Modo ak advèb pwobabiliteMo angle yo an angle

by DuoCards

Pou pale sou pwobabilite an Anglè, ou ta dwe aprann kèk nan adverb pwobabilite yo. *Adverbs of probability* yo itilize pou montre konbyen nou sèten sou yon sitiyasyon oswa yon evènman. Ann aprann kèk nan pi komen yo!

definitely

sètènman

I will definitely be at the airport to meet you.

He will definitely regret it.

L ap definitivman regrèt sa.

apparently

parèt koulye a

Apparently, it is going to rain tomorrow.

Apparently, they are moving to another city.

Sanble y ap demenaje ale nan yon lòt vil.

undoubtedly

san dout

He will undoubtedly pass the exam with flying colors.

certainly

sèten

It will certainly rain tomorrow.

perhaps

petèt

Perhaps she was right.

obviously

evidanman

She was obviously sick.

He obviously lied.

Li te evidamman bay manti.

he obviously lied to me

probably

pwobabman

It will probably rain today.

They are probably sleeping.

Yo pwobableman ap dòmi.

Perhaps you were right.

Petèt ou te gen rezon.

*Vèb modal* Vèb modal yo byen komen nan lang angle; ou te wè yo nan aksyon dè santèn de fwa menm si ou pa t 'konnen ki jan yo te rele. Egzanp komen vèb modal yo enkli "can", "should", ak "must". Paske yo se yon kalite *vèb oksilyè (èd vèb)* , yo ap itilize ansanm ak *fòm enfinitif vèb prensipal la* nan yon fraz. "Can you drive me to the airport?" "You should try the lasagna."

I can't swim.

Mwen pa konn naje.

I can't swim very well.

You must wash your hands.

Ou dwe lave men w.

You must wash your hands before cooking.

to order tickets

kòmande tikè

She must order tickets in advance if she wants to go to the theater.

Can I have some water?

Èske mwen ka jwenn yon ti dlo?

to focus

konsantre

Mary can’t focus because her brother is playing the drums.

You should go.

Ou ta dwe ale.

It's getting late. You should go home now.

entire

tout la

I can eat an entire pizza.

We can see the entire city from this hill.

Nou ka wè tout vil la depi sou mòn sa a.

Everybody can dance!

Tout moun ka danse!

*Kapasite* Vèb modal la "can"eksprime si sijè yon fraz *kapab fè yon bagay.* Menm jan an tou, fòm negatif la "can’t"montre ke sijè a *pa kapab fè yon bagay.* "She can speak three languages." "I can't cook very well." "CAN"epi "CAN'T"tou montre demann, pèmisyon, ak posiblite.

I can speak English.

Mwen kapab pale anglè.

I can speak English pretty good.

to ride a bike

monte bisiklèt

He can't ride a bike.

He can walk.

Li ka mache.

My one-year-old son can walk already.

to take a day off

pran yon jou konje

Can I take a day off?

What languages can you speak?

Ki lang ou pale?

chopsticks

bagèt

They can eat with chopsticks.

Can you help us?

Èske ou kapab ede nou?

Can you help us with the homework?

Can I go to the bathroom?

Èske mwen ka ale nan twalèt la?

My sister can surf well.

Sè m nan konn fè surf byen.

"Can"*oubyen* "be able to?" Tou de "can"ak "be able to"gen menm siyifikasyon an. Yo itilize yo pou pale de kapasite. Men "can", li itilize pou pale de *kapasite jeneral* , epi "be able to"li itilize pou pale de *kapasite espesifik.* Nan kèk ka, yo ka ranplase youn lòt. Pa egzanp: "I can swim."(an jeneral) men "I'm not able to swim today." Fòm negatif la "to be able to"se "to be unable to", pa egzanp: "She nodded, unable to speak." "Be able to"Pafwa yo itilize li *apre vèb modal* tankou "might"oswa "should", epi apre vèb tankou "want", "hope", oswa "expect".

to be able to

kapab

The animals are able to move around.

I might be able to come.

Mwen ka vini petèt.

I might be able to come to the party tonight.

the entrance fee

frè antre a

We were unable to afford the entrance fee.

to whistle

sifle

She whistled to her dog to come back to her.

He can read and write.

Li konn li ak ekri.

to envy

jalouzi

I envy people who can sing.

I envy children who can learn languages so quickly.

Mwen jalou timoun ki ka aprann lang tèlman vit.

unable to speak

pa kapab pale

They nodded, unable to speak.

nervous

nève

He was nervous about the exam results.

He was so nervous that he was unable to speak.

Li te tèlman nève ke li pa t kapab pale.

to attend

swiv yon kou

We will be able to attend the class next semester.

I might be able to help you.

Mwen ta ka ede w.

