خولی ئاستی ناوەندوشەکانی ئینگلیزی

by DuoCards

*Welcome to the Intermediate Course!* ئەم کۆرسە بەردەوام دەبێت بۆ ئەوەی هەست بە دڵنیایی بکەیت لە ئینگلیزی! ئێمە فێری پەیوەندیدانی وشەی ڕەنگەکان دەبین، لەسەر دوایینەکان قسە دەکەین، فەعلە ڕەوتەکان دەفەڕین و زۆرتر. *But before we get to it, let’s warm up with a few useful words and phrases.*

fluency

ڕەوانی

Improving your fluency takes practice.

rewarding

بەرهەمدار

Volunteering at the animal shelter is a rewarding experience.

achievement

سەرکەوتن

He felt proud of his achievement when he finished the marathon.

English fluency is a great achievement.

فێربوونی زمانی ئینگلیزی بە ڕەوانی دەستکەوتێکی گەورەیە.

skills

کارامەیی

Learning new skills can be fun and rewarding.

She hopes to acquire new skills.

ئەو هیوادارە شارەزایی نوێ بەدەست بهێنێت.

confident

متمانەبەخۆ

Being confident can help you succeed.

challenging

ئاستەم

Learning a new language can be challenging, but it is very rewarding.

knowledge

زانیاری

She has a lot of knowledge about animals and their habitats.

I get along with my coworkers.

Ez bi hevalên xwe yên kar re baş im.

She's slightly late.

کەمێک دواکەوتووە

He is working hard to get a raise.

ئەو زۆر کار دەکات بۆ ئەوەی مووچەکەی زیاد بکرێت.

overwhelming

تێکشێنەر

The amount of homework was overwhelming for the students.

The workload became overwhelming.

باری سەر شانی کار بووەتە شتێکی ئەستەم.

I felt overwhelmed after the meeting.

دوای کۆبوونەوەکە هەستم بە شەکەت و ماندوێتییەکی زۆر دەکرد.

*Lêkerên Hevokî* Ma tu berê rastî *lêkerên hevedudanî* hatiyî? Werin em bi hev re li wan binêrin! Lêkera hevokî hevokek e ku *wateyek taybetî heye.* Lêkerên hevokî *lêkerek sereke* û *peyvek din* hene ku bi gelemperî an hoker an jî pêşgir e. Bo nimûne: "to put on"tê wateya cilkirin "to work out"tê wateya werzîşê

to chill out

حەسانەوە

I'm just chilling out in front of the TV.

to figure out

دۆزینەوەی ڕێگەچارە

Can you help me figure out this math problem?

I need to figure out how to fix my bike.

Pêwîst e bizanim çawa bîsîklêta xwe çê bikim.

to put on

لەبەرکردن

He put on his shoes quickly.

I put on my shoes before I go outside.

Berî ku بچمە دەرەوە، پێڵاوەکانم لەپێ دەکەم.

to turn on

داگیرساندن

I will turn on the TV to watch my favorite show.

to turn on a TV

تەلەفزیۆنەکە هەڵکە

After dinner, we usually turn on the TV to relax.

to turn off

کوژاندنەوە

I always turn off my computer before going to bed.

to turn off the lights

گوژاندنەوەی گڵۆپەکان

Before you leave the room, please turn off the lights.

to sit down

دانیشتن

Please sit down.

honestly

ڕاشکاوانە بڵێم

I honestly didn’t expect that to happen.

to come up with

دۆزینەوە

I need to come up with a good idea for my project.

She came up with a solution.

Wê çareseriyek ji bo wê pirsgirêkê dît.

Take it easy.

ئارام بگرە.

Don't worry about the exam, just take it easy.

to cheer up

دڵخۆشکردن

She knows how to cheer up the saddest person in the world.

Good music cheers me up.

مۆسیقای باش دڵخۆشم دەکات.

Go ahead!

بفەرموو!

Can we start eating, mom? - Sure, go ahead.

After work, I like to chill out and listen to music.

دوای ئیش، حەز دەکەم پشوو بدەم و گوێ لە مۆسیقا بگرم.

Keep it up!

بەردەوام بە!

Keep up the good work.

