Kozi kwa wanaoanza kabisa (A1)Maneno ya Kiingereza

*Karibu kwenye kozi kwa wanaoanza kabisa!* Kozi hii itakuongoza kupitia misingi ya Kiingereza. Itakusaidia kuelewa sarufi ya kimsingi huku ukianzisha misemo muhimu na msamiati muhimu kwa hali za kila siku. Tutaanza na maneno muhimu, kama vile salamu na kuwashukuru wengine. Twende!
Hello!
Habari!
Hello and welcome to the course.
My name is...
Jina langu ni...
My name is Paul.
Thank you!
Asante!
Thank you for your help!
please
tafadhali
Could you please help me with my homework?
How are you?
Habari gani?
How are you today?
I am fine.
Sijambo.
How are you? - I am fine!
Excuse me?
Samahani?
Excuse me, are you John?
I don't understand.
Sielewi.
sorry
samahani
I'm sorry.
a name
jina
What is your name?
What's your name?
Jina lako nani?
good
vizuri
The weather is good.
bad
mbaya
The weather is bad.
Goodbye!
Kwaheri!
Goodbye! I hope to see you soon.
*Unatoka wapi?* Ni muhimu kujua jinsi ya kusema mahali ulipo. Unaweza kujibu kwa njia mbili: "I am from..." "I come from..." "Where are you from?" "I am from Spain."au "I come from Spain."
Where are you from?
Unatoka wapi?
Where are you from? - I am from Germany.
I am from ...
Ninatoka ...
Where are you from? - I am from France.
I come from...
Ninatokea...
I come from Canada.
Coffee, please.
Kahawa, tafadhali.
Can I get a coffee, please?
Yes, please!
Ndiyo, tafadhali!
Would you like some water? - Yes, please!
the friends
marafiki
I like my friends.
Yes or no?
Ndiyo au hapana?
Do you want to go to the park? Yes or no?
to like
kupenda
I like ice cream.
also
pia
Juan is also from Chile.
small
kidogo
Ukraine is not small.
big
kubwa
Canada is big.
a country
nchi
I like my country.
I am from a small country.
Ninatoka nchi ndogo.
Peter is from a big country.
*Kitenzi KUWA* Angalia maumbo ya vitenzi "TO BE"katika nafsi tatu za kwanza: Hivi ndivyo inavyoendelea: "I am" "you are" "he/she/it is" Ona kwamba "I"*kila mara huwa na herufi kubwa.*
You are beautiful.
Wewe ni mrembo.
Everyone thinks you are beautiful.
He is a man.
Yeye ni mwanamume.
He is a tall man.
She is a woman.
Yeye ni mwanamke.
She is a beautiful woman.
to live in
kuishi katika
We live in a big house.
You live in a house.
Unaishi katika nyumba.
I live in a house with my family.
Are you Paul?
Wewe ni Paul?
Excuse me, are you Paul?
I am not Paul. I am John.
Mimi si Paulo. Mimi ni Yohana.
my friend
rafiki yangu
You are my best friend.
He is my friend.
Yeye ni rafiki yangu.
He is my best friend.
I am fine, thank you.
Sijambo, asante.
I'm good, thanks.
*Kahawa moja, tafadhali!* Je, ulikutana na mkahawa wa kupendeza kwenye safari zako? Hebu tujifunze jinsi ya kuagiza kahawa au kuuliza bili.
coffee with milk
kahawa ya maziwa
Can I have a coffee with milk, please?
a café
mkahawa
A woman in the café asked for a coffee.
Can I see the menu, please?
Naomba kuona menyu, tafadhali?
How much is it?
Ni bei gani?
How much is the coffee, please?
One cappuccino, please.
Kapuchino moja, tafadhali.
Can I have one cappuccino, please?
tea
chai
I would like a cup of tea, please.
a cup of tea with sugar
kikombe cha chai chenye sukari
Can I have a tea with sugar, please?
a coffee to go
kahawa ya kubeba
I'll have a coffee to go, please.
Can I have a coffee to go?
Naomba kahawa ya kubeba?
a cake
keki
Can I have a slice of cake?
Can I also get a slice of cake, please?
Je, naweza kupata kipande cha keki pia, tafadhali?
It was delicious!
Ilikuwa tamu sana!
The cake was delicious!
Can I have the bill, please?
Naomba bili, tafadhali?
a bank card
kadi ya benki
Can I pay by card, please?
cash
pesa taslimu
They only accept cash.