Vèb modèl yo "can" ak "will" gen fòm tan pase espesyal: "can" → "could" "will" → "would" Apre "could" oswa "would", nou toujou itilize *fòm baz vèb prensipal la* (enfinitif san "to"). "Would" itilize pou abitid pase. Egzanp: "I could do a handstand when I was a kid." (= Mwen te gen kapasite nan tan pase) "During exam season in college, I would not sleep much." (= sa te abitid mwen nan tan pase)

a handstand

kanpe sou men

I could do a handstand when I was a kid.

barely

ènpe

He could barely walk.

When I was a student, I would study late at night.

Lè m te etidyan, mwen te konn etidye ta nan aswè.

a countryside

yon zòn andeyò

Every summer, we would visit my grandparents in the countryside.

Chak ete, nou te konn al vizite granparan nou yo nan kanpay.

to smell

santi

I could smell something burning.

When I was a kid, I could run very fast.

Lè m te piti, mwen te konn kouri trè vit.

"Would"e "could"*pou politès* Nou itilize "could"*pou fè demann oswa sijesyon politès* (pi politès pase "can"). "Could you help me, please?" "I could lend you some money if you need it." Nou itilize li "would"*pou fè òf politès* oswa *pou nou sonnen mwens dirèk.* "I would like a coffee."(= pi polit pase "I want a coffee.") "Would you like to join us?"

Could you help me, please?

Èske ou kapab ede m, tanpri?

Excuse me, could you help me, please? I'm lost.

Could I ... ?

Èske mwen ta kapab...?

Could I have some tea, please?

Would you ...?

Èske ou ta renmen...?

Would you like to go?

Would you like some coffee?

Èske w ta renmen yon ti kafe?

That would be great!

Sa ta pral byen!

Would it be possible?

Èske sa t ap posib?

Would it be possible to see him?

Could you repeat it?

Èske ou kapab repete sa?

Could you please repeat what you just said?

Could you open the window, please?

Èske ou kapab louvri fenèt la, souple?

I would like a cup of tea.

Mwen ta renmen yon tas te.

Would you like some help?

Èske ou ta renmen èd?

*Me ak Me* Sèvi "may"ak ak "might"pou pale de sa *ki ka rive* nan lavni. "May"epi "might"vle di *petèt pral rive.* Yo ka refere a lavni oswa prezan. *Egzanp:* "I might have a pen in my bag."( = itilizasyon aktyèl) "She may arrive tomorrow."( = itilizasyon nan lavni) "May"epi "might"yo se *vèb modal* tankou "can", "will", ak "should", kidonk yo swiv *menm règ yo.* 1) *Pa ajoute -s nan twazyèm moun singilye a.* 2) Pou fòme yon *negatif* , ajoute "not"apre "may"ak "might." 3) "May"ka itilize avèk *mwen* oswa *nou* pou fè *demann.* 4) "May"epi "might"yo toujou swiv pa yon *vèb nan fòm enfinitif.*

might be

ka ta

He might be right.

We might be there.

Nou ta ka la.

an episode

yon epizòd

I might watch another episode.

He might come.

Li ta ka vini.

She may not come.

Li gendwa pa vini.

She may not come to the party if she feels tired.

to be invited

pou yo envite w

We may be invited but I'm not sure.

May I have some tea?

Èske mwen ka jwenn yon ti te?

May I have some tea, please?

I might go.

M ta ka ale.

We might go to the beach if the weather is nice.

May I?

Èske mwen mèt?

May I borrow your pen, please?

force

fòs

The police used force to control the crowd.

May the force be with you.

Ke fòs la avèk ou.

*Modal pase pou dediksyon* "Might"epi "may"li kapab itilize tou pou *devine sa ki te pase nan tan lontan.* Fòm: "might"/ "may"/ "may not have"/ "might not have"+ *vèb patisip pase* "I might have seen him before."(= Mwen pa sèten, men li posib) "He might not have received the message."(= Petèt li pa t resevwa li)

She may have left.

Li gendwa te ale.

the noise

bri a

What was that noise outside? I think it may have been a cat.

I might have bought...

Mwen ta ka fin achte...

I might have bought the wrong brand.

Petèt mwen te achte move mak la.

to offend

ofanse

Your comment may have offended some people.

He might have been...

Li te ka fin...

They might have been happier if they had stayed together.

He might have been here before.

Li gendwa te deja la anvan.

to receive

resevwa

He might not have received our message.

We might not have received...

Nou gendwa pa t resevwa...

We might not have received your emails because of some internet connection issues.

to remove

retire

It may have been removed.

She might have lost her keys.

Li gendwa pèdi kle l yo.

I might have seen him before.

Mwen te ka deja wè l anvan.

