初学者课程 (A1/A2)英语单词

by DuoCards

欢迎来到初学者课程！本课程将引导您了解基础知识，并帮助您在日常生活中使用英语！您将学习如何造句、使用基本时态，并通过实用的日常词汇来扩展您的词汇量。在我们深入学习之前，让我们先用一些有用的单词和短语来热身，帮助您开始！

to change

改变

I need to change my clothes.

to improve

改进

I want to improve my English skills.

I want to improve my English.

我想提高我的英语水平。

The weather can change quickly.

天气变化很快。

to forget

忘记

She forgot to call her friend.

Don’t forget your umbrella.

别忘了带伞。

an umbrella

一把雨伞

I always carry an umbrella in my bag.

I changed my job last year.

我去年换了工作。

I always forget my keys.

我总是忘记带钥匙。

to prefer

更喜欢

I prefer tea to coffee.

to need

需要

I need a pencil to write my homework.

I need help.

我需要帮助。

I need help with my math homework.

*欢迎参加初级课程！* 让我们从动词"can" 开始。使用"can" 来谈论*可能性*或*能力。*在使用 can 时，一定要搭配另一个动词。您可以使用"can" 来构成简短的回答，例如本例： "Can you speak English?" -"Yes, I can." "I can" = 我能做某事。/ 我知道某件事对我来说是可能的，例如："I can dance very well."

I can do it!

我能行！

I have studied hard for the exam, and I can do it!

Can you?

你会吗？

Can you do that for me?

Yes, you can!

是的，你能做到！

Can I do it? - Yes, you can!

to repeat

请再说一遍？

Can you repeat it after me?

I can't speak Spanish.

我不会说西班牙语。

I can't speak Spanish very well.

They can sing.

他们会唱歌。

My friends can sing all the popular songs.

Can you see

你看到了吗？

Can you see the man over there?

*可以在负* 要组成否定句，在 can 后加上"not" ，组成一个单词（can not = can't）。让我们学习新动词！ "to repeat" "to sing" "to swim"

He can't sing.

他不会唱歌。

to sing

唱歌

I love to sing.

to swim

游泳

He can't swim.

他不会游泳。

He can't swim, so he prefers to stay by the pool.

Can you repeat it, please?

请再说一遍好吗？

They can swim, but I can't.

他们会游泳，但我不会。

*宾语代词* 宾语代词是指*被动接收动作的*人或物。它通常出现在动词或介词之后。例如 "I spend a lot of time with my family. I love them so much." *(他们*代替了*我的家人*）。宾语代词 "me" "you" "him" "her" "us" "them"

I love you.

我爱你。

I love you very much.

Can you see him?

你看到他了吗？

Can you see him standing over there?

to tell

说

Can you tell me what you think?

Tell me.

告诉我吧。

Tell me what you see.

Tell me what you think.

说说你的看法吧。

Tell me what you think about the idea.

to ask

询问

People always ask questions.

about

关于

I am thinking about you.

Ask her about them.

问问她关于他们.

Ask her about her day.

The book is about us.

这本书是关于我们的。

They made a movie about us.

*现在进行时* 现在进行时使用谈论正在发生的事情时。使用助动词"to be" 的正确形式，并在动词后加上词尾*-ing*。 "He is sleeping." "You are eating."

My brother is eating.

我哥哥正在吃东西。

My brother is eating a pizza.

It is raining.

下雨了。

It is raining today.

to sleep

睡觉

She is sleeping.

to travel

旅游

I love to travel to new places.

They are traveling.

他们在旅途中。

to fight

战斗

My brothers are fighting.

我的兄弟们正在打架。

My brothers are fighting.

to draw

绘画

He can draw a map.

the picture

图片

The picture is beautiful.

My children are drawing a picture.

我的孩子们正在画画。

She is drawing a picture.

the window

窗户

Open the window, please.

grandma

奶奶

My grandma is very nice.

to look out of the window

向窗外看

My grandma is looking out of the window

*结尾有时会改变* 动词的词尾在现在进行中有时会改变。当动词以*"e*"结尾时，去掉 "*e*"，加上"*-ing*"："make" -"making" 当*单音节动词以元音+辅音结尾*时，将最后的辅音加倍并加上*ing*： "swim" -"swimming" 当动词以*元音 + 辅音结尾，且重音在最后一个*音节时，将辅音加倍并加上*ing*： "begin" -"beginning" 如果重音不在最后一个*音节*上，则*不要*在*一个以上*音节的单词中加*倍辅音*："remember" -"remembering"

We are making progress!

我们正在取得进展！

Are we making progress?

to move

搬家

He is moving to Spain.

We are moving.

