Kurz pre úplných začiatočníkov (A1)Anglické slová

*Vitajte na kurze pre úplných začiatočníkov!* Tento kurz vás prevedie základmi angličtiny. Pomôže vám pochopiť základnú gramatiku a zároveň vám predstaví užitočné frázy a kľúčovú slovnú zásobu pre každodenné situácie. Začneme základnými výrazmi, ako sú pozdravy a poďakovanie. Poďme na to!
Hello!
Ahoj!
Hello and welcome to the course.
My name is...
Moje meno je...
My name is Paul.
Thank you!
Ďakujem
Thank you for your help!
please
prosím
Could you please help me with my homework?
How are you?
Ako sa máš?
How are you today?
I am fine.
Mám sa dobre!
How are you? - I am fine!
Excuse me?
prepáčte / s dovolením
Excuse me, are you John?
I don't understand.
Nerozumiem.
sorry
prepáč
I'm sorry.
a name
meno
What is your name?
What's your name?
Ako sa voláš?
good
dobrý
The weather is good.
bad
zlý
The weather is bad.
Goodbye!
Dovidenia!
Goodbye! I hope to see you soon.
*Odkiaľ ste?* Je dôležité vedieť, ako povedať, odkiaľ ste. Môžete odpovedať dvoma spôsobmi: "I am from..." "I come from..." "Where are you from?" "I am from Spain." alebo "I come from Spain."
Where are you from?
Odkiaľ ste?
Where are you from? - I am from Germany.
I am from ...
Som z ...
Where are you from? - I am from France.
I come from...
Pochádzam z...
I come from Canada.
Coffee, please.
Kávu, prosím.
Can I get a coffee, please?
Yes, please!
Áno, prosím!
Would you like some water? - Yes, please!
the friends
priatelia
I like my friends.
Yes or no?
Áno alebo nie?
Do you want to go to the park? Yes or no?
to like
mať rád
I like ice cream.
also
tiež
Juan is also from Chile.
small
malý
Ukraine is not small.
big
veľký
Canada is big.
a country
krajina
I like my country.
I am from a small country.
Pochádzam z malej krajiny.
Peter is from a big country.
*Sloveso BYŤ* Pozrite sa na tvary slovesa "TO BE" v prvých troch osobách: Takto to vyzerá: "I am" "you are" "he/she/it is" Všimnite si, že "I" sa *vždy píše s veľkým písmenom*.
You are beautiful.
Si krásna.
Everyone thinks you are beautiful.
He is a man.
Je to muž.
He is a tall man.
She is a woman.
Je to žena.
She is a beautiful woman.
to live in
žiť v
We live in a big house.
You live in a house.
Žijete v dome.
I live in a house with my family.
Are you Paul?
Ste Paul?
Excuse me, are you Paul?
I am not Paul. I am John.
Ja nie som Paul. Ja som Ján.
my friend
môj kamarát/kamarátka
You are my best friend.
He is my friend.
Je to môj kamarát.
He is my best friend.
I am fine, thank you.
Mám sa dobre, ďakujem.
I'm good, thanks.
*Jednu kávu, prosím!* Natrafili ste na svojich cestách na útulnú kaviareň? Poďme sa naučiť, ako si objednať kávu alebo požiadať o účet.
coffee with milk
káva s mliekom
Can I have a coffee with milk, please?
a café
kaviareň
A woman in the café asked for a coffee.
Can I see the menu, please?
Môžem poprosiť jedálny lístok?
How much is it?
Koľko to stojí?
How much is the coffee, please?
One cappuccino, please.
Jedno cappuccino, prosím.
Can I have one cappuccino, please?
tea
čaj
I would like a cup of tea, please.
a cup of tea with sugar
šálka čaju s cukrom
Can I have a tea with sugar, please?
a coffee to go
káva so sebou
I'll have a coffee to go, please.
Can I have a coffee to go?
Môžem si dať kávu so sebou?
a cake
torta
Can I have a slice of cake?
Can I also get a slice of cake, please?
Môžem dostať aj kúsok torty, prosím?
It was delicious!
Bolo to vynikajúce!
The cake was delicious!
Can I have the bill, please?
