الماضي المستمر + الأفعال المركبةكلمات إنجليزية

by DuoCards

لنبدأ ببعض الأفعال المركبة الشائعة التي تكون مفيدة في اللغة الإنجليزية اليومية!

to go on

الاستمرار

The party went on until 3am.

to give up

الاستسلام

She didn't give up on her dreams.

to put off

تأجيل

He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.

to work out

يتمرن

I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.

to find out

استكشاف-اكتشاف

We are trying to find out what the problem is.

to get over

يتخطى

I got over it quickly.

to break up

ينفصل

She wants to break up with me.

to look something up

البحث عن شيء ما

You should look it up on the Internet.

to ask somebody out

يدعو شخصاً للخروج في موعد

He asked me out.

She was too shy to ask him out.

كانت خجولة جداً لدرجة أنها لم تستطع دعوته للخروج.

to call off

إلغاء

Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.

I called off the meeting.

لقد ألغيت الاجتماع.

to get away with something

الإفلات من العقاب

She always gets away with being late to class.

to sort something out

تسوية أمر ما

I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.

*زمن الماضي المستمر* نستخدم *زمن الماضي المستمر* للإشارة إلى *فعل أو حالة مستمرة حدثت في وقت ما في الماضي* . يتم تشكيل هذا الزمن من خلال الجمع بين زمن الماضي "to be (was/were)"مع صيغة المضارع للفعل *( "-ing"الكلمة).* يتم استخدامه غالبًا لوصف *الظروف التي كانت موجودة في الماضي.* "The sun was shining every day that summer." "It was snowing yesterday." "They were eating at the restaurant."

effort

جهد

She put a lot of effort into her homework.

to explore

استكشاف

I want to explore the forest this weekend.

a possibility

إمكانية

She considered the possibility of moving to another city.

They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.

كانوا يستكشفون خيارات مختلفة لقضاء عطلتهم.

holiday

عطلة

She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.

I was reading a book yesterday evening.

كنت أقرأ كتاباً مساء أمس.

They were playing football in the park.

كانوا يلعبون كرة القدم في الحديقة.

It was improving.

كان الأمر يتحسن.

His condition was improving.

I was listening carefully.

كنت أصغي بتمعن.

"Was"أو "were"- *ماذا تستخدم؟* تذكر تغيير الفعل "to be"*ليتناسب مع الفاعل.* استخدم "was"مع "I, he, she,"أو "it"، واستخدم "were"مع "you, we,"أو. "they." "She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang." "The team was playing well until the second half." استخدمه "were"لجميع المواد الأخرى، بما في ذلك جميع المواد المتعددة. "Were"ويستخدم أيضًا مع "you". "The days were getting shorter as winter approached."

The days were getting longer.

كانت الأيام تزداد طولاً.

The days were getting longer as summer approached.

They were traveling a lot.

لقد كانوا يسافرون كثيراً.

They were traveling a lot last summer.

My mother was cooking.

كانت أمي تطبخ.

My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.

We were dancing all night.

رقصنا طوال الليل.

Was it raining?

هل كانت تمطر؟

Was it raining the whole day?

He was studying last night.

كان يذاكر ليلة أمس.

They were sleeping.

كانوا نائمين

While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.

*أسئلة الماضي المستمر* 1. الأسئلة التي يمكن الإجابة عليها *بنعم* أو *لا* تتشكل عن طريق عكس الفاعل والشكل الصحيح للفعل *be ( "was/were").* "Was he studying all night again?" 2. لا يمكن الإجابة على أسئلة Wh بنعم أو لا. "Where was he going?"

to snore

يَشْخُر

He snores loudly.

Was she improving?

هل كانت تتحسن؟

to overcome

يتغلب على

He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.

Were you studying all night?

هل كنت تدرس طوال الليل؟

Were we talking too loud?

هل كنا نتحدث بصوت عالٍ جداً؟

to measure

قاس

We want to measure your blood pressure.

