雅思备考课程英语单词
by DuoCards
欢迎参加雅思精通课程!
我们将涵盖高分所需的关键词汇、语法时态、技巧和窍门。课程从口语和写作开始,重点关注常见错误,然后是时态复习和新词汇。语法从简单开始,逐渐深入。
让我们从口语部分开始。💭
把它当作一次对话——尽量保持放松和自然。最好避免背诵答案,因为考官通常能看出来。每天尝试说一点,即使只是和自己或AI对话——这真的会有所不同!
我们整理了一些实用短语,可以帮助你听起来更流利。只要注意不要过度使用——平衡是关键。
祝你好运!
Let's roll!
我们出发吧!
When the movie was about to start, the director shouted, "Let's roll!

to kick things off
为了拉开序幕
To kick things off, I would like to introduce our guest speaker.
on the flip side
另一方面
I know that the weather is great for a picnic today, but on the flip side, it might be too hot for some people.

it goes without saying
不言而喻
It goes without saying that you should always wear a seatbelt while driving.
to sum up
总而言之
To summarize, the report highlights the key findings of our research and provides recommendations for future action.
to put it differently
换句话说
To put it differently, exercise is not just about physical health but also about mental well-being.
in a nutshell
简而言之
To put it in a nutshell, we need to work harder to achieve our goals.
to draw a parallel
类比
To draw a parallel, just as exercise strengthens the body, reading regularly strengthens the mind.
to play a crucial role in
在……中起关键作用
Dedicated teachers play a crucial role in shaping the future of their students.
to put it simply
简单来说
To put it simply, the project was a failure.

to delve deeper into this
深入探讨这一问题
To delve deeper into this, one must consider the long-term impacts of climate change on coastal communities.
任务1更*入门*。在任务2中,你需要*表达你的想法*,也许还有*感受*。
让我们看看你可以使用哪些短语:
in my opinion
在我看来
In my opinion, this movie is really good.
on one hand, on the other hand
一方面,另一方面
On one hand, online education offers flexibility and accessibility. On the other hand, it can lack the personal interaction that traditional classrooms provide.
I firmly believe that
我坚信
I firmly believe that investing in healthcare infrastructure is vital for the well-being of a nation.
as far as I'm concerned
对我而言
As far as I'm concerned, the best way to learn English is to practice speaking it every day.
for instance
例如
I like to do outdoor activities, for instance, hiking and camping.
an emerging trend is
一个新兴的趋势是
An emerging trend is the shift towards remote work, which has been accelerated by recent global events.
it's worth noting that
值得注意的是
It's worth noting that bilingual individuals often have cognitive advantages over monolinguals.
striking a balance between
在……之间取得平衡
Striking a balance between work and leisure is essential for maintaining mental health and overall happiness.
现在,在口语测试的第 3 部分,您需要能够*谈论抽象概念*。为此,您可以使用*形象化的语言和成语*来打动考官。但只能使用您真正熟悉的成语,如果出错,扣分会更多。
down in the dumps
情绪低落
I've been feeling down in the dumps since I lost my job.
over the moon
欣喜若狂
I was over the moon when I found out I got the job.
lose track of time
忘记了时间
I was so absorbed in my book that I lost track of time and missed my appointment.
look on the bright side
往好处想
I know you didn't get the job you wanted, but look on the bright side - you have a lot of experience now and can apply for other positions.
not my cup of tea
不是我的菜
I don't really like horror movies, they're not my cup of tea.
*干得好*你已经学会了大多数常用的口语短语。
在此基础上,我还会给你一些短语,以提高你在所有口语任务中的*连贯性和沟通技巧*。
*一定要有意识地练习它们,直到它们成为你的第二天性^^。*