Môžem poprosiť účet?
a bank card
banková karta
Can I pay by card, please?
cash
hotovosť
They only accept cash.
Can I pay by card?
Môžem platiť kartou?
Sorry, we only accept cash.
Prepáčte, ale prijímame iba hotovosť.
*Neurčité a určité členy* "a dog" - Neurčitý člen používame vtedy, keď nehovoríme o konkrétnej veci. Neurčitý člen používame aj vtedy, keď o niečom hovoríme prvýkrát. Napríklad: "There is a dog." Neurčitý člen sa používa len pri slovách v jednotnom čísle, *množné číslo neurčitý člen nemá.* "the car" - Určitý člen používame, keď hovoríme o niečom alebo niekom, čo sme už predtým spomenuli, alebo keď je z kontextu jasné, o čom alebo o kom hovoríme. Napríklad: "The car is big." "The dog that attacked me ran away."
a dog
pes
I want to have a dog.
a man
muž
There is a man.
a woman
žena
A woman in the café ordered a cappuccino.
and
a
A mother and a child.
a man and a dog
muž a pes
I can see a man and a dog.
a child
dieťa
The woman has a child.
to play
hrať
The children play football outside.
The child plays.
Dieťa sa hrá.
The child plays with the car.
a garden
záhrada
We have a big garden.
They play in the garden.
Hrajú sa v záhrade.
Every afternoon, the children play in the garden.
*Kedy používame AN namiesto A?* Ak sa slovo začína spoluhláskou, používame tvar "a". Ak sa slovo začína samohláskou, používame tvar "an". "a pen" "an apple"
an apple
jablko
There is an apple.
to eat
jesť
The man is eating an apple.
He eats an apple.
On je jablko.
He eats an apple every day.
an hour
hodina
I had to wait for more than an hour.
It's a boy
Je to chlapec
a teacher
učiteľ
I like my teacher.
She is a teacher.
Ona je učiteľka.
*Prítomný čas jednoduchý* Použitie: Keď chceme vyjadriť zvyky, opakované činnosti, všeobecné pravdy, emócie a želania. V angličtine majú všetky osoby rovnaký tvar, okrem 3. osoby jednotného čísla. Vo väčšine prípadov sa v 3. osobe jednotného čísla pridáva prípona *-s*: "I live in Prague." "My sister lives in London."
I drink
Pijem
I drink coffee every day.
He eats healthy.
Stravuje sa zdravo.
He eats healthy to stay fit and strong.
You eat pizza.
Ješ pizzu.
I eat cake.
she sleeps
Spí
She sleeps 8 hours a day.
we go
Ideme
We go to the cinema once a month.
She goes alone.
Ide sama.
She goes alone to the store.
I read
Čítam
I read a book every night before bed.
He reads a book.
Číta knihu.
They read a lot.
Veľa čítajú.
They read a lot of books.
*Koncovky sa niekedy menia* Ak sloveso končí na *-y*, ktoré nasleduje po spoluhláske, pre 3. osobu jednotného čísla odstránime *-y* a pridáme *-ies*: "I study English." "He studies English." Ak sloveso končí na *-sh*, *-ch*, *-x*, *-o*, *-ss*, *-zz*, pridávame v 3. osobe jednotného čísla príponu *-es*: "I wash my hands." "He washes his hands."
She studies a lot.
Veľa študuje.
She studies a lot to get good grades.
He studies English.
Študuje angličtinu.
to watch
pozerať
We watch the movie in the class.
a movie
film
The action scenes were not bad in the movie.
He watches movies.
Pozerá filmy.
She watches the dog.
Stráži psa.
She watches the dog every Friday.
to wash
umyť
I always wash my hands.
She washes the car.
Umýva auto.
She washes the car every Saturday.
He washes his hands.
Umýva si ruky.
The boy washes the apple.
Chlapec umýva jablko.
*Pýtanie sa na cestu* Ak sa počas cestovania stratíte alebo si nie ste niečím istí, neváhajte sa opýtať miestnych obyvateľov. Je to skvelý spôsob, ako si precvičiť jazyk. Tu je niekoľko fráz, ktoré vám pomôžu zvládnuť to s ľahkosťou.
Where is the bus station?
