not necessary for you to be here.

At the moment it's not necessary.

Buat masa ini ia tidak diperlukan.

at 3 o'clock

pada pukul 3

The class starts at 3 o'clock.

in summer

pada musim panas

The sun shines in summer.

It rains a lot in autumn.

Hujan turun dengan lebat pada musim luruh.

I was born in ...

Saya dilahirkan pada tahun ...

I was born in 1999.

*Masa Depan - PERGI KE* Menyatakan rancangan atau niat yang telah diputuskan atau ramalan logik untuk masa hadapan. Kata isyarat: "in one year" "next week" "next year" "next month" "tomorrow" "soon", dan lain-lain. "I am going to meet my friend next week." "They are going to talk about his future tomorrow."

I am going to leave tomorrow.

Saya akan bertolak esok.

to miss (sth)

terlepas

Do not miss this! They are going to miss the bus.

They are going to miss the bus.

Mereka akan terlepas bas itu.

to talk about

bercakap tentang

We are going to talk about it.

soon

tidak lama lagi

I will be home soon.

I'm going to go soon.

Saya akan pergi tidak lama lagi.

to meet

berjumpa

I'm going to meet my friends.

next week

minggu depan

We are going to leave next week.

I am going to see a doctor tomorrow.

Saya akan berjumpa doktor esok.

*Masa depan - soalan dan penafian* Untuk membentuk penolakan, cuma tambah "not"sebelum "going to": "We are not going to sleep tonight." Untuk membentuk soalan, tukar subjek dengan kata kerja "to be": "Are you going to be there?"

Are you going to be there?

Awak akan ada di sana ke?

the tea

teh itu

Do you drink tea?

the coffee

kopi itu

I want a cup of coffee.

Are you going to drink coffee or tea?

Adakah anda mahu minum kopi atau teh?

to believe

percaya

I believe in destiny.

You are not going to believe this.

Awak pasti takkan percaya hal ini.

to buy

membeli

Buy me a bread, please.

the motorcycle

motosikal itu

He drives a motorcycle.

atau

Do you prefer coffee or tea?

Are you going to buy a car or a motorcycle?

Adakah anda akan membeli kereta atau motosikal?

*Kata adverba* Kata adverba ialah perkataan yang mengubah suai (menghuraikan) kata kerja, kata adjektif, kata keterangan lain atau malah ayat keseluruhan, contohnya: "very", "really", "too", dsb. Contoh: "He is very tall." "I really like him." "The dress is too expensive." "Fortunately, I brought an umbrella."

very

sangat

You look very tired.