I couldn't agree more
我再同意不过了
I couldn't agree more. We need to work together to find a solution.
to wrap things up
最后
I'd like to thank everyone for coming today. To wrap things up, I just want to remind you of our next meeting date.
building on that
在此基础上
Building on that, we can see how technological advancements not only improve our daily lives but also open up new opportunities for innovation and growth in various industries.
to be well-off
富有
My neighbor is well-off. He drives a luxury car and has a big house.
to be fed up
受够了
I'm fed up with this job. I need to find something new.
a hot potato
烫手山芋
The issue of gun control is a hot potato in the United States.
in my personal experience
根据我个人的经验
In my personal experience, studying abroad has greatly enhanced my understanding of different cultures and improved my language skills.
in light of these considerations
鉴于这些考虑
In light of these considerations, it is clear that stricter environmental regulations are necessary to combat climate change effectively.

to twist someone's arm
强迫某人做某事
She didn't want to go to the party, but her friends twisted her arm.
without a shadow of doubt
毫无疑问
Without a shadow of a doubt, investing in education is one of the best ways to ensure a prosperous future for our society.
还有一件事,在说话时使用*模糊语言*非常重要。
你可以使用模糊表达来在你的讲话中*表达不确定性*。
"It could be..."
"This might be..."
注意关于敏感话题的强烈主张和陈述。使用模糊语言使你的讲话更顺畅、更敏感。
It might well be that...
很有可能……
It might well be that the rise in remote work will lead to significant changes in how cities are designed in the future..
I am not sure but...
我不确定,但是……
I am not sure but it seems that learning multiple languages can enhance cognitive abilities and cultural understanding.
As it seems that...
看起来……
As it seems that climate change is accelerating, urgent action from all nations is required to mitigate its effects.
It might look...
它看起来可能……
It might look like a simple solution, but implementing renewable energy on a large scale involves complex planning and significant investment.
现在我们需要解决*写作中最常见的错误*。
在写作中,你可能会遇到*条形图*(图形、示意图和图表),你必须对其进行描述。很多人都不知道如何描述,结果不必要地丢分。*你不会这样!*
这里有一些词汇可以帮助您通过写作任务。
pie chart
饼图
A pie chart can be used to show the percentage of students in a class who prefer different types of music.
line graph
折线图
The line graph depicts the changes in unemployment rates over the last decade.
bar graph
柱状图
The bar graph shows the population of five countries in 2020.
bar chart
柱状图
A bar chart comparing the sales of different products in a store.
to compare
比较
The data compare the performance of students in mathematics and science.
to imply
暗示
The results of the study imply that exercise can reduce stress.
to indicate
暗示
The data indicated a decrease in sales.
similar
相似的
The two graphs are very similar.
to illustrate
举例说明
The graph illustrates the relationship between education level and income.
to depict
描绘
The chart depicts the annual rainfall in different regions.

