Kurso para sa mga ganap na baguhan (A1)Mga salitang Ingles

by DuoCards

*Maligayang pagdating sa kurso para sa kumpletong mga nagsisimula!* Gagabayan ka ng kursong ito sa mga pangunahing kaalaman sa Ingles. Makakatulong ito sa iyo na maunawaan ang pangunahing grammar habang nagpapakilala ng mga kapaki-pakinabang na parirala at pangunahing bokabularyo para sa pang-araw-araw na sitwasyon. Magsisimula tayo sa mahahalagang ekspresyon, tulad ng mga pagbati at pasasalamat sa iba. Tara na!

Hello!

Kumusta!

Hello and welcome to the course.

My name is...

Ang pangalan ko ay...

My name is Paul.

Thank you!

Salamat!

Thank you for your help!

please

pakiusap

Could you please help me with my homework?

How are you?

Kumusta ka?

How are you today?

I am fine.

Mabuti naman ako.

How are you? - I am fine!

Excuse me?

Ano po?

Excuse me, are you John?

I don't understand.

Hindi ko maintindihan.

sorry

paumanhin

I'm sorry.

a name

isang pangalan

What is your name?

What's your name?

Ano ang pangalan mo?

good

mabuti

The weather is good.

bad

masama

The weather is bad.

Goodbye!

Paalam!

Goodbye! I hope to see you soon.

*taga saan ka?* Mahalagang malaman kung paano sasabihin kung saan ka nanggaling. Maaari kang sumagot sa dalawang paraan: "I am from..." "I come from..." "Where are you from?" "I am from Spain."o "I come from Spain."

Where are you from?

Taga-saan ka?

Where are you from? - I am from Germany.

I am from ...

Taga-... ako

Where are you from? - I am from France.

I come from...

Galing ako sa...

I come from Canada.

Coffee, please.

Kape, pakiusap.

Can I get a coffee, please?

Yes, please!

Oo, pakiusap!

Would you like some water? - Yes, please!

the friends

ang mga kaibigan

I like my friends.

Yes or no?

Oo o hindi?

Do you want to go to the park? Yes or no?

to like

gusto

I like ice cream.

also

din

Juan is also from Chile.

small

maliit

Ukraine is not small.

big

malaki

Canada is big.

a country

isang bansa

I like my country.

I am from a small country.

Galing ako sa isang maliit na bansa.

Peter is from a big country.

*Ang pandiwa TO BE* Tingnan ang mga anyo ng pandiwa "TO BE"sa unang tatlong tao: Narito kung paano ito napupunta: "I am" "you are" "he/she/it is" Pansinin "I"na *laging naka-capitalize.*

You are beautiful.

Maganda ka.

Everyone thinks you are beautiful.

He is a man.

Siya ay isang lalaki.

He is a tall man.

She is a woman.

Babae siya.

She is a beautiful woman.

to live in

manirahan sa

We live in a big house.

You live in a house.

Nakatira ka sa isang bahay.

I live in a house with my family.

Are you Paul?

Ikaw ba si Paul?

Excuse me, are you Paul?

I am not Paul. I am John.

Hindi ako si Paul. Ako si John.

my friend

ang kaibigan ko

You are my best friend.

He is my friend.

Kaibigan ko siya.

He is my best friend.

I am fine, thank you.

Mabuti naman ako, salamat.

I'm good, thanks.

*Isang kape, pakiusap!* Nakakita ka ba ng maaliwalas na café sa iyong paglalakbay? Alamin natin kung paano umorder ng kape o humingi ng bayarin.

coffee with milk

kape na may gatas

Can I have a coffee with milk, please?

a café

isang kapihan

A woman in the café asked for a coffee.

Can I see the menu, please?

Maaari ko bang makita ang menu, pakiusap?

How much is it?

Magkano ito?

How much is the coffee, please?

One cappuccino, please.

Isang cappuccino nga po.