Can I pay by card?
Naweza kulipa kwa kadi?
Sorry, we only accept cash.
Samahani, tunapokea pesa taslimu pekee.
*Nakala zisizo na kikomo na dhahiri* "a dog"- Tunatumia kifungu kisichojulikana wakati hatuzungumzi juu ya jambo maalum. Pia tunatumia kifungu kisichojulikana tunapozungumza juu ya kitu kwa mara ya kwanza. Kwa mfano: "There is a dog." Vifungu visivyo na kikomo vinatumika tu kwa maneno ya umoja, *wingi hazina kifungu kisichojulikana.* "the car"- Tunatumia kifungu cha uhakika tunaporejelea kitu au mtu ambaye tayari tumemtaja hapo awali au inapoonekana wazi kutoka kwa muktadha tunazungumza juu ya nini au nani. Kwa mfano: "The car is big." "The dog that attacked me ran away."
a dog
mbwa
I want to have a dog.
a man
mwanamume
There is a man.
a woman
mwanamke
A woman in the café ordered a cappuccino.
and
na
A mother and a child.
a man and a dog
mwanamume na mbwa
I can see a man and a dog.
a child
mtoto
The woman has a child.
to play
kucheza
The children play football outside.
The child plays.
Mtoto anacheza.
The child plays with the car.
a garden
bustani
We have a big garden.
They play in the garden.
Wanacheza bustanini.
Every afternoon, the children play in the garden.
*Je, ni lini tunatumia AN badala ya A?* Neno likianza na konsonanti, tunatumia umbo "a". Ikiwa neno linaanza na sauti ya vokali, tunatumia fomu "an". "a pen" "an apple"
an apple
tunda la
There is an apple.
to eat
kula
The man is eating an apple.
He eats an apple.
Anakula tofaa.
He eats an apple every day.
an hour
saa moja
I had to wait for more than an hour.
It's a boy
Ni mvulana
a teacher
mwalimu
I like my teacher.
She is a teacher.
Yeye ni mwalimu.
*Wasilisha rahisi* Matumizi: Tunapotaka kueleza tabia, vitendo vinavyorudiwa-rudiwa, ukweli wa jumla, hisia, na matakwa. Kwa Kiingereza, watu wote wana umbo sawa, isipokuwa mtu wa 3 umoja. Katika hali nyingi, kiambishi *-s* huongezwa katika umoja wa mtu wa 3: "I live in Prague." "My sister lives in London."
I drink
ninakunywa
I drink coffee every day.
He eats healthy.
Anakula chakula bora
He eats healthy to stay fit and strong.
You eat pizza.
Unakula pizza.
I eat cake.
she sleeps
analala
She sleeps 8 hours a day.
we go
twende
We go to the cinema once a month.
She goes alone.
Anakwenda peke yake.
She goes alone to the store.
I read
Ninasoma
I read a book every night before bed.
He reads a book.
Anasoma kitabu.
They read a lot.
Wanasoma sana.
They read a lot of books.
*Mwisho hubadilika wakati mwingine* Ikiwa kitenzi kitaisha na *-y* kinachofuata konsonanti, kwa mtu wa 3 umoja tunaondoa *-y* na kuongeza *-ies* : "I study English." "He studies English." Tunaongeza kiambishi *-es* katika umoja wa nafsi ya 3 ikiwa kitenzi kitaishia kwa *-sh* , *-ch* , *-x* , *-o* , *-ss* , *-zz* : "I wash my hands." "He washes his hands."
She studies a lot.
Anasoma sana.
She studies a lot to get good grades.
He studies English.
Anasoma Kiingereza.
to watch
kutazama
We watch the movie in the class.
a movie
filamu
The action scenes were not bad in the movie.
He watches movies.
Anatazama filamu.
She watches the dog.
Anamlinda mbwa.
She watches the dog every Friday.
to wash
kuosha
I always wash my hands.
She washes the car.
Anasafisha gari.
She washes the car every Saturday.
He washes his hands.
Ananawa mikono
The boy washes the apple.
Mvulana anaosha tofaa.
*Kuuliza kwa maelekezo* Ukipotea unaposafiri au huna uhakika kuhusu jambo fulani, usisite kuwauliza wenyeji. Ni njia nzuri ya kufanya mazoezi ya lugha. Hapa kuna misemo michache ya kukusaidia kuishughulikia kwa urahisi.