from the graph it is clear
从图中可以清楚地看出
From the graph, it is clear that the majority of respondents prefer digital over print media.
小提示:如果您想这样写:*%*的单词。
正确的写法是*per cent*
per cent
百分之
10 per cent increase
尽量在写作中保持尽可能的*连贯性*。每个新想法都要开始一个新段落。
始终仔细检查拼写和语法。请*完整回答问题*。不要写你想写的内容或只是部分回答问题。
写你需要写的内容。
我还会给你*一些标点符号的提示*,因为很多人不知道如何正确使用它。
英语的*标点符号*是不同的,有时它*可以拯救生命!*
"Time to eat children. vs Time to eat, children."
你能明白我的意思吗?
我们在直接引语前也使用逗号。
"She said, 'hurry up'!"
我们在however, nevertheless, to be honest等短语后也总是需要使用逗号。
however
然而
She is very talented. However, she lacks confidence.
nevertheless
尽管如此
I know it's raining. Nevertheless, I'm going for a walk.
to be honest
说实话
To be honest, I didn't like the movie.
firstly
首先
Firstly, I would like to thank everyone for coming today.
first of all
首先
First of all, let's discuss the main issues we need to address.
moreover
此外
The hotel has a great location. Moreover, the staff is very friendly.
furthermore
此外
I don't think we should go out tonight. Furthermore, it's supposed to rain.
conversely
相反地
Some people believe that money brings happiness. Conversely, others believe that money can't buy happiness.
*在谈论更多事情时,我们可以但不必使用逗号*。
"I like Eva, Marina, and Nicol." vs"I love cats, dogs and horses."
但是,如果不加逗号,有时会*有点混乱*:
"I love my parents, Bill Gates and Pamela Anderson."
不幸的是,比尔-盖茨和帕梅拉-安德森不是我的父母。因此,在他们之间最好也使用逗号。
to adhere
粘附
The tape adheres well to the wall.
antiquity
古代
In antiquity, people relied on natural remedies and herbs for healing before the advent of modern medicine.
conscious
清醒的
She was conscious throughout the surgery.
faulty
有缺陷的
The engineer inspected the machine and found several issues: a faulty valve, a broken circuit, and a worn-out gear.
最后一个问题:*什么时候在形容词之间使用逗号?*
如果我们可以用*和*来代替逗号,我们就在形容词之间使用逗号:
"He is a nice and friendly man" -> "He is nice, friendly man."
但是,*如果我们不能在它们之间使用和,那么就没有逗号*:
"I adore delicious French croissants."
在这里说美味和法国的羊角面包是没有意义的。
scrumptious
美味的
She cooked a scrumptious meal for us.
to purchase something
购买某物
I need to purchase some new clothes for the party.
previous
上一个
The previous owner of the house left some furniture behind.
to attend
参加
I will attend the school meeting tomorrow.
*通常,不要在 but/and 前面使用逗号。*
"I want to swim in the ocean but I am terrified of sharks."
但是,如果你想要停顿一下,可以使用逗号。在这种情况下,你需要根据直觉来确定逗号的位置。
"My best friend loves snakes, but not all of my friends like them."
我们还在改变句子主语时使用逗号:
"My teacher is very strict sometimes, but that's what I like about her."
此外,如果你*以从属子句开头*,也需要使用逗号,但我们已经在条件句中讨论过这个问题。
"If you have time, call me."
to elucidate
阐明
Could you please elucidate your point? I'm not sure I understand.
to lament
哀悼
He sat alone in his room, lamenting his decision to drop out of college.
inexhorable
不可阻挡的
The inexorable rise of global temperatures highlights the urgent need for action on climate change.
ephemeral
转瞬即逝的
The beauty of cherry blossoms is ephemeral.
*祝贺你们你们已经通过了实践部分。现在该学习语法了!*
我们将*从现在进行时*开始,这是最基本的语法,但即使是高级英语学习者也会*在第三人称单数或疑问句中犯错*,请至少试着复习一下。
我们用现在进行时表示
*现在的*事情:"I like ice cream"
*经常*发生的事情:"I play tennis every Sunday"
*永远真实的*事情:"Water boils at 100 degrees"
to suffer
遭受
He suffers from anxiety and depression.
The consistent increase in urban population density significantly enhances the demand for public transportation infrastructure.
城市人口密度的持续增长显著提高了对公共交通基础设施的需求。
to not mind doing something
不介意做某事
I don't mind walking in the dark. I am not scared.
to research
研究
I need to do some research for my history paper.
to be keen on
对……感兴趣
She is keen on learning new languages.
unless
除非
I won't go to the party unless my friend comes with me.
*小心第三人称单数!*如果漏掉,考官会扣分。
他、她、它 - 喜欢、想要、做......
当我们提到动物时,我们使用它。
只有当我们与动物保持良好关系时,我们才能对动物使用性别。"My dog is called Miky, I love him!"
使用多人时要小心:"My mother and I are ..."

The advanced coating effectively shields the spacecraft from harmful cosmic radiation.
这种先进的涂层能有效地保护航天器免受有害宇宙辐射的影响。
to rotate
旋转
The Earth rotates on its axis.