Can I have one cappuccino, please?

tea

tsaa

I would like a cup of tea, please.

a cup of tea with sugar

isang tasa ng tsaa na may asukal

Can I have a tea with sugar, please?

a coffee to go

isang kape na pwedeng iuwi

I'll have a coffee to go, please.

Can I have a coffee to go?

Puwede bang mag-take out ng kape?

a cake

isang cake

Can I have a slice of cake?

Can I also get a slice of cake, please?

Maaari rin ba akong makahingi ng isang slice ng cake, pakiusap?

It was delicious!

Napakasarap nito!

The cake was delicious!

Can I have the bill, please?

Maaari ko bang makuha ang bill, pakiusap?

a bank card

isang bank card

Can I pay by card, please?

cash

pera

They only accept cash.

Can I pay by card?

Puwede ba akong magbayad gamit ang card?

Sorry, we only accept cash.

Pasensya na po, cash lang po ang tinatanggap namin.

*Mga artikulong hindi tiyak at tiyak* "a dog"- Ginagamit namin ang hindi tiyak na artikulo kapag hindi namin pinag-uusapan ang isang partikular na bagay. Ginagamit din namin ang hindi tiyak na artikulo kapag pinag-uusapan natin ang isang bagay sa unang pagkakataon. Halimbawa: "There is a dog." Ang mga hindi tiyak na artikulo ay ginagamit lamang para sa mga salitang isahan, *ang mga plural ay walang isang hindi tiyak na artikulo.* "the car"- Ginagamit natin ang tiyak na artikulo kapag tinutukoy natin ang isang bagay o isang taong nabanggit na natin noon o kapag malinaw sa konteksto kung ano o sino ang ating pinag-uusapan. Halimbawa: "The car is big." "The dog that attacked me ran away."

a dog

isang aso

I want to have a dog.

a man

isang lalaki

There is a man.

a woman

isang babae

A woman in the café ordered a cappuccino.

and

A mother and a child.

a man and a dog

isang lalaki at isang aso

I can see a man and a dog.

a child

isang bata

The woman has a child.

to play

maglaro

The children play football outside.

The child plays.

Naglalaro ang bata.

The child plays with the car.

a garden

isang hardin

We have a big garden.

They play in the garden.

Naglalaro sila sa hardin.

Every afternoon, the children play in the garden.

*Kailan natin ginagamit ang AN sa halip na A?* Kung ang isang salita ay nagsisimula sa isang katinig, ginagamit namin ang anyong "a". Kung ang isang salita ay nagsisimula sa isang tunog ng patinig, ginagamit namin ang anyong "an". "a pen" "an apple"

an apple

isang mansanas

There is an apple.

to eat

kumain

The man is eating an apple.

He eats an apple.

Kumakain siya ng mansanas.

He eats an apple every day.

an hour

isang oras

I had to wait for more than an hour.

It's a boy

Lalaki ito

a teacher

isang guro

I like my teacher.

She is a teacher.

Guro siya.

*Present simple* Paggamit: Kapag gusto nating ipahayag ang mga gawi, paulit-ulit na kilos, pangkalahatang katotohanan, damdamin, at kagustuhan. Sa English, ang lahat ng tao ay may parehong anyo, maliban sa ika-3 taong isahan. Sa karamihan ng mga kaso, ang suffix *-s* ay idinaragdag sa 3rd person na isahan: "I live in Prague." "My sister lives in London."

I drink

umiinom ako

I drink coffee every day.

He eats healthy.

Kumakain siya nang malusog.

He eats healthy to stay fit and strong.

You eat pizza.

Kumakain ka ng pizza.

I eat cake.

she sleeps

natutulog siya

She sleeps 8 hours a day.

we go

tara na

We go to the cinema once a month.

She goes alone.

Nag-iisa siyang pumupunta.

She goes alone to the store.

I read

nagbabasa ako

I read a book every night before bed.

He reads a book.

Nagbabasa siya ng libro.

They read a lot.

Mahilig silang magbasa.

They read a lot of books.