Kde sa nachádza autobusová stanica?
Do you know where the nearest bus station is?
bus station
autobusová stanica
The bus station is located near the park.
an airport
letisko
How much is a ticket to the airport?
Which bus goes to the airport?
Ktorý autobus ide na letisko?
Excuse me, which bus goes to the airport?
a train
vlak
The train arrives at 3 PM.
How do I get to the train station?
Ako sa dostanem na vlakovú stanicu?
I’m lost. How do I get to the train station?
I got lost.
Stratil som sa.
I got lost. Can you help me?
Can you help me?
Môžete mi pomôcť?
a shuttle bus
kyvadlový autobus
Is there a shuttle bus to the airport?
Where is the public bathroom?
Kde sú verejné toalety?
right
vpravo
Please turn right at the next corner.
left
vľavo
Turn left at the corner.
straight
priamo
Go straight, then turn left.
Go straight and then turn left.
Choďte rovno a potom odbočte doľava.
a street
ulica
She walked down the street.
the end of the street
koniec ulice
We need to walk to the end of the street to find the bus stop.
Turn right at the end of the street.
Na konci ulice odbočte doprava.
Where can I find a taxi?
Kde nájdem taxi?
Excuse me, where can I find a taxi?
to show
ukázať
I will show you my favorite café.
Can you show me on the map?
Môžete mi to ukázať na mape?
Can you show me on the map where the nearest restaurant is?
How long does it take to get there?
Ako dlho trvá, kým sa tam dostanete?
Can you tell me how long it takes to get to the airport?
*Časové výrazy v prítomnom čase jednoduchom* Tieto výrazy používajte na určenie toho, kedy alebo ako často niečo robíte. "often" "usually" "sometimes" "always" "never" "every day/week/year/"
usually
zvyčajne
He usually arrives home at about one o'clock.
every day
každý deň
I study every day.
I go to school every day.
Do školy chodím každý deň.
I go to school every day by bus.
on Saturday
v sobotu
What do you usually do on Saturday?
always
vždy
The sun always rises in the east.
a year
rok
He is four years old.
to travel abroad
cestovať do zahraničia
We travel abroad every year.
often
často
We often go to the cinema.
a month
mesiac
July is my favourite month.
He never says hi.
Nikdy nepozdraví.
I always say hi to him, but he never says hi back.
to smoke
fajčiť
My grandparents smoke every day.
She never smokes.
Ona nikdy nefajčí.
My sister is very health-conscious. She never smokes.
I practice English every day.
Angličtinu trénujem každý deň.
I practice English every day by reading books, watching movies, and speaking with native speakers.
*Sloveso MAŤ* Keďže toto sloveso je nepravidelné, existujú dva spôsoby jeho zápisu v prítomnom čase: "have" alebo "has", pričom rozhodnutie o použití jedného alebo druhého závisí od predmetu vety. "Has" používame v tretej osobe jednotného čísla. "I have" "you have" "he/she/it has" "we have" "you have" "they have"
We have two dogs.
Máme dvoch psov.
We have two dogs, a golden retriever and a poodle.
I have a child.
Mám dieťa.
You have a child.
You have a car.
Máš/máte auto.
You have a big car.
He has it.
Má to.
She has a book.
The teacher has a book.
Učiteľ má knihu.
I have a book.
an aunt
teta
My aunt has a small garden.
My aunt has three children.
Moja teta má tri deti.
My aunt has three children and they all have different personalities.
an uncle
strýko
My uncle has a small house.
My uncle has a small restaurant.
Môj strýko má malú reštauráciu.
beautiful eyes
krásne oči
You have beautiful blue eyes.
She has beautiful eyes.
Ona má krásne oči.
He has beautiful eyes.
*Tri hlavné pomocné slovesá* "Do", "be" a "have" sú tri hlavné *pomocné slovesá* v angličtine. Už poznáte sloveso "to have" (mať) a tvary slovesa "to be" (byť) v jednotnom čísle. Pre *množné číslo slovesa byť* si stačí zapamätať len jeden tvar "to be", ktorý je "are". Jednoduché, že? "I am" "you are" "he is" /"she is"/"it is" "we are" "you are" "they are"
You are my best friend.