What was he measuring?

ماذا كان يقيس؟

Where were you going?

إلى أين كنت ذاهباً؟

Where were you going last night?

What was he doing?

ماذا كان يفعل؟

to run late

يتأخر

He was running late again.

Why were the buses running late?

لماذا تأخرت الحافلات؟

*صيغة الماضي السلبي المستمر* لجعل العبارة إيجابية *سلبية* ، أضف "not"قبل *الفعل +"-ing"* . "You were not doing your homework." يمكنك أيضًا استخدام *الاختصار (wasn't / weren't).* "You weren't doing your homework."

He wasn't planning it.

لم يكن يخطط لذلك.

She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.

I wasn't running late.

لم أكن أتأخر.

I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.

They weren't studying all night.

لم يكونوا يدرسون طوال الليل.

She wasn't snoring.

لم تكن تشخر.

Last night she wasn't snoring.

My mother wasn't cooking.

أمي لم تكن تطبخ.

The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.

لم ينم الأطفال خلال رحلة العودة إلى المنزل.

to tell the truth

قول الحقيقة

My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.

صديقي لم يكن يخبرني بالحقيقة.

You were not doing your homework.

لم تكن تؤدي واجباتك المدرسية.

*التغييرات الإملائية* كن حذرًا نظرًا لوجود بعض *التغييرات الإملائية* أيضًا عند إنشاء *صيغة الأفعال -ing* . *بالنسبة للأفعال التي تنتهي بـ -e، أسقط -e وأضف -ing.* "live - living" "make - making" "give - giving" *مع الأفعال التي تنتهي بصوت طويل -e، أضف -ing كالمعتاد* "see - seeing" "be - being" "agree - agreeing" *إذا انتهى الفعل بـ -ie قم بتغيير ie إلى y ثم أضف -ing.* "die - dying" "lie - lying"

to agree

يوافق

We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.

to hide

إخفاء

He tried to hide his profile.

Where were you hiding?

أين كنت مختبئاً؟

After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?

He was lying.

كان يكذب

He was lying about his age to get into the club.

to die

مات

The main character will die at the end.

My phone battery was dying during the trip.

كانت بطارية هاتفي تنفد خلال الرحلة.

to make excuses

تقديم الأعذار

He is making excuses again.

We were making no excuses.

لم نكن نختلق أي أعذار.

After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.

We were living without the internet for two weeks.

كنا نعيش بدون إنترنت لمدة أسبوعين.

I was just being polite.

كنت أتحدث بلباقة فحسب.

I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.

homeless people

المشردون

We were giving food to the homeless people.

كنا نوزع الطعام على المشردين.

*متى نضاعف الحرف الأخير؟* إذا كان الفعل يتكون من *مقطع لفظي واحد* *وينتهي بـ CVC* (حرف ساكن + حرف متحرك + حرف ساكن)، فإننا *نضاعف الحرف الساكن الأخير* قبل إضافة النهاية -ing. "run - running" "plan - planning" نقوم أيضًا بمضاعفة الحرف الساكن الأخير *إذا تم التأكيد على المقطع الأخير.* "begin - beginning" "forget - forgetting" ومع ذلك، *لا تضاعف* الحرف الساكن *للأفعال التي تنتهي بـ w، أو x، أو y.* "stay - staying" "show - showing" "wax - waxing"

to forget

نسيان

I keep forgetting to drink water!

I keep forgetting

أنا دائماً أنسى

I keep forgetting to take my medication.

to begin

للبدء

It was beginning to snow.

It was beginning to rain.

بدأت تمطر.

It was beginning to rain when we got home.

to show the way

إرشاد الطريق

I can show you the way.

She was showing him the way.

كانت تريه الطريق.

I was shopping.

كنت أتسوق

My parents arrived while I was shopping.

to stay up

السهر

I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.