*Minsan nagbabago ang mga pagtatapos* Kung ang pandiwa ay nagtatapos sa *-y* na sumusunod sa isang katinig, para sa ika-3 tao na isahan ay aalisin namin *ang -y* at idagdag *ang -ies* : "I study English." "He studies English." Idinaragdag namin ang suffix *-es* sa ika-3 tao na isahan kung ang pandiwa ay nagtatapos sa *-sh* , *-ch* , *-x* , *-o* , *-ss* , *-zz* : "I wash my hands." "He washes his hands."

She studies a lot.

Nag-aaral siya nang mabuti.

She studies a lot to get good grades.

He studies English.

Nag-aaral siya ng Ingles.

to watch

manood

We watch the movie in the class.

a movie

isang pelikula

The action scenes were not bad in the movie.

He watches movies.

Nanonood siya ng mga pelikula.

She watches the dog.

Binabantayan niya ang aso.

She watches the dog every Friday.

to wash

maghugas

I always wash my hands.

She washes the car.

Naghuhugas siya ng kotse.

She washes the car every Saturday.

He washes his hands.

Naghuhugas siya ng kanyang mga kamay.

The boy washes the apple.

Hinuhugasan ng lalaki ang mansanas.

*Humihingi ng direksyon* Kung naligaw ka habang naglalakbay o hindi sigurado sa isang bagay, huwag mag-atubiling magtanong sa mga lokal. Ito ay isang mahusay na paraan para sanayin ang wika. Narito ang ilang mga parirala upang matulungan kang mahawakan ito nang madali.

Where is the bus station?

Nasaan ang terminal ng bus?

Do you know where the nearest bus station is?

bus station

terminal ng bus

The bus station is located near the park.

an airport

isang paliparan

How much is a ticket to the airport?

Which bus goes to the airport?

Aling bus ang papuntang paliparan?

Excuse me, which bus goes to the airport?

a train

isang tren

The train arrives at 3 PM.

How do I get to the train station?

Paano ako makakapunta sa istasyon ng tren?

I’m lost. How do I get to the train station?

I got lost.

Nawawala ako.

I got lost. Can you help me?

Can you help me?

Maaari mo ba akong tulungan?

a shuttle bus

shuttle bus

Is there a shuttle bus to the airport?

Where is the public bathroom?

Nasaan ang pampublikong palikuran?

right

kanan

Please turn right at the next corner.

left

kaliwa

Turn left at the corner.

straight

diretso

Go straight, then turn left.

Go straight and then turn left.

Maglakad nang diretso at pagkatapos ay lumiko sa kaliwa.

a street

isang kalye

She walked down the street.

the end of the street

dulo ng kalye

We need to walk to the end of the street to find the bus stop.

Turn right at the end of the street.

Lumiko ka pakanan sa dulo ng kalye.

Where can I find a taxi?

Saan ako makakahanap ng taxi?

Excuse me, where can I find a taxi?

to show

ipakita

I will show you my favorite café.

Can you show me on the map?

Maaari mo bang ipakita sa akin sa mapa?

Can you show me on the map where the nearest restaurant is?

How long does it take to get there?

Gaano katagal bago makarating doon?

Can you tell me how long it takes to get to the airport?

*Mga expression ng oras sa kasalukuyang simpleng panahunan* Gamitin ang mga expression na ito upang tukuyin kung kailan o gaano kadalas mong ginagawa ang isang bagay. "often" "usually" "sometimes" "always" "never" "every day/week/year/"

usually

kadalasan

He usually arrives home at about one o'clock.

every day

araw-araw

I study every day.

I go to school every day.

Pumapasok ako sa paaralan araw-araw.

I go to school every day by bus.

on Saturday

sa Sabado

What do you usually do on Saturday?

always

palagi

The sun always rises in the east.

a year

isang taon

He is four years old.

to travel abroad

maglakbay sa ibang bansa

We travel abroad every year.

often

madalas

We often go to the cinema.

a month

isang buwan

July is my favourite month.

He never says hi.