我们要搬家了。

We are moving next summer.

She is swimming.

她在游泳。

She is swimming in the sea.

to begin with

首先

We should begin with the hardest task.

I'm beginning with this.

我从这个开始。

I'm beginning with this task.

to get worse

恶化

The weather is starting to get worse.

It's getting worse.

情况越来越糟了。

Unfortunately, it's getting worse.

*现在进行时 - 否定句和疑问句* 要构成否定，将"not" 放在主要动词之前。 "He is not sleeping." "You are not eating." 要构成疑问句，将*am、is*或*are*放在*主语前*。 "Is he sleeping?" "Are you eating?"

He is not sleeping.

他没在睡觉。

He is not sleeping right now.

right now

就在现在

The children aren't sleeping right now.

to shop

购物

I am not shopping right now.

Is it raining?

下雨了吗？

Is it raining there?

to make a pizza

做披萨

I'm not making a pizza, I'm making pasta.

Is he making progress?

他有进步吗？

Is she getting worse?

她的情况在恶化吗？

to look

看一看

Are you looking?

to work

工作

They are not working.

Are you beginning right now?

你现在就要开始吗？

*一般现在时与现在进行时* 你已经知道，谈论*重复的事情*或*我们的习惯*和*我们喜欢的东西*时，我们会使用一般现在时。 "I go to the gym every week." "I like pizza." 谈论正在发生的事情时，我们使用*现在进行时。现在进行时的词语搭配："right now","now","at the moment", "today" "He is singing right now." "We are at school at the moment."

I like these shoes.

我喜欢这些鞋子。

I've been wearing these shoes for months and I still like them.

every day

每天

I go to school every day. Do you go to work every day? - Yes l go to work every day.

to study for an exam

为考试复习

I am not studying for the exam now.

a lot

很多

Do you study a lot? - Yes I study lot.

to listen

听

I like to listen to my favorite songs in the car.

Are you listening to me?

你在听我说话吗？

to fall

掉下

Do not fall!

the star

星星

Look at the star.

A star is falling down!

看，流星！

Look! A star is falling down!

They are working now.

他们现在正在工作。

Does it snow often here?

这里经常下雪吗？

to drive

驾驶

My mother is driving to work right now.

I'm driving right now.

我正在开车。

I don't drive.

我不开车。

I don't drive when I'm sleepy.

*红衣主教数字* 通常在下列情况下使用枢机数字数东西："I have two brothers." 报年龄"I am ten years old." 给出电话号码："My phone number is two-six-three, three-eight-four-seven." 报岁数"It happened in nineteen seventy-five (1975)." 1 -"one" 2 -"two" 3 -"three" 4 -"four" 5 -"five" 6 -"six" 7 -"seven" 8 -"eight" 9 -"nine" 10 -"ten"

I am seven years old.

我今年七岁了。

How old are you?

你多大了？

five apples

五个苹果

There are five apples in the kitchen.

siblings

兄弟姐妹

Do you have any siblings?

How many siblings do you have?

你有几个兄弟姐妹？

I don't have any siblings.

我没有任何兄弟姐妹。

sister

姐妹

I have one sister.

in two weeks

两周后

They are going to visit us in two weeks.

He is leaving in two weeks.

他两周后离开。

the piece

这个部件

a piece of cheese

Can you give me one piece?

你能给我一个吗？

Can you give me one piece of cake?

*形容词的比较级和最高级的形式* 要进行比较，你需要使用形容词的比较形式和高级形式。例如： "tall" -"taller" -"the tallest" "small" -"smaller" -"the smallest" 比较某些质量并想说某样东西的质量更好或更差时，就使用*比较*形式；表达它是在所有形容词中最好的，就使用*最高级*形式。 *记住，在构成 "最高级 "的形式时要加上定冠词。* 在比较两个事物或人时，使用"than" 和*比较形容词*。

smaller

较小

The dog is smaller than the cat.

taller

更高

I'm taller than you.

taller than me

比我高

My brother is taller than me.

My father is taller than you.

我父亲比你高。

puppy

小狗

The smallest puppy is so cute.

to look younger

显年轻

You look younger than your age.

You look younger.

你看起来更年轻了。

the youngest person

最年轻的人

The youngest person in the room.

hard

用力地

She works hard.

We work harder.

我们工作更努力。

We work harder than before.

the hardest thing

最难的事情

What's the hardest thing in life?

*短的容词的比较* (单音节形容词和以"-y "结尾的双音节形容词) 比较：加上词尾*-er*："smaller" 高级：在形容词前加上词尾*-est*和定冠词*the*："the smallest" 如果形容词以辅音、元音、辅音结尾，就需要*加倍最后一个字母*： "big" -"bigger" -"the biggest" 如果形容词以辅音 + Y 结尾，*将 Y 改为 I* "funny" -"funnier" - 将 "Y "改为 "I"。"the funniest"

My car is faster than yours.