*Cureyên lêkeran ji bo asta navîn* Rengdêr strukturên ku lêker, rengdêr, biwêj û lêkerên din diguherînin in. Ka em li jêr hin lêkerên herî gelemperî û bikêr bikolin!

right now

ئێستا

I have to make a call right now!

perhaps

شایەد

Perhaps we could invite Davide and her friends to the party.

remarkably

بە شێوەیەکی بەرچاو

The athlete performed remarkably well in the competition.

bashfully

بە شەرمەوە

He was smiling bashfully. He bashfully looked away when she smiled at him.

to smile bashfully

بە شەرمنییەوە زەردەخەنە کردن

He is smiling bashfully.

carefully

بە وریاییەوە

They carefully examined the painting to see if it was an original.

Follow the instructions carefully.

بە وردی ڕێنماییەکان جێبەجێ بکە

It is not difficult to make, providing you follow the instructions carefully.

Drive carefully!

بە وریاییەوە لێ بخوڕە!

to be in love

عاشق بوون

We had fun and we were in love.

hopelessly in love

بێ هیوا لە خۆشەویستیدا

She's hopelessly in love with him.

unusually

نایاسایی

It's unusually cold outside.

rarely

kêmdar

I rarely eat dessert after dinner.

completely

بە تەواوی

She was completely surprised by the party.

I completely forgot about the meeting today.

من بە تەواوی کۆبوونەوەی ئەمڕۆم لەبیر چوو.

*Lêkerên girêdanê* Lêkerên girêdanê ew lêker in ku kiryarekê nîşan nadin lê *bireserê vedibêjin.* Dema ku lêker "walk""jump"çalakiyekê dişibînin an temsîl dikin, lêkerên mîna "be"an "seem"bêtir hûrgulî li mijarê zêde dikin, wek "he seems nice"an "she is an architect."

obvious

ڕوون -ئاشکرا

The answer to the question was obvious.

to appear

دەرکەوتن

Smoke appeared on the horizon.

fur

موو

The cat’s fur was silky.

You seem nice.

تۆ بە کەسێکی میهرەبان دیاریت.

I just met you, but you seem nice.

This place looks like a mess!

ئەم شوێنە زۆر ناڕێک دیارە

I can't believe how messy your room is! This place looks like a mess!

to look great

بۆ ئەوەی جوان دەرکەویت

Liz looks great today.

Keep calm and carry on.

ئارام بگرە و بەردەوام بە

I know you're nervous about the presentation, but just keep calm and carry on.

to remain

دەمینێتەوە

The old building remains standing despite the earthquake.

It remains the same.

وەکو خۆی دەمێنێتەوە

Despite the challenges, our determination to succeed remains the same.

to be awake

بە ئاگا بوون

I was awake but still sleepy when the sun came up.

Are you awake?

تۆ هەستیاری؟

*Rengdêrên berawirdî yên bi lêkeran re* Hûn dikarin rengdêrên wekî "slightly", "much", "a lot"berî rengdêreke berawirdî bi kar bînin. Ev tê vê wateyê ku hûn dikarin di danberhevên ku hûn dikarin bikin de naziktir bin. "The prices are slightly higher than they were last year." "Those who start early will have a much better chance of meeting their goals." "The task is a lot easier than it sounds." Bala xwe bidinê ku "much better"li dû *navdêrek* tê, lê ew dikare bi serê xwe jî bisekine.

far more

زۆر زیاتر.

Love is far more important than money.

not quite

تەواو نییە

Yet, it is not quite finished. I'm sorry, but I don't quite understand what you mean by 'cultural diversity'.

I don't quite understand.

من بەتەواوی تێناگەم

I'm sorry, but I don't quite understand what you mean by 'cultural diversity'.

slightly

کەمێک

The prices are slightly higher than they were last year.

slightly different interpretation

لێکدانەوەی کەمێک جیاواز

That is a slightly different interpretation.

Could you speak more slowly?

دەتوانی کەمێک هێواشتر قسان بکەیت؟

much more

زۆر زیاتر

People eat much more food than they should.

the least pleasant

کەمترین خۆش

He found the least pleasant part of the job to be the long hours.

much better chance

شانسێکی زۆر باشتر

They have a much better chance of winning.

the best ever

باشترین لە هەموو کاتێکدا

Yesterday I had the best pizza I've ever eaten!