Hindi siya kailanman bumabati.

I always say hi to him, but he never says hi back.

to smoke

manigarilyo

My grandparents smoke every day.

She never smokes.

Hindi siya kailanman naninigarilyo.

My sister is very health-conscious. She never smokes.

I practice English every day.

Nag-eensayo ako ng Ingles araw-araw.

I practice English every day by reading books, watching movies, and speaking with native speakers.

*Ang pandiwang MAGKAROON* Dahil ang pandiwang ito ay hindi regular, mayroong dalawang paraan ng pagsulat nito sa kasalukuyan: "have"o "has", at ang pagpapasya na gumamit ng isa o ang isa ay depende sa paksa ng pangungusap. "I have""you have""he/she/it has""we have""you have""they have"

We have two dogs.

Mayroon kaming dalawang aso.

We have two dogs, a golden retriever and a poodle.

I have a child.

Mayroon akong anak.

You have a child.

You have a car.

Mayroon kang kotse.

You have a big car.

He has it.

Nasa kanya ito.

She has a book.

The teacher has a book.

May libro ang guro.

I have a book.

an aunt

isang tiyahin

My aunt has a small garden.

My aunt has three children.

May tatlong anak ang tita ko.

My aunt has three children and they all have different personalities.

an uncle

isang tito

My uncle has a small house.

My uncle has a small restaurant.

May maliit na kainan ang tito ko.

beautiful eyes

magagandang mata

You have beautiful blue eyes.

She has beautiful eyes.

Mayroon siyang magagandang mata.

He has beautiful eyes.

*Tatlong pangunahing pantulong na pandiwa* "Do", "be"at "have"tatlong pangunahing *pantulong na pandiwa* sa Ingles. Alam mo na ang pandiwa "to have"at ang isahan ng "to be". Para sa *pangmaramihang paksang panghalip* kailangan mo lamang tandaan ang isang anyo ng pandiwa "to be"na "are". Madali lang yun diba? "I am" "you are" "he is""she is"// "it is" "we are" "you are" "they are"

You are my best friend.

Ikaw ang pinakamatalik kong kaibigan.

I don't know what I would do without you. You are my best friend.

I am happy.

Masaya ako.

I am happy for you.

a colour

kulay

What is your favorite colour?

Red is a beautiful colour.

Ang pula ay isang magandang kulay.

a student

isang estudyante

He is a very good student.

very good

napakabuti

He is a very good boy.

My sister is a very good student.

Ang kapatid kong babae ay napakahusay na mag-aaral

He is a good boy.

Mabuti siyang bata.

They are my friends.

Mga kaibigan ko sila.

They are my friends from school.

We are here.

Nandito na kami.

We are here to see my uncle.

We are from Austria.

Taga-Austria kami.

We are from Austria. Where are you from?

*Ang pandiwang GAWIN* Ang pandiwa "to do"ay maaaring gumana bilang pantulong na pandiwa pati na rin ang pangunahing pandiwa! Narito kung paano natin pinagsasama-sama ang pandiwa "to do": "I do" "you do" "he/she/it does" "we do" "you do" "they do"

I do it.

Ginagawa ko ito.

It's good to exercise—I do it every day to stay healthy.

You do it.

Ginagawa mo iyan.

You do it very well.

she does

ginagawa niya

She does her homework every day.

a homework

isang takdang-aralin

I do my homework everyday.

We do the homework.

Gumagawa kami ng takdang-aralin.

We do the homework after school.

a lot

marami

I cook a lot.

yoga

She does yoga to relax.

They do a lot of yoga.

Mahilig silang mag-yoga.

*Makakilala ng mga bagong tao* Sa seksyong ito, tuklasin natin kung paano ipakilala ang ating sarili at magtanong para matuto pa tungkol sa iba.

What is your name?

Ano ang pangalan mo?

Hi! What is your name?

My name is Peter.

Ang pangalan ko ay Peter.

Nice to meet you!

Ikinagagalak kitang makilala!