John and I are orphans.
约翰和我都是孤儿。
to reflect
反映
His behaviour reflects his true self.
to alleviate
缓解
The new policy alleviates the financial burden on low-income families.
*问题:*
我们在问题中使用*do/does*:"Do you play the piano? Does she like him?"
我们也在*疑问词*中使用它:"Where do Anjela and Rita work? What time does he finish?"
*但是!带有 who 的问题不使用 do/does*:"Who lives in London? Who plays football?"
species
物种
Why do scientists classify different species of plants and animals?

What type of insecticide is most effective against aphids?
哪种类型的杀虫剂对蚜虫最有效?
vast
巨大的
What makes the Sahara Desert such a vast and inhospitable region?
swarm
蜂群
What role does communication play in the behavior of a swarm?
proliferation
扩散
How does the proliferation of technology impact our daily lives?
to refute
反驳
How do you refute the claim that renewable energy sources are too costly to implement?
*负面:*
在口语中我们可以使用缩写;然而,*在正式的电子邮件或文章中,我们必须使用完整形式。*
do not (完整形式) = don't (缩写形式): "I don't like fast food."
does not = doesn't: "She doesn't want to come."
to rival
竞争
The new technology does not rival the efficiency of traditional methods.
to amplify
放大
The small speaker doesn't amplify the sound enough for the large room.
male
男性
He does not exhibit the typical characteristics associated with male behavior in the species.
ostentatious
炫耀的
He doesn't appreciate people who are ostentatious in their behavior.
让我们继续学习*现在进行时!*
我们总是需要动词的现在时态*be和动词的-ing*结尾。
我们用它来谈论:
在*说话时刻*正在发生的活动。

to generate
生成
The wind turbines are currently generating renewable energy for the entire region.
to become
成为
The company is becoming a leader in renewable energy.
to outlast
比...持久
He is outlasting all his competitors in the marathon.
ubiquitous
无处不在的
Smartphones are becoming ubiquitous, changing the way we communicate.
但是我们也使用现在进行时来表示*未来的计划和安排。*
当我们知道某事在未来是*“100%计划好的”。*
有人说90%,有人说99%……我敢说100%,除非发生了什么悲剧。
to hunt
打猎
They are going hunting next weekend.

Next week we are preparing survival kits for the camping trip.
下周我们将为露营旅行准备生存包。
to harm
损害
She is advocating for policies that prevent chemicals from harming the environment.
among
在……中间
Tensions are rising among the team members as the deadline approaches.
*我们在使用情态动词时不使用连绵词。*
思维和感觉的及物动词:"believe, dislike, know, like, love, hate, prefer, realise, recognize, remember, suppose, think (believe), understand, want, and wish"
感官的及物动词:"appear, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste"
和其他情态动词:"agree, be, belong, disagree, need, owe, own, possess?"

to prefer
更喜欢
She prefers tea to coffee.

to suppose
假设
I suppose we should leave now to avoid the traffic.
to owe
欠
I owe you an explanation for my behavior.
to belong
属于
These books belong to the library.
我们还使用现在进行时来谈论在特定时间前后发生的事情:
*happening before and after a specific time:*
"At eight o'clock we are usually having breakfast."
用于我们认为是暂时的事情。
*we think is temporary.*
"Michael is at university. He's studying history."
用于新的并与之前状态形成对比的事情。
*new and contrasts with a previous state.*
"These days most people are using email instead of writing letters."
用于正在变化、成长或发展的事情。
*changing, growing or developing.*
"The children are growing up quickly."