Si môj najlepší priateľ.
I don't know what I would do without you. You are my best friend.
I am happy.
Som šťastný.
I am happy for you.
a colour
farba
What is your favorite colour?
Red is a beautiful colour.
Červená je krásna farba.
a student
študent
He is a very good student.
very good
veľmi dobrý
He is a very good boy.
My sister is a very good student.
Moja sestra je veľmi dobrá študentka.
He is a good boy.
Je to dobrý chlapec.
They are my friends.
Sú to moji priatelia.
They are my friends from school.
We are here.
Sme tu.
We are here to see my uncle.
We are from Austria.
Sme z Rakúska.
We are from Austria. Where are you from?
*Sloveso TO DO* Sloveso "to do" môže fungovať ako pomocné sloveso aj ako hlavné sloveso. Časuje sa nasledovne: "I do" "you do" "he/she/it does" "we do" "you do" "they do" Tak si to poďme vyskúšať!
I do it.
Ja to robím.
It's good to exercise—I do it every day to stay healthy.
You do it.
Robíš to.
You do it very well.
she does
ona robí
She does her homework every day.
a homework
domáca úloha
I do my homework everyday.
We do the homework.
Robíme domáce úlohy.
We do the homework after school.
a lot
veľa
I cook a lot.
yoga
joga
She does yoga to relax.
They do a lot of yoga.
Veľa sa venujú joge.
*Stretnutie s novými ľuďmi* V tejto časti sa budeme venovať tomu, ako sa predstaviť a klásť otázky, aby sme sa o druhých dozvedeli viac.
What is your name?
Ako sa voláš?
Hi! What is your name?
My name is Peter.
Volám sa Peter.
Nice to meet you!
Rád ťa spoznávam!
My name is Mary. And yours?
Volám sa Mary. A tvoje?
How old are you?
Koľko máš rokov?
I am 29 years old.
Mám 29 rokov.
I am 29 years old. And you?
Where do you come from?
Odkiaľ pochádzate?
I come from Egypt. Where do you come from?
Where do you live?
Kde bývate?
When I met my new friend, I asked, "Where do you live?"
What are your hobbies?
Aké sú vaše záľuby?
I like reading.
Rád čítam.
like reading in the evenings.
I love sports.
Milujem šport.
I love sports, especially basketball.
I like traveling.
Rád cestujem.
I like traveling to new places every summer.
What is your job?
Čo je vašou prácou?
I’m a dentist. What do you do for a living?
What do you do for living?
Čím sa živíte?
I'm curious, what do you do for a living?
I am an engineer.
Som inžinier.
I am a mechanical engineer.
I work as a teacher.
Pracujem ako učiteľ.
I work as a teacher in a primary school.
*Otázky* Pomocou slovesa "DO" môžeme vytvoriť *otázky*. Ak je vo vete, z ktorej chceme vytvoriť otázku, podmetom *on, ona* alebo *ono*, pridáme na začiatok vety namiesto 'DO' "DOES". Všimnite si, že *písmeno S, ktoré sa v oznamovacej vete nachádzalo na konci slovesa pri tretej osobe, v otázke zaniká.* Pre lepšie zapamätanie by sme mohli povedať, že je to preto, lebo prešlo do slovesa "DOES". Tu je niekoľko príkladov: "Do you work here?" "Do you like chocolate?" "Does she speak Spanish?" "Does it work?" Na tieto otázky možno odpovedať *áno alebo nie*. V otázkach, v ktorých sa používa *do/does*, je možné na priame otázky odpovedať krátko takto: "Do you speak English?" - "Yes, I do."
Does it work?
Funguje to?
Does it work for you?
to rain
pršať
It rains often here.
Does it rain?
Prší?
Does it rain often here?
an ice cream
zmrzlina
Chocolate ice cream is the best!
Do you like ice cream?
Máš rád zmrzlinu?
Do you speak English?
Hovoríš po anglicky?
Do you speak English? - Yes, I do.
Does she have a cat?
Má mačku?
Does she have a cat? - Yes, she does.
siblings
súrodenci
I have two siblings.
Do you have siblings?
Máš súrodencov?
Do you have siblings? - No, I don't.
Do you play soccer?
Hráš futbal?