My name is Mary. And yours?

Ako si Mary. At ikaw?

How old are you?

Ilang taon ka na?

I am 29 years old.

Ako ay dalawampu't siyam na taong gulang.

I am 29 years old. And you?

Where do you come from?

Taga-saan ka?

I come from Egypt. Where do you come from?

Where do you live?

Saan ka nakatira?

When I met my new friend, I asked, "Where do you live?"

What are your hobbies?

Ano ang mga hilig mong gawin?

I like reading.

Mahilig akong magbasa.

like reading in the evenings.

I love sports.

Mahilig ako sa sports.

I love sports, especially basketball.

I like traveling.

Mahilig akong maglakbay.

I like traveling to new places every summer.

What is your job?

Ano ang trabaho mo?

I’m a dentist. What do you do for a living?

What do you do for living?

Ano ang trabaho mo?

I'm curious, what do you do for a living?

I am an engineer.

Isa akong inhinyero.

I am a mechanical engineer.

I work as a teacher.

Nagtatrabaho ako bilang isang guro.

I work as a teacher in a primary school.

*Mga tanong* Magagamit natin "do"sa paggawa *ng mga form ng tanong* . Kapag ang paksa ay *he, she* or *it* , idinaragdag namin *ang DOES* sa simula upang gawing tanong ang afirmative sentence. Pansinin na *ang titik S sa dulo ng pandiwa sa affirmative sentence (dahil ito ay nasa ikatlong panauhan) ay nawawala sa tanong.* Narito ang ilang halimbawa: "Do you work here?" "Do you like chocolate?" "Does she speak Spanish?" "Does it work?" Ang mga tanong na ito ay masasagot ng *oo o hindi* . Sa mga tanong na gumagamit ng *do/do* ay posibleng magbigay ng maiikling sagot sa mga direktang tanong gaya ng sumusunod: "Do you speak English?"- "Yes, I do."

Does it work?

Gumagana ba ito?

Does it work for you?

to rain

umulan

It rains often here.

Does it rain?

Umuulan ba?

Does it rain often here?

an ice cream

isang sorbetes

Chocolate ice cream is the best!

Do you like ice cream?

Gusto mo ba ng ice cream?

Do you speak English?

Nagsasalita ka ba ng Ingles?

Do you speak English? - Yes, I do.

Does she have a cat?

May pusa ba siya?

Does she have a cat? - Yes, she does.

siblings

mga kapatid

I have two siblings.

Do you have siblings?

May mga kapatid ka ba?

Do you have siblings? - No, I don't.

Do you play soccer?

Naglalaro ka ba ng soccer?

Do you play soccer? - Yes, I do.

*Mga tanong sa TO BE* Karamihan sa mga tanong ay nabuo sa pamamagitan ng *pagpapalit ng ayos ng salita* sa pangungusap. Batayang pangungusap: paksa + am/is/are "She is from Spain." Tanong: am/is/are + subject "Is she from Spain?"

Are you all right?

Ayos ka lang ba?

Are you all right? - Yes, I am.

Is it your dog?

Aso mo ba ito?

Am I right?

Tama ba ako?

I think the meeting is at 3 PM. Am I right?

Is he from England?

Taga-England ba siya?

Is he from England or France?

Is she a teacher?

Guro ba siya?

Are they siblings?

Magkapatid ba sila?

Are they siblings or not?

at home

sa bahay

We stay at home.

Are they at home?

Nasa bahay ba sila?

true

totoo

a true story

Is it true?

Totoo ba ito?

Is it true? - Yes, it is.

*Mga tanong ng WH* Ang mga tanong na ito ay hindi masasagot ng oo o hindi. Ang mga alituntunin sa pagbuo ng tanong ay kapareho ng mga nasa itaas, maliban na may dagdag na salitang tanong na lumalabas sa simula ( "what", "why", "where", "when", "whom", "whose", "how") "Where is he?"- "He is here." "What do they like?"- "They like pizza"

Where are you?

Nasaan ka?