我的车比你的快。

funny

搞笑的

I like funny people.

the joke

这个笑话

She could laugh and joke with her colleagues.

This is the funniest joke in the world.

这是世界上最搞笑的笑话。

big

大的

Big eyes are beautiful.

Our house is bigger than yours.

我们的房子比你们的大。

hot

烫

It was hot inside the hall.

This is the hottest chilli pepper.

这是最辣的辣椒。

nice

漂亮

We had a nice time.

the place

地方

The garden is a peaceful place.

We are moving to a nicer place.

我们要搬到一个环境更好的地方。

wet

潮湿

He slipped on the wet rock.

the world

世界

He tries to save the world.

What is the wettest place in the world?

世界上最潮湿的地方在哪里？

*长的容词的比较* (2 个音节的形容词 - 除了以 -y 结尾的形容词和 3 个或更多音节的形容词一外的所有形容词）要组成比较级，在基本形式前加上 MORE"more beautiful" 要组成高级形容词，在基本形式前加上定冠词和单词 MOST"the most beautiful" "It's more useful than you think." "That's the most complicated exam!"

She is the most beautiful woman.

她是最美丽的女人。

more beautiful

更漂亮

You are more beautiful than before.

expensive

昂贵

That's the most expensive house.

This T-shirt is more expensive than the other one.

这件T恤比那件贵。

This book is more interesting than that one.

useful

有用

Aspirin is useful for headaches.

It's more useful than you think.

这比你想象的更有用。

Reading books is more useful than you think.

stressful

压力大的

This job is very stressful.

It is the most stressful exam.

这是压力最大的一场考试。

money

钱

I counted the money before putting it in my wallet.

important

重要

Your support is very important to me.

delicate

敏感的

His health is very delicate. (Jeho zdraví je velmi citlivé.)

Health is more important than money.

健康比金钱更重要。

interesting

有趣

It was an interesting debate.

movie

电影

a movie star

This movie is more interesting.

这部电影更有趣。

This movie is more interesting than the book.

clever

聪明

She is a clever and studious young woman.

My brother is the most clever person.

我哥哥是最聪明的人。

My brother is the most clever person I know.

*不规则形容词* 我们必须记住不规则形容词的形式。 "good" -"better" -"the best" "bad" -"worse" -"the worst" "far" -"farther/further" -"the farthest/furthest" "little" -"less" -"the least" "much" -"more" -"the most" "It will get better soon." "She is the best teacher in the world!"

I feel much better now.

我现在感觉好多了。

Thanks for asking, I feel much better now.

the silence

寂静

The silence lasted for about a minute.

the anger

愤怒

Anger showed in his face.

His silence was worse than his anger.

他的沉默比他的愤怒更可怕。

nervous

紧张

He is very nervous about the performance.

I feel less nervous.

我不那么紧张了。

I feel less nervous after meditation.

singer

歌手

Who is your favourite singer?

My sister is the best singer.

我姐姐是最好的歌手。

far

遥远

It was not too far away.

to expect

期待

We expect the best.

She walked farther than she expected.

她走得比预想的还要远。

I thought the store was just around the corner, but I ended up walking farther than I expected.

*过去式短语* 过去简单时态用于谈论过去完成的动作。要构成过去简单时态，通常要在普通动词的基本形式后加上"-ed" 。例如 "She walked to the store" "He watched TV last night." "to talk" -"talked" "to walk" "walked" "to watch" "watched" "to cook" "cooked" "to visit" "visited"

We talked.

我们聊了聊。

We talked about it last night.

I walked there

我是走路去那里的。

I walked there for hours

together

在一起

Children play together.

They walked together.

他们一起走。

They walked together to school.

We watched TV together.

我们一起看了电视。

We watched TV together yesterday.

to cook dinner

做晚饭

My mum cooked dinner for me.

She cooked dinner.

她做了晚饭。

She cooked dinner for the children.

to visit

访问

You can visit us later.

He visited us for dinner.

他来我们家吃晚饭了。

I visited my grandparents for the weekend.

*不规则过去式* 英语中有很多不规则的过去式形式你需要记住。下面有两个重要的动词及其过去式形式！ "to do" -"did" -"I did my homework." "to make" -"made" -"I made pizza."

We did it!

我们做到了！

the dinner

晚餐

What's for dinner?

She made dinner.

她做了晚饭。

She made him a simple dinner.

Children did the homework.