Do you play soccer? - Yes, I do.
*Otázky s TO BE* Väčšina otázok so slovesom 'byť' sa tvorí *zmenou poradia slov* vo vete. Oznamovacia veta: predmet + am/is/are "She is from Spain." Otázka: Am/is/are + predmet "Is she from Spain?"
Are you all right?
Si v poriadku?
Are you all right? - Yes, I am.
Is it your dog?
Je to tvoj pes?
Am I right?
Mám pravdu?
I think the meeting is at 3 PM. Am I right?
Is he from England?
Je z Anglicka?
Is he from England or France?
Is she a teacher?
Je učiteľkou?
Are they siblings?
Sú to súrodenci?
Are they siblings or not?
at home
doma
We stay at home.
Are they at home?
Sú doma?
true
pravdivý
a true story
Is it true?
Je to pravda?
Is it true? - Yes, it is.
*WH otázky* WH otázky sú otázky, pri tvorení ktorých používame opytovacie slová ("what", "why", "where", "when", "whom", "whose", "how"). Sú to otázky, na ktoré nemožno odpovedať áno alebo nie. Pravidlá tvorby otázok sú rovnaké ako vyššie uvedené, s tým rozdielom, že na začiatku sa objavuje opytovacie slovo. "Where is he?" - "He is here." "What do they like?" - "They like pizza."
Where are you?
Kde si?
Where are you right now?
Who is it?
Kto je to?
When the phone rang, I asked, "Who is it?
It's my mother.
To je moja matka.
Who is it? - It's my mother.
to work
pracovať
Where does your sister work?
Why are you here?
Prečo si tu?
Why are you here now?
What time is it?
Koľko je hodín?
What time is it, please? Are we late?
When does the movie start?
Kedy sa začína film?
When does the movie start? - It starts in two hours.
How far is the cinema?
Ako ďaleko je kino?
How far is the cinema from here?
*Otázky typu HOW* "How" možno použiť s inými slovami na vytvorenie rôznych typov otázok, napríklad: "how far", "how long", "how many". Okrem nich sa "how" môže použiť *s prídavnými menami* na vytvorenie otázok, napr: "How difficult is it?" "How old is he?"
How much?
Koľko?
How much does the car cost?
the ticket
lístok
The ticket is too expensive.
How much is the ticket?
Koľko stojí lístok?
How much is it?
old
starý
The old man is very kind.
young
mladý
He is very young.
How old is your sister?
Koľko rokov má tvoja sestra?
How old is she? - She is very young.
How far is the park?
Ako ďaleko je ten park?
How far is the park from here?
How many apples do you want?
Koľko jabĺk chcete?
How long is the movie?
Ako dlho trvá ten film?
How often?
Ako často?
How often do you cook?
How often do you travel?
Ako často cestujete?
How often do you travel during the summer?
*Zápory* Zápory tvoríme tak, že za sloveso vložíme "not". Ak sú vo vete dve slovesá, vždy dávame "not" za prvé z nich. Tak ako v týchto príkladových vetách: "We do not work here." "She does not speak English." "They are not here." "I am not your friend." Nápoveda: *don't* je skrátená forma slovesa *do not*, rovnako ako *aren't* je skrátená forma slovesa *are not* a *isn't* slovesa *is not*.
I do not drive.
Nešoférujem.
I do not drive the bus.
He doesn't work.
Nepracuje.
angry
nahnevaný
He is angry.
We aren't angry.
Nie sme nahnevaní.
not bad
nie je zlý
The movie is not bad.
The food is not bad.
Jedlo nie je zlé.
The food is not bad at the restaurant.
I don't like pizza.
Nemám rád pizzu.
We don't like ice cream.
Nemáme radi zmrzlinu.
at school
v škole
She isn't at school.
She isn't at school.
Nie je v škole.
Where is she? She isn't at school.
They aren't at home.
Nie sú doma.
I don't play the piano.
Nehrám na klavíri.
to speak
rozprávať
Do you speak English?
We do not speak English.
Nehovoríme po anglicky.
We don't speak English.
*Opíšte osobu* Naučme sa, ako opísať osobu pomocou slovies "to have" a "to be", ktoré už poznáte, spolu s niekoľkými praktickými prídavnými menami.