Where are you right now?

Who is it?

Sino iyan?

When the phone rang, I asked, "Who is it?

It's my mother.

Nanay ko iyan.

Who is it? - It's my mother.

to work

magtrabaho

Where does your sister work?

Why are you here?

Bakit ka nandito?

Why are you here now?

What time is it?

Anong oras na?

What time is it, please? Are we late?

When does the movie start?

Anong oras magsisimula ang pelikula?

When does the movie start? - It starts in two hours.

How far is the cinema?

Gaano kalayo ang sinehan?

How far is the cinema from here?

*HOW mga tanong* "How"maaaring gamitin sa iba pang mga salita upang gumawa ng iba't ibang uri ng mga tanong, halimbawa: "how far", "how long", "how many". Bukod sa mga iyon, paano magagamit *ang mga adjectives* upang gumawa ng mga tanong halimbawa: "How difficult is it?" "How old is he?"

How much?

Magkano?

How much does the car cost?

the ticket

ang tiket

The ticket is too expensive.

How much is the ticket?

Magkano ang tiket?

How much is it?

old

matanda

The old man is very kind.

young

bata

He is very young.

How old is your sister?

Ilang taon na ang kapatid mong babae?

How old is she? - She is very young.

How far is the park?

Gaano kalayo ang parke?

How far is the park from here?

How many apples do you want?

Ilang mansanas ang gusto mo?

How long is the movie?

Gaano kahaba ang pelikula?

How often?

Gaano kadalas?

How often do you cook?

How often do you travel?

Gaano ka kadalas maglakbay?

How often do you travel during the summer?

*Mga negatibo* Gumagawa kami ng mga negatibo sa pamamagitan ng paglalagay "not"pagkatapos ng pandiwa. Kung mayroong dalawang pandiwa sa pangungusap, palagi nating inilalagay "not"pagkatapos ng una. Tulad ng sa mga halimbawang pangungusap na ito: "We do not work here." "She does not speak English." "They are not here." "I am not your friend." *Hint: ang huwag ay ang maikling anyo ng huwag* , tulad ng *hindi* ay isang maikling anyo ng *hindi* at *hindi* ng *ay hindi* .

I do not drive.

Hindi ako nagmamaneho.

I do not drive the bus.

He doesn't work.

Hindi siya nagtatrabaho.

angry

galit

He is angry.

We aren't angry.

Hindi kami galit.

not bad

hindi naman masama

The movie is not bad.

The food is not bad.

Hindi naman masama ang pagkain.

The food is not bad at the restaurant.

I don't like pizza.

Hindi ko gusto ang pizza.

We don't like ice cream.

Hindi namin gusto ang ice cream.

at school

sa paaralan

She isn't at school.

Wala siya sa paaralan.

Where is she? She isn't at school.

They aren't at home.

Wala sila sa bahay.

I don't play the piano.

Hindi ako tumutugtog ng piyano.

to speak

magsalita

Do you speak English?

We do not speak English.

Hindi kami nagsasalita ng Ingles.

We don't speak English.

*Ilarawan ang isang tao* Alamin natin kung paano ilarawan ang isang tao gamit ang mga pandiwa "to have"at "to be"alam mo na, kasama ang ilang praktikal na adjectives.

He has long hair.

Mahaba ang buhok niya.

He has long beautiful hair.

She is very tall.

Napakataas niya.

His sister is very tall.

He's younger than she is.

Mas bata siya kaysa sa kaniya.

Her brother is younger than she is.

She is older than he is.

Mas matanda siya kaysa sa kanya.

She has short hair.

Maikli ang buhok niya.

Many people think she looks great with her short hair.

Is your brother short or tall?

Ang kapatid mo bang lalaki ay pandak o matangkad?

He has brown eyes.

Kulay kape ang kanyang mga mata.

She has blue eyes.

Mayroon siyang asul na mga mata.

She is tall and has blue eyes.

They are young.

Bata pa sila.

They are young and full of energy.

He is old.

Matanda na siya.