*Se dwe te lanmou!* Lè w ap pale de yon bagay nan tan lontan ki te ka rive epi ou *prèske sèten ke devine ou a kòrèk* , sèvi ak "must have + past participle verb." "It must have been him!" Lè w ap pale de yon bagay ki *pa t janm rive* nan tan lontan epi ou prèske sèten de li, itilize "couldn't"/ "can't have"+ *vèb ki mete kòm patisip pase.* "He couldn't have forgotten about it!"

You must have seen it.

Ou dwe te wè sa.

You must have seen the new movie that just came out.

I must have been here before.

Mwen te dwe gentan pase isit la anvan.

As I walked through the park, I realized I must have been here before.

to forget

bliye

I've forgotten about it.

He couldn't have forgotten.

Li pa t kapab bliye.

He couldn't have forgotten about the appointment.

to be exhausted

bouke anpil

I'm totally exhausted!

You must have been exhausted.

Ou te dwe fatige anpil.

After running the marathon, you must have been exhausted.

She must have left it there.

Li te dwe kite l la.

She must have left the toy in the garden.

to get stuck

bliye

He could have gotten stuck in traffic.

It couldn't have been her.

Se pa t kapab li.

When the teacher asked who broke the window, I said, "It couldn't have been her; she was with me the whole time."

It must have been love!

Se te dwe renmen!

When I saw her smile, I knew it must have been love.

*Itilizasyon Modal pou Rekòmandasyon* Ou deja konnen ke *vèb modal* yo montre *posibilite, entansyon, kapasite oswa nesesite.* Ann pran yon gade sou kèk modal ki ka itilize pou *bay rekòmandasyon.* "Must"ka itilize pou bay yon rekòmandasyon solid. Ou kapab itilize tou "have to"pou rekòmandasyon, men "must"li pi komen. ( "Have to"jeneralman yo itilize li pou pale de règ ak bagay ki pa nan kontwòl ou.) "Should"epi "ought to"yo itilize pou bay yon sijesyon. "Could"yo itilize li pou bay yon opsyon. "Don’t have to"yo itilize pou di yon bagay pa nesesè. "Shouldn't"yo itilize li pou avèti yon moun dousman pou l pa fè yon bagay. "Mustn’t"yo itilize li pou avèti yon moun fòtman pou l pa fè yon bagay.

You must see it!

Ou dwe wè sa!

You shouldn't ...

Ou pa ta dwe ...

You shouldn’t walk home alone after dark.

to be alone

rete pou kont mwen

She shouldn't be alone.

to retake (an exam)

repase yon egzamen

She has failed her exam. She has to retake it.

I don't have to do this.

Mwen pa oblije fè sa.

less

mwens

You ought to drink less.

He could stay...

Li ta ka rete...

He could stay at my place.

to make an appointment

pran yon randevou

You have to make an appointment to see him.

You don't have to drive.

Ou pa bezwen kondi.

Do you have to go?

Èske ou fòse ale?

*Te dwe* "Should have"ka itilize pou *eksprime regrèt sou sot pase a* - pou swete ke yon bagay nan tan lontan an te rive nan yon fason diferan: "I should have studied for my exam!" (Mwen pa t etidye pou egzamen mwen yo. Mwen echwe. Kounye a mwen swete ke sot pase a te diferan.) Yo ta dwe itilize tou pou *pale sou yon bagay ou te espere rive* , men li pa t rive (oswa li pa t rive jis pita). "The letter should have arrived by now, but it hasn’t come yet." (Mwen t ap tann yon lèt, men li pa isit la).

You should have been here.

Ou te dwe la.

to let (someone) know

fè (yon moun) konnen

I should have let you know.

You should have called.

Ou te dwe rele.

to stay awake

rete reveye

I'm really tired today. I should not have stayed awake so late last night.

We should have studied more.

Nou te dwe etidye plis.

to shout at

rele sou

I shouldn't have shouted at her.

They should have stayed.

Yo te dwe rete.

They should have stayed in the bunker.

to take advice

pran konsèy

You should have taken advice.

I should have known better.

Mwen te dwe konnen pi byen.

by now

jis kounye a

He should be married by now.

I should have never let you go.

Mwen pa t janm dwe kite w ale.

to renew

renouvle

I should have renewed my travel insurance.

You should have done that.

Ou te dwe fè sa.

*Will + advèb pwobabilite* Koulye a, ann pratike advèb pwobabilite ke nou te aprann nan kòmansman kou sa a! Ou ka itilize "will""won’t"ak diferan advèb pou montre *kouman pwobab yon evènman nan lavni.* "I’ll maybe go to the party." "I’ll probably go to the party." "I’ll definitely go to the party." "I’ll certainly go to the party."