Where is the bus station?
Kituo cha basi kiko wapi?
Do you know where the nearest bus station is?
bus station
kituo cha basi
The bus station is located near the park.
an airport
uwanja wa ndege
How much is a ticket to the airport?
Which bus goes to the airport?
Ni basi gani linaloenda uwanja wa ndege?
Excuse me, which bus goes to the airport?
a train
treni
The train arrives at 3 PM.
How do I get to the train station?
Ninafikaje kwenye kituo cha treni?
I’m lost. How do I get to the train station?
I got lost.
Nimepotea.
I got lost. Can you help me?
Can you help me?
Unaweza kunisaidia?
a shuttle bus
basi la usafiri wa kwenda na kurudi
Is there a shuttle bus to the airport?
Where is the public bathroom?
Vyoo vya umma viko wapi?
right
kulia
Please turn right at the next corner.
left
kushoto
Turn left at the corner.
straight
moja kwa moja
Go straight, then turn left.
Go straight and then turn left.
Nenda moja kwa moja kisha ukate kushoto.
a street
barabara
She walked down the street.
the end of the street
mwisho wa barabara
We need to walk to the end of the street to find the bus stop.
Turn right at the end of the street.
Pinda kulia mwishoni mwa barabara.
Where can I find a taxi?
Naweza kupata wapi taksi?
Excuse me, where can I find a taxi?
to show
kuonyesha
I will show you my favorite café.
Can you show me on the map?
Unaweza kunionyesha kwenye ramani?
Can you show me on the map where the nearest restaurant is?
How long does it take to get there?
Inachukua muda gani kufika huko?
Can you tell me how long it takes to get to the airport?
*Semi za wakati katika wakati uliopo sahili* Tumia misemo hii kubainisha ni lini au mara ngapi unafanya jambo fulani. "often" "usually" "sometimes" "always" "never" "every day/week/year/"
usually
kawaida
He usually arrives home at about one o'clock.
every day
kila siku
I study every day.
I go to school every day.
Mimi huenda shuleni kila siku.
I go to school every day by bus.
on Saturday
Jumamosi
What do you usually do on Saturday?
always
kila mara
The sun always rises in the east.
a year
mwaka
He is four years old.
to travel abroad
kusafiri nje ya nchi
We travel abroad every year.
often
mara kwa mara
We often go to the cinema.
a month
mwezi
July is my favourite month.
He never says hi.
Hasalimu kamwe.
I always say hi to him, but he never says hi back.
to smoke
kuvuta sigara
My grandparents smoke every day.
She never smokes.
Havuti sigara kamwe.
My sister is very health-conscious. She never smokes.
I practice English every day.
Ninafanya mazoezi ya Kiingereza kila siku.
I practice English every day by reading books, watching movies, and speaking with native speakers.
*Kitenzi KUWA NA* Kwa kuwa kitenzi hiki si cha kawaida, kuna njia mbili za kukiandika kwa sasa: "have"au "has", na kuamua kutumia moja au nyingine inategemea mada ya sentensi. "I have""you have""he/she/it has""we have""you have""they have"
We have two dogs.
Tuna mbwa wawili.
We have two dogs, a golden retriever and a poodle.
I have a child.
Nina mtoto.
You have a child.
You have a car.
Una gari.
You have a big car.
He has it.
Anacho.
She has a book.
The teacher has a book.
Mwalimu ana kitabu.
I have a book.
an aunt
shangazi
My aunt has a small garden.
My aunt has three children.
Shangazi yangu ana watoto watatu.
My aunt has three children and they all have different personalities.
an uncle
mjomba
My uncle has a small house.
My uncle has a small restaurant.
Mjomba wangu ana mkahawa mdogo.
beautiful eyes
macho mazuri
You have beautiful blue eyes.
She has beautiful eyes.
Ana macho mazuri.
He has beautiful eyes.
*Vitenzi vitatu visaidizi vikuu* "Do", "be"na "have"ni *vitenzi vitatu visaidizi* vikuu katika Kiingereza. Tayari unajua kitenzi "to have"na umoja wa "to be". Kwa *viwakilishi vya somo la wingi* unahitaji tu kukumbuka aina moja ya kitenzi "to be"ambayo ni "are". Hiyo ni rahisi, sawa? "I am" "you are" "he is""she is"// "it is" "we are" "you are" "they are"
You are my best friend.