He has long hair.
Má dlhé vlasy.
He has long beautiful hair.
She is very tall.
Je veľmi vysoká.
His sister is very tall.
He's younger than she is.
Je mladší ako ona.
Her brother is younger than she is.
She is older than he is.
Je staršia ako on.
She has short hair.
Má krátke vlasy.
Many people think she looks great with her short hair.
Is your brother short or tall?
Je tvoj brat nízky alebo vysoký?
He has brown eyes.
Má hnedé oči.
She has blue eyes.
Má modré oči.
She is tall and has blue eyes.
They are young.
Sú mladí.
They are young and full of energy.
He is old.
Je starý.
My grandfather is old.
I have curly hair.
Mám kučeravé vlasy.
I have short curly hair.
She has straight hair.
Má rovné vlasy.
She has straight hair, and she loves to wear it down.
*Množné číslo* Množné číslo sa väčšinou tvorí jednoducho pridaním koncovky *-S* k podstatnému menu. Napríklad: "a girl" - "girls" "a song" - "songs" Ak je slovo zakončené na -s, -sh, -ch, -x alebo -z, pridáme *-ES* "a bus" - "buses" Ak slovo končí na *Y* po spoluhláske, zmeníme *Y* na *I* a pridáme *-ES* "a strawberry" - "strawberries" Existujú aj niektoré nepravidelné množné čísla, napr: "a child" - "children" "a woman" - "women" "a man" - "men"
brothers
bratia
I have two brothers.
children
deti
There are a lot of children in the park.
Do you have children?
Máte deti?
still
stále
She still works there.
because
pretože
She is happy because she got a new puppy.
a strawberry
jahoda
How much are the strawberries?
I like strawberries.
Mám rada jahody.
I like strawberries because they are sweet.
men
muži
These two men have curly hair.
horses
kone
Our neighbours have three horses.
these men
títo muži
Do you know these men?
These two men are best friends.
Títo dvaja muži sú najlepší priatelia.
These women are beautiful.
Tieto ženy sú krásne.
"There is" / "There are" Tieto frázy vyjadrujú, že niečo niekde je: Kladná veta: "There is a dog." "There are two boys." Otázka: "Is there a house?" Odpoveď: "Yes, there is./No there is not." Otázka: "Are there trees in the garden?" Otázka: Odpoveď: "Yes, there are./ No, there are not." Záporná veta: "There is not a problem." "There are no trees in the garden."
a bird
vták
There is a black bird.
a roof
strecha
This house has no roof.
There's a bird on the roof.
Na streche je vták.
a supermarket
supermarket
I need to go to the supermarket to buy some eggs.
Is there a supermarket around here?
Je tu niekde nablízku supermarket?
an egg
vajíčko
I like eggs.
a fridge
chladnička
The food is in the fridge.
There are six eggs in the fridge.
V chladničke je šesť vajec.
There's a dog on the street.
Na ulici je pes.
a monkey
opica
There are many monkeys in the jungle.
Are there monkeys in the jungle?
Sú v džungli opice?
a room
miestnosť/izba
My room is big.
free
zadarmo, voľný
Refreshments will be available for free.
available
dostupný
The book is available at the library.
"SOME" / "ANY" V kladných vetách používame "some" pri počítateľných podstatných menách v množnom čísle (keď nevieme presný počet) a pri nepočítateľných podstatných menách. "I have some flowers." "There is some milk in the fridge." V záporných vetách a otázkach používame "any". "I do not have any flowers." "Is there any milk?"
I have some news.
Mám nejaké novinky.
Any ideas?
Máte nejaké nápady?
I'm not sure what to do next. Any ideas?
I have some ideas.
Mám niekoľko nápadov.
He does not have any friends.
Nemá žiadnych priateľov.
He hasn't got any friends.
to stay
zostať
Do you stay at home?
Some students stay at home.
Niektorí študenti zostávajú doma.
to want
chcieť
I want an apple.
I want some apple juice.
Chcem jablkový džús.
There are some apples in the kitchen.
V kuchyni je niekoľko jabĺk.
Is there any milk left?
Zostalo ešte nejaké mlieko?