Michael is at university. He's studying history.
迈克尔在上大学。他正在学习历史。
to roar
咆哮
The crowd is roaring with excitement as the concert begins.
gullible
轻信他人的
Even before the seminar, people are becoming more gullible, falling for obvious scams.
to persuade
说服
I am working hard to persuade the committee before the deadline next Friday.
现在进行时也用于描述某事反复发生(通常带有负面含义——我们通常使用“总是”):
"It's always raining in London."
He is always nitpicking at her and they are always arguing.
他总是对她挑三拣四,两人总是吵个不停。
to inundate
淹没
She is always inundating us with unnecessary emails.
conundrum
难题
He always finds himself facing the same conundrum of choosing between his career and personal life.
to adapt
适应
We are always adapting our strategies to keep up with the rapidly changing market trends..
我们可以用现在进行时来*谈论过去*:
*讲述一个故事或总结一本书、一部电影或一出戏。*
The other day I'm just walking down the street when suddenly this man comes up to me and asks me to lend him some money.
前几天我正走在街上,突然有个男人走过来问我借钱。

Well, he's carrying a big stick and he looks a bit dangerous, so I'm wondering what to do …
嗯,他手里拿着一根大棍子,看起来有点危险,所以我在想该怎么办……
Harry Potter is a pupil at Hogwarts school. One day when he is playing Quidditch he sees a strange object in the sky. He wonders what is happening …
哈利·波特是霍格沃茨学校的一名学生。有一天,当他在打魁地奇球时,看到天空中出现了一个奇怪的物体。他很想知道发生了什么事……
现在是时候学习*现在完成时!*
我们用*主语 + have/has + 过去分词*来构造它。
"I have introduced myself."
我们用它来谈论*发生在过去但影响现在*并且可能会继续到未来的事情。
I have never caught a glimpse of that.
我从未见过那个。

They have been pronounced husband and wife.
他们已被宣布结为夫妻。
I have had my share of ups and downs.
我经历过人生的起起落落。
I've just published this research I've carried out.
我刚刚发布了我所做的这项研究。

I haven't given up on him yet.
我还没对他死心。
让我们来看看*gone to 和 been to 之间的区别:*
去了 = 这个人还在外地
去过 = 该人有过离开该地的经历,但已经返回"。

She has gone to Belgium. She should return in December.
她去比利时了,应该会在十二月回来。
He has been to many exquisite places.
他去过许多优美的地方。
voracious
贪婪的
She has been to several book fairs, driven by her voracious appetite for reading.
to suggest
建议
I suggest we go to the new Italian restaurant downtown; I've been to it once, and the food was amazing.
现在每个人最喜欢的*现在完成进行时。*
我们通过使用*主语 + have/has been + -ing*来构成它。
我们通常用这个来强调某事*在现在仍在继续。*
我们只用动态动词来搭配这个语法时态。

She has been living in whimsical Africa since 1995.
自1995年以来,她一直生活在变幻莫测的非洲。
I have been painting on this canvas all morning.
我整个上午都在这块画布上画画。
She is all sweaty. She has been climbing that oak tree.
她浑身是汗。她刚才一直在爬那棵橡树。

They have been cutting down these damaged pine trees.
这些受损的松树一直被砍伐。
顺便说一下,*我们也可以用现在完成时表示将来时。*
通常我们会使用现在完成时,而您却可以使用现在完成时,来展示您高超的英语技能:
"We will begin when everyone arrives."
vs
"We will gegin when everyone has arrived."
I'll keep on looking until I have found my book.
我会一直找下去,直到找到我的书为止。

I will not stop until I have become the best leader.
在成为最优秀的领导者之前,我绝不会停下脚步。
ineffable
难以言喻的
By the time they finish the project, the team will have created an ineffable masterpiece.
resilient
有韧性的
By next year, she will have become even more resilient in handling challenges.