Wewe ni rafiki yangu wa dhati.
I don't know what I would do without you. You are my best friend.
I am happy.
Nina furaha
I am happy for you.
a colour
rangi
What is your favorite colour?
Red is a beautiful colour.
Nyekundu ni rangi nzuri.
a student
mwanafunzi
He is a very good student.
very good
vizuri sana
He is a very good boy.
My sister is a very good student.
Dada yangu ni mwanafunzi mzuri sana.
He is a good boy.
Ni mvulana mzuri.
They are my friends.
Hawa ni rafiki zangu.
They are my friends from school.
We are here.
Tupo hapa.
We are here to see my uncle.
We are from Austria.
Sisi tunatoka nchi ya Austria.
We are from Austria. Where are you from?
*Kitenzi KUFANYA* Kitenzi "to do"kinaweza kufanya kazi kama kitenzi kisaidizi na vile vile kitenzi kikuu! Hivi ndivyo tunavyounganisha kitenzi "to do": "I do" "you do" "he/she/it does" "we do" "you do" "they do"
I do it.
Ninafanya hivyo.
It's good to exercise—I do it every day to stay healthy.
You do it.
Wewe unafanya hivyo.
You do it very well.
she does
anafanya
She does her homework every day.
a homework
kazi ya nyumbani
I do my homework everyday.
We do the homework.
Tunafanya kazi ya nyumbani.
We do the homework after school.
a lot
nyingi
I cook a lot.
yoga
yoga
She does yoga to relax.
They do a lot of yoga.
Wanafanya yoga kwa wingi.
*Kutana na watu wapya* Katika sehemu hii, tutachunguza jinsi ya kujitambulisha na kuuliza maswali ili kujifunza zaidi kuhusu wengine.
What is your name?
Jina lako nani?
Hi! What is your name?
My name is Peter.
Jina langu ni Peter.
Nice to meet you!
Nimefurahi kukutana nawe!
My name is Mary. And yours?
Jina langu ni Mary. Na lako?
How old are you?
Una umri gani?
I am 29 years old.
Nina umri wa miaka 29.
I am 29 years old. And you?
Where do you come from?
Unatoka wapi?
I come from Egypt. Where do you come from?
Where do you live?
Unaishi wapi?
When I met my new friend, I asked, "Where do you live?"
What are your hobbies?
Hobby zako ni zipi?
I like reading.
Napenda kusoma.
like reading in the evenings.
I love sports.
Napenda michezo.
I love sports, especially basketball.
I like traveling.
Napenda kusafiri.
I like traveling to new places every summer.
What is your job?
Kazi yako ni nini?
I’m a dentist. What do you do for a living?
What do you do for living?
Unafanya kazi gani?
I'm curious, what do you do for a living?
I am an engineer.
Mimi ni mhandisi.
I am a mechanical engineer.
I work as a teacher.
Ninafanya kazi kama mwalimu.
I work as a teacher in a primary school.
*Maswali* Tunaweza kutumia "do"kutengeneza *fomu za maswali* . Wakati mhusika ni *yeye, yeye* au *yeye* , tunaongeza *DOES* mwanzoni ili kufanya sentensi ya uthibitisho kuwa swali. Ona kwamba *herufi S iliyo mwishoni mwa kitenzi katika sentensi ya uthibitisho (kwa sababu iko katika nafsi ya tatu) inatoweka katika swali.* Hapa kuna baadhi ya mifano: "Do you work here?" "Do you like chocolate?" "Does she speak Spanish?" "Does it work?" Maswali haya yanaweza kujibiwa na *ndiyo au hapana* . Katika maswali yanayotumia *do/does* inawezekana kutoa majibu mafupi kwa maswali ya moja kwa moja kama ifuatavyo: "Do you speak English?"- "Yes, I do."
Does it work?
Inafanya kazi?
Does it work for you?
to rain
kunyesha mvua
It rains often here.
Does it rain?
Je, mvua inanyesha?
Does it rain often here?
an ice cream
aisikrimu
Chocolate ice cream is the best!
Do you like ice cream?
Unapenda aiskrimu?
Do you speak English?
Unazungumza Kiingereza?
Do you speak English? - Yes, I do.
Does she have a cat?
Ana paka?
Does she have a cat? - Yes, she does.
siblings
ndugu
I have two siblings.
Do you have siblings?
Je, una ndugu?
Do you have siblings? - No, I don't.
Do you play soccer?