She was planning her holiday to Italy.

كانت تخطط لعطلتها في إيطاليا.

We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.

كنا نقيم في فندق صغير بالقرب من الشاطئ.

We were planning on telling you.

كنا نخطط لإخبارك.

When were you planning on telling me?

The team was playing well.

كان الفريق يلعب بشكل جيد.

The team was playing well until the second half.

to stick to something

الالتزام بشيء ما

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

*الماضي المستمر والماضي البسيط* يمكن أيضًا استخدام زمن الماضي المستمر لوصف شيء *كان يحدث بشكل مستمر في الماضي* عندما *قاطعه إجراء آخر.* "I was making dinner when she arrived." *ملحوظة:* ليس كل فعل يصف فعلًا مستمرًا! بعض الأفعال *لا يمكن استخدامها في زمن الماضي المستمر.* أحد الأمثلة الشائعة هو الفعل "to arrive". خطأ: "At noon, he was arriving." الصحيح : "At noon, he arrived."

I was reading when he knocked.

كنت أقرأ عندما طرق الباب.

She was cooking when I came home.

كانت تطبخ عندما عدت إلى المنزل.

to get home

الوصول إلى المنزل

What time did you get home last night?

When I got home, they were eating.

عندما وصلتُ إلى المنزل، كانوا يأكلون.

When we arrived, you were sleeping.

عندما وصلنا، كنت نائماً.

after I left

بعد رحيلي

After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.

What were you doing after I left?

ماذا كنت تفعل بعدما غادرت؟

Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.

لم يكن أحد يرقص عندما توقفت الموسيقى.

*الماضي المستمر + أشباه الجمل الفعلية دعونا نجمع بين الزمن الماضي المستمر مع بعض أشباه الجمل الفعلية التي تعلمناها للتو!

I was setting up the meeting.

كنت أجهز للاجتماع.

I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.

She was breaking up with her boyfriend.

كانت تنفصل عن صديقها.

When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.

He was looking it up.

كان يبحث عنها.

She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.

Things were working out.

كانت الأمور تسير على ما يرام.

After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.

We were already giving up.

كنا قد بدأنا بالاستسلام بالفعل.

When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.

She was getting over the flu when I visited her.

كانت تتماثل للشفاء من الإنفلونزا عندما زرتها.

I was working out when they called me.

كنت أتمرن عندما اتصلوا بي.

*الأفعال التي لا يمكنك استخدامها في زمن الماضي المستمر* هناك نوع معين من الفعل لا يمكن استخدامه في أي زمن مستمر، بما في ذلك زمن الماضي المستمر. وتسمى هذه *الأفعال الحالة.* نظرًا لأن الأفعال الخبرية مستمرة بطبيعتها، فإنه يبدو غريبًا وضعها في زمن مستمر. يمكنك استخدامها *في الماضي البسيط* بدلاً من ذلك. الأفعال الجريئة على سبيل المثال: "love""like""believe"،،،،،، "seem""need""want"الخ.

It seemed easy.

بدا الأمر سهلاً.

It seemed easy at first.

We loved the movie!

لقد أحببنا الفيلم كثيراً!

We loved the new movie from Tarantino!

He wanted to go.

أراد الذهاب.

He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.

I need to go home.

يجب أن أذهب إلى المنزل.

After a long day, I need to go home and relax.

to realize

أدرك

He realized his mistake at once.

I realized later.

أدركت ذلك لاحقاً.

I realized later that he was lying to me.

She believes everything I say.

إنها تصدق كل ما أقوله.

We understood your question.

لقد فهمنا سؤالك.

We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.

*الرغبات والفرضيات* يمكننا أيضًا استخدام الماضي المستمر *للإشارة إلى الحاضر أو المستقبل في الفرضيات* (عندما نتخيل شيئًا ما)، أو في بعض التعبيرات المهذبة. "These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class." "If Jack was playing, they would probably win." "Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."