Is there any milk left in the fridge?
free time
voľný čas
What do you do in your free time?
I do not have any free time.
Nemám žiadny voľný čas.
*Ukazovacie zámená* "THIS/THESE" - Používa sa, keď je predmet, na ktorý sa ukazuje, blízko. "this book" - jednotné číslo "these books" - množné číslo "THAT/THOSE" - Používa sa, keď je objekt, na ktorý ukazujeme, ďalej. "that book" - jednotné číslo "those books" - množné číslo
this bag
táto taška
What's in this bag?
That man is my friend.
Ten muž je môj priateľ.
a puppy
šteniatko
I want a puppy.
to look
pozrieť sa
Look at me.
Look at these puppies!
Pozrite sa na tieto šteniatka!
Look at these kittens! They're playing with a ball of yarn.
people
ľudia
Those people are funny.
over there
tam
I left my keys over there on the table.
Is the supermarket over there?
Je tamto supermarket?
those people
tamtí ľudia
Those people over there are our friends.
those books
tie knihy
Are those books new?
to put
umiestniť
Put it on the table.
these strawberries
tieto jahody
Put these strawberries in the bag.
*Rozhovor o počasí* Počasie je často diskutovanou témou, pretože sa mení takmer každý deň. Pozrime sa na niekoľko užitočných fráz, aby ste sa mohli rozprávať o tom, čo sa deje vonku!😉
What’s the weather like today?
Aké je dnes počasie?
I forgot my umbrella! What’s the weather like today?
It's raining.
Prší.
It's raining, so we should take an umbrella.
an umbrella
dáždnik
I need an umbrella because it's raining.
The weather is nice.
Počasie je pekné.
Today, the weather is nice, so let's go to the park.
It's sunny.
Je slnečno.
I love it when it's sunny outside.
It’s hot outside.
Vonku je horúco.
Don’t forget to bring water; it’s hot outside.
The weather is bad today.
Dnes je zlé počasie.
It’s cold.
Je zima.
It’s cold outside, so don’t forget your jacket.
It’s snowing.
Sneží.
Look outside! It’s snowing!
It’s cloudy.
Je zamračené.
When it’s cloudy, I like to stay inside and read a book.
It's windy.
Fúka.
It's windy today, so I will wear a jacket.
It looks like it's going to rain.
Vyzerá to, že bude pršať.
*Privlastňovacie zámená* *Závislé* - stoja pred slovom, s ktorým sa spájajú, a nikdy sa nevyskytujú samostatne. "my", "your", "his", "her", "its", "our", "your", "their" "This is my car." *Samostatné* - môžu stáť samostatne vo vete alebo za podstatným menom. "mine", "yours", "his", "hers", "its", "ours", "yours", "theirs" "This car is mine."
her voice
jej hlas
Her voice sounds amazing.
our son
náš syn
Our son likes to play football.
their daughter
ich dcéra
Their daughter plays the guitar.
Our son and their daughter are friends.
Náš syn a ich dcéra sú priatelia.
What's your address?
Aká je vaša/tvoja adresa?
his fault
jeho chyba
This is his fault.
It's not my fault.
Nie je to moja chyba.
That house is ours.
Ten dom je náš.
That house is ours. We bought it last year.
This drink is mine.
Tento nápoj je môj.
Is this car yours?
Je toto auto vaše/tvoje?
The child is theirs.
Dieťa je ich.
*Vyjadrenie vlastníctva* Pridávame *'s*, keď sú veci vo vlastníctve ľudí, ale dá sa použiť aj so zvieratami, organizáciami a dokonca aj niektorými časovými výrazmi. "This is my sister's dog." "What are the government’s plans?" "Today’s news." V množnom čísle pridávame len apostrof (*'*) bez *s*: "Our sisters' dresses are long."
today's news
dnešné správy
We watched today's news.
my sister's dog
pes mojej sestry
My sister's dog is very friendly.
I play with my sister's dog.
Hrám sa so psom svojej sestry.
with
s
They play with my son.
your father's car
auto tvojho otca
Your father's car is fast.
his friend's book
kniha jeho priateľa
He reads his friend's book.
in my parents' house
v dome mojich rodičov
I live in my parents' house.
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