Je, unacheza mpira wa miguu?
Do you play soccer? - Yes, I do.
*Maswali na KUWA* Maswali mengi huundwa kwa *kubadilisha mpangilio wa maneno* katika sentensi. Sentensi ya msingi: somo + am/is/are "She is from Spain." Swali: am/is/are + subject "Is she from Spain?"
Are you all right?
Uko sawa?
Are you all right? - Yes, I am.
Is it your dog?
Huyu ni mbwa wako?
Am I right?
Niko sahihi?
I think the meeting is at 3 PM. Am I right?
Is he from England?
Je, yeye anatoka Uingereza?
Is he from England or France?
Is she a teacher?
Je, yeye ni mwalimu?
Are they siblings?
Je, wao ni ndugu?
Are they siblings or not?
at home
nyumbani
We stay at home.
Are they at home?
Wapo nyumbani?
true
kweli
a true story
Is it true?
Ni kweli?
Is it true? - Yes, it is.
*Maswali ya WH* Maswali haya hayawezi kujibiwa ndiyo au hapana. Kanuni za uundaji wa maswali ni sawa na zile zilizo hapo juu, isipokuwa kwamba neno la swali la ziada linaonekana mwanzoni ( "what", "why", "where""when", "whom", "whose", "how") "Where is he?"- "He is here." "What do they like?"- "They like pizza"
Where are you?
Uko wapi?
Where are you right now?
Who is it?
Nani huyu?
When the phone rang, I asked, "Who is it?
It's my mother.
Huyu ni mama yangu.
Who is it? - It's my mother.
to work
kufanya kazi
Where does your sister work?
Why are you here?
Mbona uko hapa?
Why are you here now?
What time is it?
Saa ngapi?
What time is it, please? Are we late?
When does the movie start?
Filamu inaanza saa ngapi?
When does the movie start? - It starts in two hours.
How far is the cinema?
Sinema iko umbali gani?
How far is the cinema from here?
*JINSI maswali* "How"inaweza kutumika pamoja na maneno mengine kutengeneza aina tofauti za maswali, kwa mfano: "how far",, "how long""how many". Kando na hizo, jinsi gani inaweza kutumika *na vivumishi* kutengeneza maswali kwa mfano: "How difficult is it?" "How old is he?"
How much?
Kiasi gani?
How much does the car cost?
the ticket
tiketi
The ticket is too expensive.
How much is the ticket?
Tiketi ni bei gani?
How much is it?
old
-zee
The old man is very kind.
young
kijana
He is very young.
How old is your sister?
Dada yako ana umri gani?
How old is she? - She is very young.
How far is the park?
Hifadhi iko umbali gani?
How far is the park from here?
How many apples do you want?
Unataka maapulo mangapi?
How long is the movie?
Filamu hii ina urefu gani?
How often?
Mara ngapi?
How often do you cook?
How often do you travel?
Unasafiri mara ngapi?
How often do you travel during the summer?
*Hasi* Tunafanya hasi kwa kuweka "not"baada ya kitenzi. Ikiwa kuna vitenzi viwili katika sentensi, kila wakati tunaweka "not"baada ya cha kwanza. Kama tu katika sentensi hizi za mifano: "We do not work here." "She does not speak English." "They are not here." "I am not your friend." *Kidokezo: don't ni aina fupi ya do not* , kama vile *aren't* ni aina fupi ya *are not* na *sio* ya *is not* .
I do not drive.
Siendeshi.
I do not drive the bus.
He doesn't work.
Hafanyi kazi.
angry
mwenye hasira
He is angry.
We aren't angry.
Hatujakasirika.
not bad
si mbaya
The movie is not bad.
The food is not bad.
Chakula si kibaya.
The food is not bad at the restaurant.
I don't like pizza.
Sipendi pizza.
We don't like ice cream.
Hatupendi aiskrimu.
at school
shuleni
She isn't at school.
She isn't at school.
Hayupo shuleni.
Where is she? She isn't at school.
They aren't at home.
Hawapo nyumbani.
I don't play the piano.
Sichezi piano.
to speak
kuzungumza
Do you speak English?
We do not speak English.
Hatuzungumzi Kiingereza.
We don't speak English.
*Eleza mtu* Hebu tujifunze jinsi ya kumwelezea mtu kwa kutumia vitenzi "to have"na "to be"ambavyo tayari unajua, pamoja na baadhi ya vivumishi vya vitendo.