Wekî ku pêşî jî dizanî, bi gelemperî, di zêdetir fêlan de, zêdekirina *–ed:* fêlên borî têne çêkirin. Lêbelê, fêlên *şekilên borî neqanûnî* pir hene di Îngilîzî de. Divê tu van bifikirî. Te fêlên neqanûnî yên di nîşan de hene.

I got a gift.

دیارییەکم پێ گەیشت.

I got a gift from my best friend.

He got the message.

نامەکەی پێ گەیشت.

He got the message from you.

I was awake.

بەخەبەر بووم.

I was awake the whole night.

I brought you a gift.

Diyariyekim ji bo te anî.

I brought you a gift for your birthday.

He drove me to work.

Ew min bi otomobîlê bir ser karî.

We ate too much.

زۆرمان خوارد.

I forgot to reply to her email.

من لەبیرم چوو وەڵامی ئیمەیڵەکەی بدەمەوە.

She drove through the storm without stopping.

Ew bêyî ku bisekine bi nav bahozê de ajot.

I knew it!

دەمدەزانی!

I knew it! The restaurant is closed on Sundays.

The school forbade students to use their phones.

قوتابخانە بەکارهێنانی مۆبایلی لەسەر قوتابیان قەدەغە کرد.

She spoke to him by phone.

بە تەلەفۆن قسەی لەگەڵ کرد.

I thought about it.

بیریم لێ کردەوە.

He caught me looking at his screen.

منی گرت کاتێک سەیری شاشەکەی ئەوم دەکرد.

I understood.

تێگەیشتم.

She explained the concept to me, and I understood.

*Bikaranîna cuda yên get* Lêker "get"dikare ji bo piraniya xwendekarên Englishngilîzî pir tevlihev xuya bike. Hûn dikarin bibihîzin ku axaftvanên xwemalî hema hema di her axaftinê de wê bikar tînin. Wateyên herî gelemperî yên vê lêkerê ev in: *1. Bistînin/bikirin* "I need to get some files from the archives." "We must get some milk. There isn’t any left." *2. Bigirin* "She gets the train to work every day." "We can get a cab back to the hotel." *3. Distînin* "Did you get my email yesterday?" "She got a beautiful necklace for her birthday." *4. Bûn* "It’s getting colder. Put on your jacket." "You can get better at English by practicing." *5. Gihîştin* "They left at 4:30 and got home at 5:30." "When do you think you’ll get here?" *6. Fêm kirin* "I didn’t get what he said. Did you?" "He got the joke but I didn’t." *7. Tiştekî biqewime* "You should get your hair cut. It’s really long." "We’re getting the car checked before our holiday."

Did you get it?

تێگەیشتی؟

I didn't get the joke.

لە نوکتەکە تێنەگەیشتم.

I didn't get the joke. Can you explain it to me?

to acquire

بەدەستهێنان

I need to acquire more information before making a decision.

Get it done.

Bicî bîne.

Just get it done, please.

I got home at midnight.

Nîvê şevê gihîştim malê.

I got home at midnight.

to get a cab

تەکسییەک گرتن

We can get a cab back to the hotel.

get better

باشتر بوون

You can get better at English by practicing.

It's getting cold.

Hewa sar dibe.

It's getting cold outside.

Did you get my message?

نامەکەم گەیشتە دەستت؟

Got it!

تێگەیشتم!

You can get better at English with DuoCards.

Tu dikarî bi DuoCards re îngilîziya xwe pêş bixî.

*Lêkerên hevedudanî yên bi get* Gelek lêkerên biwêj hene "get"ku hûn jixwe dizanin û bêyî ku li ser bifikirin bikar bînin. Bo nimûne: "What time do you get up?" "Get up"tê wateya ku hûn serê sibê ji nivînên xwe derkevin. Werin em li hin lêkerên bêjeyî yên herî girîng ên bi *get* binêrin.

get on

سەرکەوتن

Here’s the bus. Let’s get on.

Get on the train!