My grandfather is old.

I have curly hair.

Kulot ang buhok ko.

I have short curly hair.

She has straight hair.

Tuwid ang kanyang buhok.

She has straight hair, and she loves to wear it down.

*Maramihan* Ang maramihan ay kadalasang nabuo sa pamamagitan lamang ng pagdaragdag ng dulong *-S* sa pangngalan. Halimbawa: "a girl"- "girls" "a song"- "songs" Kung ang salita ay nagtatapos sa ‑s, ‑sh, ‑ch, ‑x, o ‑z, idinaragdag namin *ang -ES* "a bus"- "buses" Kung ang salita ay nagtatapos sa isang *Y* kasunod ng isang katinig, pinapalitan natin ang *Y* sa isang *I* at idinagdag *-ES* "a strawberry"- "strawberries" Mayroon ding ilang irregular plural, halimbawa: "a child"- "children" "a woman"- "women" "a man"- "men"

brothers

mga magkakapatid na lalaki

I have two brothers.

children

mga bata

There are a lot of children in the park.

Do you have children?

Mayroon ka bang mga anak?

still

pa rin

She still works there.

because

dahil

She is happy because she got a new puppy.

a strawberry

isang strawberry

How much are the strawberries?

I like strawberries.

Gusto ko ng mga strawberry.

I like strawberries because they are sweet.

men

mga lalaki

These two men have curly hair.

horses

mga kabayo

Our neighbours have three horses.

these men

itong mga lalaki

Do you know these men?

These two men are best friends.

Ang dalawang lalaking ito ay matalik na magkaibigan.

These women are beautiful.

Ang mga babaeng ito ay magaganda.

"There is"/ "There are" Ang mga pariralang ito ay nagpapahayag na ang isang bagay ay nasa isang lugar: Isang positibong pangungusap: "There is a dog." "There are two boys." Tanong: "Is there a house?"Sagot: "Yes, there is./No there is not." Tanong: "Are there trees in the garden?"Sagot: "Yes, there are./ No, there are not." Negatibo: "There is not a problem." "There are no trees in the garden."

a bird

isang ibon

There is a black bird.

a roof

bubong

This house has no roof.

There's a bird on the roof.

May ibon sa bubong.

a supermarket

isang supermarket

I need to go to the supermarket to buy some eggs.

Is there a supermarket around here?

Mayroon bang supermarket dito sa malapit?

an egg

itlog

I like eggs.

a fridge

isang refrigerator

The food is in the fridge.

There are six eggs in the fridge.

May anim na itlog sa loob ng refrigerator.

There's a dog on the street.

May aso sa kalye.

a monkey

isang unggoy

There are many monkeys in the jungle.

Are there monkeys in the jungle?

May mga unggoy ba sa gubat?

a room

isang kuwarto

My room is big.

free

libre

Refreshments will be available for free.

available

The book is available at the library.

"SOME"/ "ANY" Ginagamit namin "some"sa mga positibong pangungusap para sa mabibilang na pangmaramihang pangngalan (kapag hindi namin alam ang eksaktong halaga) at para sa hindi mabilang na mga pangngalan. "I have some flowers" "There is some milk in the fridge" Ginagamit namin "any"sa mga negatibong pangungusap at tanong. "I do not have any flowers." "Is there any milk?"

I have some news.

Mayroon akong balita.

Any ideas?

May mga ideya ba kayo?

I'm not sure what to do next. Any ideas?

I have some ideas.

Mayroon akong ilang mga ideya.

He does not have any friends.

Wala siyang kahit anong kaibigan.

He hasn't got any friends.

to stay

manatili

Do you stay at home?

Some students stay at home.

May ilang estudyante na nananatili sa bahay.

to want

gusto

I want an apple.

I want some apple juice.

Gusto ko ng apple juice.

There are some apples in the kitchen.

May ilang mansanas sa kusina.

Is there any milk left?

May natira pa bang gatas?

Is there any milk left in the fridge?

free time

libreng oras

What do you do in your free time?