孩子们做了作业。

to make an effort

做出努力

We have to make an effort.

to finish

完成

We are finishing soon.

I made an effort to finish my work.

我努力完成了我的工作。

the jam

果酱

My mom made a delicious jam.

from

从

She made jam from the apples.

她用这些苹果做了果酱。

*TO BE 的过去式* 对于单数主语，*be*的过去式是"was" 。对于复数主语（和单数 you），be 的过去式是"were" 。 "I was at school yesterday." "You were at home." 在否定句中，加上副词*not*，放在*was/were 后面*。请记住，在大多数情况下，否定句中使用的是简写："wasn't" = "was not" / "weren't" ="were not" 。 "I wasn't at school yesterday." "You weren't at home."

I was there.

我当时在那儿。

I was there yesterday.

at home

在家

You weren't at home when I came.

We were happy.

我们那时很快乐。

We were happy while we were together.

They were together.

他们在一起。

They were together all night.

tired

累

I was very tired this morning.

He was tired.

他累了。

He was tired yesterday.

She was at school.

她在学校。

She was at school yesterday.

to be sure

确定

I'm not sure about it.

I wasn't sure about it.

我对此不太确定。

yesterday

昨天

The children were at school yesterday.

*反身代词* 如果动词的主语和宾语相同，我们就经常使用反身代词。此外我们想指出我们（或其他人）做了某事的时候，也会使用反身代词。单数："myself" (I)"yourself" (you)"himself" (he)"herself" (she)"itself" (it) 复数："ourselves" (we)"yourselves" (you)"themselves" (they) "I did it myself." "We did it ourselves." "I cut myself."

I made the pizza myself.

这披萨是我亲手做的。

He was impressed that I made the pizza myself instead of ordering takeout.

to hear

听见

He did not want to hear it.

Do you hear yourself?

你听听你自己说的话？

themselves

他们自己

They did the homework themselves.

to ourselves

给我们自己

We have the house to ourselves.

to talk

说话

The two are talking.

He talks to himself.

他在自言自语。

I washed the car myself.

我自己洗了车。

to wish

希望

We wish for peace.

Wish yourself good luck.

祝你自己好运。

*谈论时间* 我们使用这些时间介词："at","in", 和"on" 。我们使用"at" 来给出具体时间："at 3 o'clock"、"at noon"、"at the moment" 。我们用 "in" 表示月、年、世纪和长时间："in winter"、"in April"、"in 1990" 我们使用 "on" 来表示日子和日期："on Monday"、"on the 6th of March"

on Sunday

在星期日

Do you want to go out on Sunday?

at the moment

目前

I'm not in the office at the moment.

necessary

必要的

It's not necessary for you to be here.

At the moment it's not necessary.

目前没有必要。

at 3 o'clock

在三点钟

The class starts at 3 o'clock.

in summer

在夏天

The sun shines in summer.

It rains a lot in autumn.

秋天经常下雨。

I was born in ...

我出生于……

I was born in 1999.

*未来 - 去* 表示已经决定的计划或意图，或对未来的逻辑预测。表示未来的词： "in one year" "next week" "next year" "next month" "tomorrow" "soon"等。 "I am going to meet my friend next week." "They are going to talk about his future tomorrow."

I am going to leave tomorrow.

我明天要走了。

to miss (sth)

错过

Do not miss this! They are going to miss the bus.

They are going to miss the bus.

他们要赶不上公共汽车了。

to talk about

谈论

We are going to talk about it.

soon

很快

I will be home soon.

I'm going to go soon.

我很快就要走了。

to meet

遇见

I'm going to meet my friends.

next week

下周

We are going to leave next week.

I am going to see a doctor tomorrow.

我明天要去医院看病。

*未来--疑问句和否定句* 要组成否定句，只需在"going to" 前加上"not"： "We are not going to sleep tonight." 要构成疑问句，互换主语与动词"to be"： "Are you going to be there?"

Are you going to be there?

你会去那里吗？

the tea

茶

Do you drink tea?

the coffee

咖啡

I want a cup of coffee.

Are you going to drink coffee or tea?

您要喝咖啡还是茶？

to believe

相信

I believe in destiny.

You are not going to believe this.

你绝对不会相信这件事。

to buy

购买

Buy me a bread, please.

the motorcycle

摩托车

He drives a motorcycle.

或者

Do you prefer coffee or tea?

Are you going to buy a car or a motorcycle?

你打算买汽车还是摩托车？

*副词* 副词是修饰（描述）动词、形容词、另一个副词甚至整个句子的词，例如："very","really","too", 等等。例子 "He is very tall." "I really like him." "The dress is too expensive." "Fortunately, I brought an umbrella."

very

非常

You look very tired.