سوارێ شەمەندەفەرەکە ببە!

I always get nervous when I have to get on a crowded train.

to get off

دابەزین

We got off the plane and went to passport control.

to get in

سواربوون

He got in the car and put on his seatbelt.

to get out

لێرە بڕۆ

Get out of my room!

to get back

گەڕانەوە

We should get back by 7:30. Can you wait for us?

Get back immediately.

دەستبەجێ بگەڕێوە.

He told me to get back immediately after I finished my work.

to get over

تێپەڕاندن

I had flu last week but I’ve got over it now.

It took her months to get over the disappointment.

چەند مانگی پێ چوو تا لەو بێئومێدییە ڕزگاری بوو.

to get on / along with somebody

li gel kesekî baş bûn

Do you get on with your colleagues?

Despite their differences, they got along well.

Tevî cudahiyên xwe jî, ew baş bi hev re derbas dibûn.

to get across

گەیاندن

I tried to get my point across to the teacher, but she didn't seem to understand.

He struggled to get his point across.

ئەو زەحمەتیی کێشا بۆ ئەوەی مەبەستەکەی بگەیەنێت.

to get away with (something)

دەربازبوون لە (شتێک)

He stole some money from the firm but no one found out so he got away with it.

You can't get away with it!

ناتوانی لێی دەرباز بیت!

You can't get away with cheating on the test. The teacher will find out.

*Sedem û Encam* Werin em li çend peyv û hevokan binêrin ku ji we re dibe alîkar ku hûn du ramanan bi hev re bigihînin hev. Em gelek caran bêjeyên wek "because", "since", "due to", "as", , "thanks to", "therefore", bikar tînin "so"da ku behsa sedem û encamê bikin. Têbînî, ku ferqek di navbera "due to"û "thanks to". *Spas ji bo ku* *têgehek erênî* heye. *Ji ber ku* bêtir *bêalî* ye - ew dikare hem têgehek neyînî û hem jî erênî hebe.

therefore

لەبەر ئەوە

He was injured and therefore unable to play.

as a result

لە ئەنجامدا

He didn’t work hard. As a result, he was fired.

due to

لەبەر

Due to the rain, the game was cancelled.

thanks to you

بەهۆی تۆوە

Thanks to you I was able to finish the homework.

to go out

چوونە دەرەوە

Let's go out dancing!

I can’t go out as it’s raining.

ناتوانم بچمە دەرەوە چونکە باران دەبارێت.

to get a raise

مووچە زیادکردن

He is working hard in order to get a raise.

Thanks to his hard work, he got a raise.

بەهۆی کارکردنی سەختەوە، مووچەکەی بۆ زیاد کرا.

since it's your birthday

چونکە ئەمڕۆ ڕۆژی لەدایکبوونی تۆیە

Since it's your birthday, you got to be invited for lunch today.

because of

لەبەر

We cancelled the trip because of the rain.

I did it because of you.

لەبەر تۆ ئەوەم کرد.

*Piştî lêkerê çi tê?* Di Îngilîzî de gelek lêker hene û ji bo tiştên ku piştî lêkerê tê gelek şêwazên cihê hene. Hin şêweyên gelemperî ev in: *Lêker + nebinavkirî bi to* "I decided to take the car to work." "He offered to cook dinner." *Forma lêker + -ing* "It took years but I've finally quit smoking." "After she finished reading the book she turned off the light and went to sleep." *Lêker + (ew) bend* (Tu dikarî derkevî "that".) "I understand that you weren't happy with your pay rise." "I suggest that you try the salmon, it's delicious."

I love learning new vocabulary!

حەز دەکەم وشەی نوێ فێر ببم!

to quit

وازهێنان

I'm going to quit my job and travel the world.

to suggest

پێشنیارکردن

I suggest that you taste the salmon, it's delicious.

I suggest that you quit smoking.

پێشنیارت بۆ دەکەم کە واز لە جگەرەکێشان بهێنیت.

He likes telling jokes.

حەز دەکات نوکتە بگێڕێتەوە.

pay rise

بەرزکردنەوەی مووچە

Sarah received a significant pay rise this year.

to assume

pêşbînî kirin

She assumed that I knew the answer.