anticipate
预料
By the time the project is completed, we will have anticipated all potential challenges and addressed them accordingly.
我们已经检查了现在时态,现在是时候学习*一般过去时*了。我们用它来谈论:
- 过去发生的事情 - "I crashed my car into a bridge last week."
- 过去发生过几次的事情 - "I made jokes about him each time I saw him."
- 过去某段时间内真实的事情 - "I lacked motivation for my exam, that's why it took me 3 attempts."
- 我们在过去时中使用表达*ago* - "I met my wife 30 years ago."
在一般过去时中,我们通常在动词后加*-ed*。但是有一些*不规则动词*需要额外的时间来掌握。
让我们从那些在三种形式中都不同的动词开始:
to bear (bore, borne)
忍受
to blow (blew, blown)
吹
The strong wind blew the papers off the table.
to be (was/were, been)
是
She was the top performer in last night's talent show.
to shake (shook, shaken)
摇动
She shook the rug to remove the dust.
to shrink (shrank, shrunk)
缩水
The sweater shrank in the wash, so now it's too small for me to wear.
to tear (tore, torn)
撕裂
I accidentally tore my shirt on a nail.
现在我们来举例说明这些*不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的相同形式:*
to creep (crept, crept)
蹑手蹑脚地走
I crept up the stairs so as not to wake the baby.
to cling (clung, clung)
紧紧抓住
The child clung to his mother's hand as they walked through the crowded mall.
to mean (meant, meant)
打算
I meant to call you yesterday, but I got busy with work.
to seek (sought, sought)
寻找
She sought help from her friends.
to spin (span/spun, spun)
旋转
The dancer spun gracefully across the stage during her performance.
to sting (stung, stung)
刺
The bee stung him on the arm while he was gardening.
to breed (bred, bred)
繁殖
The farmers bred the cattle for increased milk production.
to light (lit, lit)
点燃
She lit the candles before the guests arrived.
to sweep (swept, swept)
清扫
She swept the leaves from the driveway.
to shoot (shot, shot)
射击
The basketball player shot the ball into the hoop.
那么,我们也有*三种不变的形式:*
to upset (upset, upset)
使心烦意乱
The news upset him deeply, leaving him in a somber mood all day.
to bid (bid, bid)
告别
She bid farewell to her friends as she left for her new job abroad.
许多人混淆了动词的过去时和分词 *to lie (to tell a lie), to lie (lying on a surface), and to lay (to lay down):*
to lie (lied, lied)
撒谎
He lied about his whereabouts to avoid getting into trouble.

to lie on a surface (lay, lain)
平躺在表面上
The cat lay on the sunny windowsill all afternoon.
to lay (laid, laid)
放置
She laid the baby down in the crib.
很多人都忘了,在假设(当你想象某件事情时)中提到现在或未来时,我们可以使用过去式。
"Imagine you won the lottery. What would you do?"

Imagine you encountered an ancient artifact. How perplexed would you be by its origins?
想象一下你遇到了一件古代器物。你对其起源会有多困惑?
现在我们要复习一种不太常用的时态。但它经常出现在测试中,你在现实生活中也可能会遇到!
我们使用*过去完成时(had + 过去分词)*来谈论*过去某个时间点之前的时间:*
我们还使用它*来显示两个过去事件的顺序。*过去完成时表示较早的动作,过去简单时表示较晚的动作:
我们经常在这个时态中使用*already, still, just, ever, 或 never。*
to scurry
小步疾跑
By the time the storm hit, the mice had already scurried into their burrows.
to snuggle
依偎
The children had snuggled under the blankets before the power went out.
to neglect
疏忽
She had neglected to water the plants for weeks, and they had all wilted.
By the time the final exam started, the sheer amount of material to review had already overwhelmed the students.
期末考试开始时,繁重的复习资料已经让学生们不堪重负了。
to testify
作证
The witness had testified in court before the new evidence was discovered.
我们使用*过去完成进行时*来表示某件事*在过去开始并持续到某个特定时间点:*
"When George died, he and Anne had been married for nearly fifty years."
或者表示某件事*在过去的某个时间点之前发生了多次,并在那个时间点之后继续发生:*
"He was a wonderful guitarist. He had been playing ever since he was a teenager."
或者当我们*报告我们在过去某个时间点之前的经历时:*
"My thirtieth birthday was the worst day I had ever had."
并且就像现在完成时一样,我们在过去完成时中使用*for 和 since*。