I do not have any free time.

Wala akong anumang libreng oras.

*Demonstratibong panghalip* "THIS/THESE"- Ginagamit kapag ang bagay na itinuturo ay malapit. "this book"- isahan "these books"- maramihan "THAT/THOSE"- Ginagamit kapag ang bagay na ating itinuturo ay mas malayo. "that book"- isahan "those books"- maramihan

this bag

itong bag na ito

What's in this bag?

That man is my friend.

Ang lalaking iyon ay kaibigan ko.

a puppy

tuta

I want a puppy.

to look

tumingin

Look at me.

Look at these puppies!

Tingnan mo ang mga tutang ito!

Look at these kittens! They're playing with a ball of yarn.

people

mga tao

Those people are funny.

over there

doon

I left my keys over there on the table.

Is the supermarket over there?

Nandoon ba ang supermarket?

those people

ang mga taong iyon

Those people over there are our friends.

those books

ang mga aklat na iyon

Are those books new?

to put

ilapag

Put it on the table.

these strawberries

itong mga strawberry

Put these strawberries in the bag.

*Usapang panahon* Ang panahon ay isang paksa na madalas na pinag-uusapan, dahil halos araw-araw itong nagbabago. Tingnan natin ang ilang kapaki-pakinabang na parirala para mapag-usapan mo kung ano ang nangyayari sa labas!😉

What’s the weather like today?

Kumusta ang panahon ngayon?

I forgot my umbrella! What’s the weather like today?

It's raining.

Umuulan.

It's raining, so we should take an umbrella.

an umbrella

isang payong

I need an umbrella because it's raining.

The weather is nice.

Maganda ang panahon.

Today, the weather is nice, so let's go to the park.

It's sunny.

Maaraw.

I love it when it's sunny outside.

It’s hot outside.

Mainit sa labas.

Don’t forget to bring water; it’s hot outside.

The weather is bad today.

Masama ang panahon ngayon.

It’s cold.

Malamig.

It’s cold outside, so don’t forget your jacket.

It’s snowing.

Bumabagsak ang niyebe.

Look outside! It’s snowing!

It’s cloudy.

Maulap.

When it’s cloudy, I like to stay inside and read a book.

It's windy.

Mahangin.

It's windy today, so I will wear a jacket.

It looks like it's going to rain.

Mukhang uulan.

*Possessive pronouns* *Dependent* - sila ay nakatayo sa harap ng salitang sila ay konektado at hindi sila nangyayari nang nakapag-iisa. "my", "your", "his", "her", "its", "our", "your", "their" "This is my car." *Independent* - maaaring tumayong mag-isa sa isang pangungusap o sa likod ng isang pangngalan "mine", "yours", "his", "hers", "its", "ours", "yours", "theirs" "This car is mine."

her voice

ang kanyang boses

Her voice sounds amazing.

our son

ang aming anak

Our son likes to play football.

their daughter

ang kanilang anak na babae

Their daughter plays the guitar.

Our son and their daughter are friends.

Magkaibigan ang anak naming lalaki at ang anak nilang babae.

What's your address?

Ano ang address mo?

his fault

kasalanan niya

This is his fault.

It's not my fault.

Hindi ko ito kasalanan.

That house is ours.

Amin ang bahay na iyan.

That house is ours. We bought it last year.

This drink is mine.

Akin ang inuming ito.

Is this car yours?

Sa iyo ba ang kotseng ito?

The child is theirs.

Sa kanila ang bata.

*Pagpapahayag ng pagmamay-ari:* Nagdaragdag kami *ng 's* kapag ang mga bagay ay pagmamay-ari ng mga tao, ngunit maaari rin itong gamitin sa mga hayop, organisasyon, at kahit ilang mga expression ng oras. "This is my sister's dog." "What are the government’s plans?" "Today’s news." Sa maramihan ay nagdaragdag lamang kami ng kudlit ( *'* ) na walang *s* : "Our sisters' dresses are long."