I assume you're right.

وا دادەنێم کە تۆ ڕاست دەکەیت.

to decide

بڕیاردان

I decided to tell her that I love her.

I decided to do it.

بڕیارم دا ئەوە بکەم.

scattered

بڵاوبووەوە

I understand that you are a bit scattered.

to be scattered

بڵاوبوونەوە

Why are they scattered?

to take care of (something/someone)

ئاگاداری (شتێک/کەسێک) بوون

She offered to take care of it.

ئەو پێشنیاری کرد کە ئاگاداری بێت.

I have a lot of work to do this weekend, but my friend offered to take care of my dog while I'm busy.

She refused to admit that she had made a mistake.

Wê red kir ku mikur bê ku wê xeletiyek kiriye.

to avoid

خۆ بەدوور گرتن

I try to avoid junk food to stay healthy.

He avoided answering the question.

ئەو خۆی لە وەڵامدانەوەی پرسیارەکە دزییەوە.

We noticed that something was wrong.

Me تێبینی کرد کە شتێک هەڵەیە.

*Zêdetir qaîdeyên* Hin lêker li gorî ku li dû wan bi *forma -ing* an jî *bi + nebinavkirî* têne peyda kirin, wateyên cihêreng hene. Bo nimûne: "Stop"*+ -ing* tê vê wateyê ku çalakî *êdî pêk nayê.* "Stop"+ *to + infinitive* tê wateya ku kesek an tiştek çalakiyek rawestîne *da ku ew karibe tiştek din bike.* "I've stopped buying the newspaper because now I read the news online." "He stopped the video to ask the students some questions."

I stopped smoking.

وازیم لە جگەرەکێشان هێنا.

I stopped to smoke.

وەستام بۆ ئەوەی جگەرەیەک بکێشم.

I was walking to work, but I stopped to smoke a cigarette.

to remember

وەبیرهاتنەوە

I'll always remember this holiday.

I remember seeing him before.

لەبیرمە پێشتر بینیومە.

I remember seeing him before, but I can't remember where.

Remember to call me.

لەبیرت نەچێت پەیوەندیم پێوە بکەیت.

to lock

قوفڵکردن

He forgot to lock the car.

He forgot to lock the door.

لەبیری چوو دەرگاکە قفڵ بکات.

He forgot to lock the door when he went out.

I remembered locking the door before leaving the house.

من لەبیرم بوو کە پێش ئەوەی لە ماڵ دەربچم دەرگاکەم کلیل دابوو.

I remembered to lock the door before I left the house.

Min ji bîr nekir ku berî ji malê derkevim derî kilîd bikim.

I'll never forget meeting you for the first time.

من هەرگیز یەکەم بینینمان لەبیر ناکەم.

I'll never forget meeting you for the first time. You were wearing a bright red shirt and had the biggest smile on your face.

to reckon

پێشبینی کردن

I reckon it will take about an hour to get there.

I'm trying to

من هەوڵ دەدەم

I'm trying to learn Japanese but it's very difficult.

Have you tried turning the computer off and on again?

ئایا هەوڵت داوە کۆمپیوتەرەکە بکوژێنیتەوە و دووبارە هەڵیبکەیتەوە؟

outstanding

ناوازە

The view from the top of the mountain was outstanding.

What an outstanding performance!

چەند نمایشێکی نایاب بوو!

*Nefret bikin, hez bikin, hez bikin û tercîh bikin* Em dikarin *nefret, wek, evîn, û bi forma -ing an jî bi înfînitive-ê tercîh bikin* . Di Îngilîzî ya Amerîkî de, formên bi to-infinitive ji forma -ing pirtir in. Di navbera van her du forman de ferqeke pir hindik heye. *Forma -ing* li ser *kiryar an serpêhatiyê balê dikişîne.* *To-infinitive* bêtir giraniyê dide *encamên* kiryar an bûyerê. Em bi gelemperî forma -ing bikar tînin da ku kêfê (an kêmbûna wê) pêşniyar bikin, û forma to-infinitive ji bo îfadekirina adet an tercîhan bikar tînin. Forma -ing piştî *nefret û hezkirinê ji forma to-infinitive berbelavtir e.* Dema ku em "would"bi *nefret, mîna, hezkirin, an tercîh dikin* , em forma *to-infinitive* bikar tînin, ne forma -ing.*

We would hate to see you go.