He has long hair.
Ana nywele ndefu.
He has long beautiful hair.
She is very tall.
Yeye ni mrefu sana.
His sister is very tall.
He's younger than she is.
Yeye ni mdogo kuliko yeye.
Her brother is younger than she is.
She is older than he is.
Yeye ni mkubwa kuliko yeye.
She has short hair.
Ana nywele fupi.
Many people think she looks great with her short hair.
Is your brother short or tall?
Je, kaka yako ni mfupi au mrefu?
He has brown eyes.
Ana macho ya kahawia.
She has blue eyes.
Ana macho ya bluu.
She is tall and has blue eyes.
They are young.
Ni vijana.
They are young and full of energy.
He is old.
Yeye ni mzee.
My grandfather is old.
I have curly hair.
Nina nywele za mawimbi
I have short curly hair.
She has straight hair.
Ana nywele zilizonyooka.
She has straight hair, and she loves to wear it down.
*Wingi* Wingi huundwa kwa urahisi kwa kuongeza mwisho *-S* kwa nomino. Kwa mfano: "a girl"- "girls" "a song"- "songs" Ikiwa neno hilo litaishia kwa ‑s, ‑sh, ‑ch, ‑x, au ‑z, tunaongeza *-ES* "a bus"- "buses" Neno hilo likiisha kwa *Y* kufuatia konsonanti, tunabadilisha *Y* hadi *I* na kuongeza *-ES* "a strawberry"- "strawberries" Pia kuna wingi usio wa kawaida, kwa mfano: "a child"- "children" "a woman"- "women" "a man"- "men"
brothers
kaka
I have two brothers.
children
watoto
There are a lot of children in the park.
Do you have children?
Je, una watoto?
still
bado
She still works there.
because
kwa sababu
She is happy because she got a new puppy.
a strawberry
strawberry
How much are the strawberries?
I like strawberries.
Napenda stroberi.
I like strawberries because they are sweet.
men
wanaume
These two men have curly hair.
horses
farasi
Our neighbours have three horses.
these men
wanaume hawa
Do you know these men?
These two men are best friends.
Wanaume hawa wawili ni marafiki wa kufa na kuzikana.
These women are beautiful.
Wanawake hawa ni warembo.
"There is"/ "There are" Maneno haya yanaonyesha kuwa kitu kiko mahali fulani: Sentensi chanya: "There is a dog." "There are two boys." Swali: "Is there a house?"Jibu: "Yes, there is./No there is not." Swali: "Are there trees in the garden?"Jibu: "Yes, there are./ No, there are not." Hasi: "There is not a problem." "There are no trees in the garden."
a bird
ndege
There is a black bird.
a roof
paa
This house has no roof.
There's a bird on the roof.
Kuna ndege juu ya paa.
a supermarket
duka kuu
I need to go to the supermarket to buy some eggs.
Is there a supermarket around here?
Je, kuna duka kuu la bidhaa karibu na hapa?
an egg
yai
I like eggs.
a fridge
jokofu
The food is in the fridge.
There are six eggs in the fridge.
Kuna mayai sita kwenye jokofu.
There's a dog on the street.
Kuna mbwa barabarani.
a monkey
tumbili
There are many monkeys in the jungle.
Are there monkeys in the jungle?
Je, kuna kima msituni?
a room
chumba
My room is big.
free
bure
Refreshments will be available for free.
available
inayopatikana
The book is available at the library.
"SOME"/ "ANY" Tunatumia "some"katika sentensi chanya kwa nomino za wingi zinazohesabika (wakati hatujui kiasi kamili) na kwa nomino zisizohesabika. "I have some flowers" "There is some milk in the fridge" Tunatumia "any"katika sentensi hasi na maswali. "I do not have any flowers." "Is there any milk?"
I have some news.
Nina habari fulani.
Any ideas?
Una mawazo yoyote?
I'm not sure what to do next. Any ideas?
I have some ideas.
Nina mawazo fulani.
He does not have any friends.
Hana marafiki wowote.
He hasn't got any friends.
to stay
kubaki
Do you stay at home?
Some students stay at home.
Baadhi ya wanafunzi hubaki nyumbani.
to want
kutaka
I want an apple.
I want some apple juice.
Nataka juisi ya tufaha.
There are some apples in the kitchen.
Kuna baadhi ya maapulo jikoni.
Is there any milk left?
Kuna maziwa yoyote yaliyobaki?
