Destination C1 unit 14 words

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existing or available in large quantities

abundant
The country has an abundant supply of fossil fuels.

enough, and often more than you need
ample
There is ample evidence to prove his guilt.

a place on the surface of something such as a part of your body the amount of space that the surface of a place or shape covers
area
Be sure to apply sunblock to sensitive areas of your skin. The surface area of the screen should be at least one square metre.

around a usual or ordinary level or standard not very good calculated by adding a group of numbers together and dividing the total by the amount of numbers the amount, level, standard, etc that is typical of a group of people or things an amount that is calculated by adding several numbers together and dividing the total by the original number of things you added together
average
He's about average height. It was a decidedly average performance. The winds had an average speed of 15 miles per hour. Incomes here are nowhere near the national average. Add 20, 10 and 30 and find the average.

a number of things or people that arrive or are dealt with at the same time
batch
This new batch of students seems very nice.

something that is very large, wide and solid the majority or largest part of something if something is bought or sold in bulk, it is bought or sold in large quantities
bulk
something that is very large, wide and solid the majority or largest part of something if something is bought or sold in bulk, it is bought or sold in large quantities

large in size, amount or degree
considerable
She made a considerable amount of money.

very many, especially more than you think is reasonable
countless
She's made countless television appearances.

a part of a situation, especially when it influences the way you think about the situation length, height or width
dimension
Doing voluntary work has added a whole new dimension to my life. A hologram represents an object in three dimensions.

to become less to make something become less
diminish
The intensity of the sound diminished gradually. The delay may well have diminished the impact of their campaign.

a statement in mathematics that two sets of numbers or expressions are equal all the different aspects that you have to consider in a situation
equation
Solve the equation 5x - 3 = 27. In a choice between the use of rail and car, the question of cost will come into the equation.

at the same distance from two places
equidistant
The port is conveniently equidistant from the two major manufacturing centres.

to become or make larger in size and fill more space
expand
The water froze inside the pipe, causing it to expand and burst.

the importance of a problem or situation the degree to which something happens or is likely to happen the size or area of something
extent
We were shocked by the extent of the damage. The extent to which your diet is successful depends on your willpower. Open the table to its fullest extent.

existing only in limited numbers or amounts or continuing only for a limited time or distance
finite
The world's finite resources must be used wisely.

physical strength or violence the influence or powerful effect that someone has a power that makes an object move or changes the way it moves to make someone do something that they do not want to do, for example by using or threatening to use violence to use physical force to move something in a particular direction
force
They accused the police of using excessive force during the arrest. We have convinced people by the force of our argument. It fell because of the force of gravity. He claims that police officers forced him to sign a confession. She forced the package

a small part or amount of something a division or part of a whole number, for example 1/2 or 3/4
fraction
His shares are now worth a fraction of their former value. 0.5 can also be written as a fraction 1/2.

a large pile of something, especially an untidy pile to make a big untidy pile of things
heap
His clothes were in a crumpled heap on the floor. Bundles of clothing were heaped on the floor.

a situation in which the balance between two things is not equal or fair
imbalance
There's an increasing social imbalance in recruitment to higher education.

extremely large
immense
An immense amount of money has already been spent on the project.

strength
intensity
The cross-examination increased in intensity.

great size, importance or effect
magnitude
We hadn't grasped the magnitude of the task we were facing.

important, serious, large or great
major
Age is a major factor affecting chances of employment.

a large quantity or number the amount of physical matter an object contains
mass
There's a mass of competing antivirus programs you can choose from. This rock has a mass of 1 kg.

smaller or less than you want or need
meagre
There was only a meagre food supply.

not very important in comparison with people or things of the same type
minor
Some minor changes may be necessary.

very small
minute
The soil contained minute quantities of uranium. This detail is minute and not important. I will be there in a minute. Can you wait a minute?

involving or consisting of many people, things or parts a number that you can divide by a smaller number an exact number of times
multiple
Words can have multiple meanings. 12 is a multiple of four. She has multiple hobbies, including painting and dancing. The test had multiple choice questions. He received multiple awards for his achievements.

a quantity of something that is a part or share of the whole
proportion
Only a small proportion of graduates fail to find employment.

to measure or describe something as a quantity
quantify
The benefits are difficult to quantify.