Pêman naxoş e ku bibînin tu diçî.

We really value your contributions to the team. We would hate to see you go.

I would love to be there!

حەز دەکەم لەوێ بم!

Are you going to the concert tonight?" "I would love to be there, but I have to work.

for too long

بۆ ماوەیەکی زۆر

Don't let me wait for too long.

They don’t like sitting for too long.

حەز ناکەن زۆر بە دیار دانیشتنەوە بمێننەوە.

I like baking pizza.

حەز دەکەم پیتزا دروست بکەم.

I hate waiting.

ڕقم لە چاوەڕوانییە.

He would hate to wait there for more than an hour.

Ew naxwaze li wir zêdetirî saetekê li benda bimîne.

to interrupt

پچڕاندن

She had to interrupt the meeting to answer an important phone call.

He hates being interrupted.

ئەو حەز ناکات کەس قسەکەی پێ ببڕێت.

I prefer to work on tasks that have clear deadlines.

من پێم باشترە لەسەر ئەو ئەرکانە کار بکەم کە کاتی دیاریکراویان هەیە.

to cause a problem

کێشە دروستکردن

They’d hate to cause a problem.

I prefer going out

من پێم باشترە بچمە دەرەوە

I prefer going out than staying at home.

a tie

گرێبەست

The man is wearing a tie.

he prefers not to wear a tie

ئەو پێی باشترە بۆینباخ نەبەستێت

He prefers not to wear a tie to work.

to join

بەشداربوون

They invited us to join them at their table.

We would love to join you.

پێمان خۆشە پەیوەندیتان پێوە بکەین.

It's a tie!

ئەنجامەکە یەکسانە!

it's a tie for first place

*Transîtîv an negerguhêz* Ji hin lêkeran re her dem hewceyî bireserekê heye. Ji van lêkerên gerguhêz re tê gotin. Hin lêker qet nabin bireser. Ji van lêkerên negerguhêz re tê gotin. Hin lêker dikarin *bi bireser (gerguhêz)* an jî *bê bireser (negerguhêz) bên bikaranîn.* Carinan wate yek e. Bo nimûne: "Please bring coffee."- Di vê hevokê de lêker "bring"gerguhêz e; mebesta wê qehwe ye, tiştê ku tê anîn e. "The sun is shining."- Di vê hevokê de lêker "shine"negerguhêz e, ji bo ku hevok bi wate bibe ne hewceyî bireserê ye.

Did you enjoy the course?

ئایا خولەکە بە دڵت بوو؟

He stopped the car at the traffic lights.

ئەو ئۆتۆمبێلەکەی لە گڵۆپی ترافیکەکە ڕاگرت.

(transitive)

The car stopped suddenly in the middle of the road.

ئۆتۆمبێلەکە لە ناوەڕاستی ڕێگاکەدا لەناکاو وەستا.

(intransitive)

to emphasize

جەختکردنەوە

The book emphasises the role of the arts in society.

What happened?

چی ڕوویدا؟

Rita looks upset – do you know what happened?

Do not enter.

مەچۆ ژوورەوە.

to enter the room

چوونە ژوورەوە بۆ ناو ژوورەکە

She entered the room looking nervous.

She learns to drive.

Ew fêrî ajotinê dibe.

She learned to drive when she was twenty.

to drive a van

ئاژۆتنی ڤانێک

He drives a van for a delivery firm.

You should leave now.

پێویستە ئێستا بڕۆیت.

He left me.

ئەو جێی هێشتم.

He left me without saying goodbye.

to save time

بۆ پاشەکەوتکردنی کات

Buying things on the Internet saves people a lot of time.

Did you win?

تۆ بردتەوە؟

How was the match? Did you win?

to win a competition

بردنەوەی پێشبڕکێیەک

She won a competition and got a free trip to Copenhagen.

to increase

زیادکردن

They increased my salary last month.

to get a car mended

چاککردنەوەی ئۆتۆمبێل

i need to get my car mended

fluently

بە ڕەوانی

She speaks six languages fluently.