Is there any milk left in the fridge?
free time
muda wa mapumziko
What do you do in your free time?
I do not have any free time.
Sina muda wowote wa ziada.
*Viwakilishi vya maonyesho* "THIS/THESE"- Hutumika wakati kitu kinachoelekezwa kiko karibu. "this book"- Umoja "these books"- wingi "THAT/THOSE"- Hutumika wakati kitu tunachoelekeza kiko mbali zaidi. "that book"- Umoja "those books"- wingi
this bag
mfuko huu
What's in this bag?
That man is my friend.
Mwanamume huyo ni rafiki yangu.
a puppy
mbwa mdogo
I want a puppy.
to look
kuangalia
Look at me.
Look at these puppies!
Tazama hawa watoto wa mbwa!
Look at these kittens! They're playing with a ball of yarn.
people
watu
Those people are funny.
over there
pale
I left my keys over there on the table.
Is the supermarket over there?
Je, duka kuu liko kule?
those people
wale watu
Those people over there are our friends.
those books
vitabu vile
Are those books new?
to put
kuweka
Put it on the table.
these strawberries
strowberi hizi
Put these strawberries in the bag.
*Majadiliano ya hali ya hewa* Hali ya hewa ni mada ambayo mara nyingi hujadiliwa, kwani inabadilika karibu kila siku. Hebu tuangalie baadhi ya misemo muhimu ili uweze kuzungumza kuhusu kile kinachotokea nje!😉
What’s the weather like today?
Hali ya hewa ikoje leo?
I forgot my umbrella! What’s the weather like today?
It's raining.
Mvua inanyesha.
It's raining, so we should take an umbrella.
an umbrella
mwavuli
I need an umbrella because it's raining.
The weather is nice.
Hali ya hewa ni nzuri.
Today, the weather is nice, so let's go to the park.
It's sunny.
Kuna jua.
I love it when it's sunny outside.
It’s hot outside.
Kuna joto nje.
Don’t forget to bring water; it’s hot outside.
The weather is bad today.
Hali ya hewa ni mbaya leo.
It’s cold.
Kuna baridi.
It’s cold outside, so don’t forget your jacket.
It’s snowing.
Theluji inatua.
Look outside! It’s snowing!
It’s cloudy.
Kuna mawingu.
When it’s cloudy, I like to stay inside and read a book.
It's windy.
Kuna upepo.
It's windy today, so I will wear a jacket.
It looks like it's going to rain.
Inaonekana kama mvua itanyesha.
*Viwakilishi vimilikishi* *Mtegemezi* - wanasimama mbele ya neno wanalounganishwa nalo na kamwe hazijitokezi kwa kujitegemea. "my""your""his""her""its""our""your",,,,,,, "their" "This is my car." *Kujitegemea* - inaweza kusimama peke yake katika sentensi au nyuma ya nomino "mine""yours""his""hers""its""ours""yours",,,,,,, "theirs" "This car is mine."
her voice
sauti yake
Her voice sounds amazing.
our son
mwana wetu
Our son likes to play football.
their daughter
binti yao
Their daughter plays the guitar.
Our son and their daughter are friends.
Mwana wetu na binti yao ni marafiki.
What's your address?
Anwani yako ni nini?
his fault
makosa yake
This is his fault.
It's not my fault.
Si kosa langu.
That house is ours.
Nyumba ile ni yetu.
That house is ours. We bought it last year.
This drink is mine.
Kinywaji hiki ni changu.
Is this car yours?
Gari hili ni lako?
The child is theirs.
Mtoto ni wao.
*Kuonyesha umiliki:* *Tunaongeza* wakati vitu vinamilikiwa na watu, lakini pia inaweza kutumika kwa wanyama, mashirika, na hata misemo fulani ya wakati. "This is my sister's dog." "What are the government’s plans?" "Today’s news." Katika wingi tunaongeza tu apostrofi ( *'* ) bila *s* : "Our sisters' dresses are long."
today's news
habari za leo
We watched today's news.
my sister's dog
mbwa wa dada yangu
My sister's dog is very friendly.
I play with my sister's dog.
Ninacheza na mbwa wa dada yangu.
with
na
They play with my son.
your father's car
gari la baba yako
Your father's car is fast.
his friend's book
kitabu cha rafiki yake
He reads his friend's book.
in my parents' house
nyumbani kwa wazazi wangu
I live in my parents' house.
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