the number of times something happens, or the number of examples of something within a particular period of time the speed at which something happens within a particular period of time to consider that someone or something has a particular quality or has achieved a particular standard or level
rate
There's been a dramatic fall in the city's crime rate. The population was growing at an alarming rate. In a recent poll, the environment is rated as the number one issue by 30% of the voters.

a relationship between two things expressed as two numbers or amounts
ratio
The ratio of expenditure to revenue was an alarming 4:1.

a limited amount of something, especially food, that you are allowed to have, for example when there is not much available or when someone else is controlling it to control the supply of something such as food so that people are allowed only a fixed amount
ration
There's a ration of two eggs per person. During the strike, petrol had to be rationed.

to become or make something smaller in size
shrink
Do you think this dress will shrink if I handwash it?

as much as is needed
sufficient
Bedside lighting alone is not sufficient for most bedrooms.

an amount of money a simple calculation
sum
He was fined a sum of £1,000. John's just starting to do sums at school.

not regular in terms of size, length, quality or quantity
uneven
The economy has prospered, but growth has been uneven.

extremely large
vast
We found ourselves on a vast empty plain.

an amount of something the amount of space something takes or can be filled with
volume
The total volume of trade has reached £800 million. The petrol tank has a volume of over 20 gallons.

happening or existing in many places, or affecting many people
widespread
The project has received widespread public support.

money or other help that the government gives people who need financial help, for example because they do not have a job an advantage you get from a situation to get help or an advantage from something
benefit
There has been an increase in the number of people claiming benefit. The new sports centre will bring lasting benefit to the community. Thousands of households could benefit under the scheme.

money that someone receives because something bad has happened to them
compensation
Victims of the world's largest industrial accident were paid $470 million compensation.

money that a court orders you to pay someone because you have harmed them or their property
damages
The jury awarded damages of over $9 million to the victims.

an amount of money that you owe
debt
By this time we had debts of over £15,000.

to take an amount or number from a total
deduct
Nothing will be deducted from your pay without your consent.

a first payment that you make when you agree to buy or rent something expensive such as a car or house an amount of money that you pay into a bank account to pay money into a bank account
deposit
She paid a £500 deposit, and agreed to pay the balance within six months. He made a £2,000 cash deposit on 5th April. Billions of dollars are deposited in banks every day.

an order to a bank to regularly pay money from your account to a person or organisation
direct debit
I pay all my bills by direct debit.

a share of the profits of a company, paid once or twice a year to the people who own the company's shares
dividend
The company will not be paying shareholders a dividend this year.

a first payment that you make when you are buying something and are going to pay the rest later
down payment
She made a £500 down payment, and agreed to pay the balance within six months.

decisions on how money is spent or invested money that is used to pay for something such as a large project to pay for something such as a large project
finance
He's now studying international banking and finance. The college has had to close due to lack of finance. The scheme is being financed by the Arts Council.

an arrangement in which you regularly pay an insurance company or other organisation an amount of money so that they will give you money if something you own is damaged, lost or stolen, or if you die or are ill or injured
insurance
You have to take out building and contents insurance as a condition of the mortgage.

money that a person or institution such as a bank charges you for lending you money
interest
You will repay the money with interest, as agreed in the contract.

money used in a way that may earn you more money, for example money used for buying property or shares in a company the process of spending money in order to improve something or make it more successful
investment
Her investments were mainly in technology stocks. Lack of investment had led to a decline in public services.

money in a single large payment rather than small separate payments
lump sum
Are you going to pay the whole amount in one lump sum?

a legal agreement in which you borrow money from a bank in order to buy a house. You pay back your mortgage by making monthly payments
mortgage
On my present salary I can't get a mortgage.

an agreement with your bank that allows you to spend money when you have no money left in your account
overdraft
Hefty fines are payable for those who exceed their overdraft limit.

an amount of money that someone who no longer works because of their age or an illness, etc is paid regularly, either by a company they once worked for or by the government
pension
He started drawing his pension last year.

one of the equal parts of a company that you can buy as a way of investing money
share
The scheme allows employees to buy shares in the company.

to take the risk of investing your money in a company in the hope that you can make a big profit later by selling the shares you buy
speculate
Have you been speculating on the stock market?

to take money from a bank account
withdraw
You can withdraw cash at any of our branches.

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