Imagine speaking English fluently.

وێنای ئەوە بکە کە بە ڕەوانی بە ئینگلیزی قسە دەکەیت.

*Dibêjin v re dibêjin* Cûdahiya herî girîng di navbera "say"û "tell"de ev e ku bi "say", hûn ne hewce ne ku hûn bibêjin ku raman an agahdarî bi kê re hatine parve kirin, lê bi "tell", hûn dikin. Bo nimûne: "Amy said that she likes coffee." "Amy told me that she likes coffee."

to tell the truth

ڕاستی وتن

We should always tell the truth.

to say something

تشتەک گۆتن

Say something finally.

to say goodbye

ماڵئاوایی کردن

They didn't even say goodbye.

I told you.

Pêm gotî.

I told you so.

Nobody told me.

کەس پێی نەگوتم.

Nobody told me what to do.

Don't tell anyone.

بە کەس مەڵێ.

Don't tell anyone your address or phone number.

She said it to me.

Ewê ji min re got.

They told her to wait.

پێیان گوت چاوەڕێ بکات.

They told her to wait till the doctor arrived.

Can you tell me?

دەتوانی پێم بڵێیت؟

Can you tell me the truth?

He said he didn’t agree with the decision.

Wî got ku ew bi wê biryarê razî nîne.

He told his manager that he didn’t agree with the decision.

Wî ji rêveberê xwe re got ku ew bi wê biryarê razî nîne.

*Îngilîzî dikare balkêş be!* Rengdêrên ku bi *-ed* diqedin diyar dikin ka *mijar çawa ye.* Mijar bi xwe xwedî hestek wisa ye, ku tiştek bandorê li wî dike. Ji hêla din ve, rengdêrên ku bi *-ing* diqedin dibêjin ku *mijar di hawîrdorê de dibe sedema hestek diyarkirî* û ji ber vê yekê yên din jî wisa hîs dikin. Bi gotineke din, hûn dikarin bêjin: "The teacher is boring."û "We are bored because of him."

That's exciting!

ئەوە جێی جۆش و خرۆشە!

This is exciting news.

They were excited.

Ew gelek bi kelecan bûn.

They were excited about the trip.

shocking

سەرسوڕهێنەر

I heard the shocking news.

The news is shocking.

ئەم هەواڵە شۆککەرە

I was shocked by the news.

ئەو هەواڵە من تووشی شۆک بووم

They were shocked by the news of the unexpected election results.

boring

بێزارکەر

I've got a boring job in an office.

to get bored

بێزاربوون

Maria gets bored easily.

It's interesting.

Ew balkêş e.

It's interesting that you didn't know that.

to be interested in

گرنگی پێدان

I am interested in football.

a surprising ending

کۆتایییەکی سەرسوڕهێنەر

The movie has a surprising ending.

I'm not surprised.

سەرسام نیم.

I'm not surprised by his behaviour.

The journey was exhausting.

Rêwîtî westandî bû.

They were exhausted after the journey.

ئەوان دوای گەشتەکە ماندوو ببوون.

worrying

نیگەرانکەر

She has a worrying habit of not sleeping well at night.

worried

نیگەران

She looked worried when she heard the news.

*Biwêjên pêşgir* Hevokeke pêşgir komek peyvan e ku ji *pêşpirtikekê, bireserê wê û her peyvên ku bireserê diguherînin pêk tê.* Pir caran, hevokek pêşgir *lêkerek an navdêrekê diguherîne.* Bo nimûne: "He arrived in time." "Are you going by bicycle or on foot?"

by chance

بە ڕێکەوت

I heard their secrets by chance.

on foot

بە پێ

If you go somewhere on foot, you walk there.

by all means

بێگومان

Can I borrow your car? - By all means!

at short notice

لە ساتەوەختێکی کەمدا

The meeting was cancelled at short notice.

at a glance

لە یەکەم نیگادا

I know him at a glance.

to approve of

پەسەندکردن

We’re not happy but we do approve of their decision.

on a diet

لەسەر ڕێجیمە

The patient is on a diet.

around the world

لە سەرانسەری جیهاندا

Everyone around the world likes Coke.

to look forward to

بە پەرۆشەوە چاوەڕێی شتێک بوون

I am looking forward to seeing you.