She had been working tirelessly for months, hoping that her efforts would eventually yield significant results.
她几个月来一直孜孜不倦地工作,希望她的努力最终能取得显著的成果。
to regard
看待
He had been regarding her with suspicion long before the truth came out.
to sneak
溜
They had been sneaking out of the house every night to meet their friends.
to meddle
干涉
She had been meddling in their affairs for months without their knowledge.
现在让我们进入一个时态,叫做*将来进行时 (will/won't be + -ing)。*
我们用它来谈论*在未来特定时间正在进行的未来动作:*
"When you come home, I'll be boarding a plane."
或者我们认为是*新的、不同的或临时的事情:*
"Today we're taking the bus but next week we'll be taking the train."
to extort
敲诈
The corrupt officials will be extorting money from local businesses for protection.
to falter
犹豫
The novice speaker will be faltering during his first big presentation.
to gauge
测量
The scientist will be gauging the reactions of the participants in the experiment.
to grapple
应对
The team will be grappling with the complex problem throughout the week.
The construction on the main road will be hindering traffic flow for the next few weeks.
主干道的施工将在接下来的几周内阻碍交通流量。
对于将来,我们也使用*将来完成时(will/won't have + 过去分词)。*这种时态用于我们谈论某件事在将来某个特定时间之前*将会完成。{
"当我回来时,你会已经上床睡觉了吗?"
我们可以使用像*by*或*by the time*(在某个时间点之前),*in*或*in a day's time/in two months' time/in five years' time*(在这段时间结束时)来表示动作完成的时间段。
"等我完成这门课程时,我将已经复习完所有的英语时态。"
"三年后,我将从大学毕业。"
to inhibit
抑制
By the end of the year, the new regulations will have inhibited further development in the area.
to lack
缺乏
By the time the project is completed, we will have lacked the necessary resources to achieve the desired results.
to magnify
放大
The telescope will have magnified the distant stars, making them visible to the naked eye.
to laugh
笑
By the time the party is over, everyone will have laughed at the hilarious jokes and stories.

By the end of the year, the company will have abandoned its outdated policies in favor of more innovative practices.
到今年年底,该公司将废除其过时的政策,转而采用更具创新性的做法。
to outline
概述
By the end of the meeting, we will have outlined the entire project plan in detail.
我们现在已经*复习了所有的英语时态。*然而,我们还没有复习如何在某些情况下组合它们...*在某些条件下。*
我想你能明白我的意思。现在我们要复习*条件句*,因为很多人在这方面犯错误。
我敢打赌你不想在考试中失去那些宝贵的分数,所以让我们开始吧!

Practice makes perfect!
熟能生巧!
在英语中有*4种主要的条件句:零条件句、第一条件句、第二条件句和第三条件句*……然后还有*混合条件句*,但让我们先复习那些“简单”的条件句。
条件句描述了*某个条件的结果。* *if从句*告诉你*条件*,而*主句*告诉你*结果*。
"If you study hard, you will pass the exam."
从句的顺序不会改变意思。但要注意标点符号!
If I finish this course, I will be ready for the IELTS exam!
如果我完成这门课程,我就为雅思考试做好准备了!
零条件句只是*基于事实。* 在*两边*都使用*一般现在时*:
"If you freeze water, it becomes solid."
*注意标点符号!* 我们在*if从句之后*使用它,但在它之前不使用!
"Water becomes solid if you freeze it."
to bestow
授予
If you consistently demonstrate excellence, the organization bestows awards upon you.
to betray
背叛
If you betray someone's trust, they do not forgive you easily.
You circumvent many common issues if you follow the proper guidelines.
如果你遵循正确的准则,就可以规避许多常见问题。
to confess
承认
If you confess your mistakes, people appreciate your honesty.
to confine
限制
If you confine your creativity, you do not reach your full potential.
*第一条件句* 用于 *我们认为可能发生的未来情况:*
"If it rains, we will stay at home."
*if/when 从句 + 一般现在时, will + 动词原形*
你也可能会遇到像 *unless, as long as, as soon as,* 或 *in case* 代替 *if* 的用法。
"I'll leave as soon as Lucy arrives."
"I don't want to do it unless you treat me with respect."
"I will show you to the kitchen in case you get hungry."
"You can call my sister as long as you stay just friends."
to deplore
谴责
If the company implements unfair policies, employees will deplore the management's decisions.
to invoke
引起
If the situation becomes dire, the leader will invoke emergency powers.