بە پەرۆشەوە چاوەڕێی بینینتم.

in spite of

سەرەڕای

In spite of his fear, he decided to try skydiving.

In spite of the rain, we went hiking.

tevî baranê jî me çû meşê.

apart from

جگە لە

Apart from his job, he enjoys painting in his free time.

Apart from one mistake, the work was excellent.

جگە لە یەک هەڵە، کارەکە زۆر نایاب بوو.

*Divêt* "Should"lêkereke alîkar a modal e. Em wê bi piranî bikar tînin: şîretan bidin an pêşniyaran bikin: "You should get a haircut." li ser îhtîmal û bendewariyê biaxivin: "They should arrive soon." li ser mecbûrî axaftin "You should be wearing your seat belt.":

You should study.

Pêwîst e tu ders bixwînî.

You should study for the exam.

Should I come back?

Gelo ez vegerim?

to get a haircut

قژ بڕین

You should get a haircut.

You should be more careful.

دەبێت زیاتر ئاگاداری خۆت بیت.

What should I wear?

Divê çi li ber bikim?

the weight

کێشەکە

She should gain some weight.

to lose weight

کێش دابەزاندن

You should try to lose weight.

to apply for a job

داواکاری پێشکەشکردن بۆ کار

She should apply for the job.

It should be fine.

دەبێت باش بێت.

Should we study?

ئایا پێویستە بخوێنین؟

Should we study more?

Students should submit their work on time.

پێویستە خوێندکاران کارەکانیان لە کاتی خۆیدا پێشکەش بکەن.

The system should update after restart.

پێویستە سیستەمەکە دوای دووبارە دەستپێکردنەوە نوێ بکرێتەوە.

I should be studying instead of scrolling.

لە جیاتی ئەوەی سکرۆڵ بکەم، دەبێت بخوێنم.

They should have warned us about the changes.

Divê wan em derbarê guhertinan de zûtir hişyar kiribana.

*Wekî an wekî?* "As"û "like"bi gelemperî têne tevlihev kirin ji ber ku ew her du jî dikarin ji bo *berhevdanê werin bikar anîn.* Pir caran, mîna du tiştan berhev dike. "He looks like my brother." Pir caran, wek ku dikare bi şûna "the way". "He can’t play cricket as he used to."( "He can't play cricket the way he used to.")

like me

وەک من

You are just like me.

as much as

هێندەی

She loves curry as much as I do.

the same as

وەک یەک

Your phone is the same as mine.

She looks like her mother.

ئەو لە دایکی دەچێت.

the cotton

لۆکەکە

She doesn't wear cotton in the winter.

It feels like cotton.

وەک لۆکە وایە.

to feel like

حەز لێ بوون

I don't feel like it.

to work as

وەک ... کار کردن

I worked as an actor for two years.

She's like a sister to me.

ئەو وەک خوشکێک وایە بۆ من.

people like us

کەسانی وەک ئێمە

There are lots of people like us.

to expect

چاوەڕوانکردن

As we expected, it started to rain.

as I said

وەک گوتم

As I said, I think this project will be a challenge.

The situation unfolded as we had predicted.

ڕەوشەکە بەو شێوەیە ڕوویدا کە پێشبینیمان کردبوو.

to unfold

ڤەکرن

As the story unfolded, we learned more about the characters' secrets.

Do it as instructed, otherwise it won’t work.

بەپێی ڕێنماییەکان بیکە، ئەگەرنا کار ناکات.

It seems like we’ve met before.

Wisa diyar e ku em berê hev dîtine.

The room smells like something has been burning.

لە ژوورەکە بۆنی ئەوە دێت کە شتێک سوتابێت.

*Daxwazên li ser niha an pêşerojê* Em dikarin bikar bînin "to wish"ku li ser tiştek biaxivin ku em dixwazin di dema niha an pêşerojê de cûda bibin. Em *daxwaz + paşeroja hêsan* bikar tînin: "I wish I spoke Italian." "I wish you were here." "I wish I had a big car."