If you don't handle the machinery carefully, it might maim you.
如果你不小心操作这台机器,它可能会使你残废。
to grab
抓取
If you see a good opportunity, you will grab it without hesitation.
*第二条件句* 用于不可能发生的情况,这些情况 *不太可能发生:*
"If we moved to a bigger house, we could get another dog."
结构: *if 从句 + 过去式, would + 动词原形*
当 *if 后跟动词 be* 时,语法上正确的用法是 *were*: "if I were, if she were."
这样我们可以表达在某种条件下的 *可能性*,这源自古英语。
然而,你通常可以使用并听到 *if she/he was*,这也是 *正确的*。
"I wouldn't do that if I were you."
"If she was president, she would invest in education more."
"If he were a little nicer, I would consider him a good match."
If I were as nimble as a gymnast, I would join the acrobatics team.
如果我像体操运动员一样敏捷,我就会加入杂技队。
to salivate
流口水
If you placed a delicious meal in front of him, he would start to salivate instantly.
to staple
装订
If we ran out of staples, we would find it difficult to complete our reports efficiently.
to summarize
总结
If we had more time, we could summarize the report in greater detail.
现在事情变得真实了,或者说……超现实?让我们进入*第三条件句*。它用于*想象不同的过去*。通常当我们*后悔*某事或想要*改变过去*时……但这是*不可能的*。
"If I had paid more attention, I wouldn't have to study as much."
结构:*if + 过去完成时, would have + 过去分词*
If she had squeezed through the narrow gap, she would have reached the exit in time.
如果她当时挤过了那个狭窄的缝隙,她就能及时到达出口了。
to suppress
镇压
If the government had suppressed the evidence, the truth would never have come to light.
to tweak
微调
If she had tweaked the formula slightly, the experiment might have been successful.
to digest
消化
If I had properly digested all the information, I would have understood the topic better.
to evaluate
评估
If we had evaluated the risks more thoroughly, we would have avoided the project's major setbacks.
现在到了“最终boss”。是的,你猜对了……*混合条件句*。
当我们想象一个*过去的改变导致现在的结果,或者现在的改变导致过去的结果*时,我们可以使用它们。
你觉得这没有意义吗?让我们看看一些例子:
"If I hadn't got the job in Tokyo, I wouldn't be with my current partner."
在这种情况下,我们想象过去的一个改变会导致现在的结果。
结构:*if + 过去完成时, would + 动词原形*
"It's really important. If it wasn't, I wouldn't have called you on your holiday."
这里说话者解释了现在情况的改变如何影响过去的改变。
结构:*if + 过去简单时, would have + 过去分词*

hawk
鹰
If he had studied ornithology, he would be able to identify that bird as a hawk now.
arduous
艰巨的
If she had not taken on such an arduous task, she would have more energy now.
If he had been more meticulous with his work, he would be enjoying a promotion right now.
如果他对待工作再细心一点,现在可能已经获得晋升了。

If she were more proactive, her success would have been contingent on her hard work and dedication.
如果她更积极主动一些,她的成功将取决于她的努力和奉献。
vibrant
充满活力的
If she were more outgoing, she would have made a vibrant speech at the conference last week.
本课程*到此结束*!希望对您有所帮助!
*祝你在雅思考试中取得好成绩*
Break a leg!
祝你演出成功!
I have a big audition tomorrow." "Break a leg!