Минало продължително време + Фразови глаголиАнглийски думи

by DuoCards

Нека започнем с някои често срещани фразеологични глаголи, които са полезни в ежедневния английски!

to go on

продължавам

The party went on until 3am.

to give up

отказвам се

She didn't give up on her dreams.

to put off

отлагам

He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.

to work out

тренирам

I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.

to find out

разбирам/научавам (нещо ново)

We are trying to find out what the problem is.

to get over

преодолявам

I got over it quickly.

to break up

разделям се

She wants to break up with me.

to look something up

да потърся нещо

You should look it up on the Internet.

to ask somebody out

каня някого на среща

He asked me out.

She was too shy to ask him out.

Тя беше твърде срамежлива, за да го покани на среща.

to call off

отменям

Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.

I called off the meeting.

Отмених срещата.

to get away with something

измъквам се безнаказано

She always gets away with being late to class.

to sort something out

да уредя нещо

I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.

*Минало продължително време* Използваме *минало продължително време,* за да обозначим *продължаващо действие или състояние, което се е случвало в определен момент в миналото*. Това време се образува, като се комбинира миналото време на "to be (was/were)" със сегашното причастие на глагола *("-ing" дума)*. Често се използва за описване на *състояния, които са съществували в миналото.* "The sun was shining every day that summer." "It was snowing yesterday." "They were eating at the restaurant."

effort

усилие

She put a lot of effort into her homework.

to explore

(да) изследвам

I want to explore the forest this weekend.

a possibility

възможност

She considered the possibility of moving to another city.

They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.

Те проучваха различни възможности за своята почивка.

holiday

ваканция

She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.

I was reading a book yesterday evening.

Снощи четях книга.

They were playing football in the park.

Те играеха футбол в парка.

It was improving.

Подобряваше се.

His condition was improving.

I was listening carefully.

Слушах внимателно.

"Was" или "were" - *Какво да използвам*? Не забравяйте да промените глагола "to be", така че да *съответства на субекта.* Използвайте "was" с "I, he, she," или "it", а използвайте "were" с "you, we," или "they." "She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang." "The team was playing well until the second half." Използвайте "were" за всички останали предмети, включително за всички предмети в множествено число. "Were" се използва и с "you". "The days were getting shorter as winter approached."

The days were getting longer.

Дните ставаха по-дълги.

The days were getting longer as summer approached.

They were traveling a lot.

Те пътуваха много.

They were traveling a lot last summer.

My mother was cooking.

Майка ми готвеше.

My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.

We were dancing all night.

Танцувахме цяла нощ.

Was it raining?

Валеше ли?

Was it raining the whole day?

He was studying last night.

Той учеше снощи.

They were sleeping.

Те спяха.

While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.

*Минало продължително време въпроси* 1. Въпроси, на които може да се отговори с *да* или *не*, се образуват чрез обръщане на подлога и правилната форма на глагола *съм ("was/were").* "Was he studying all night again?" 2. Въпросите с Wh- не могат да бъдат отговорени с да или не. "Where was he going?"

to snore

хъркам

He snores loudly.

Was she improving?

Тя подобряваше ли се?

to overcome

преодолявам

He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.

Were you studying all night?

Цяла нощ ли учи?

Were we talking too loud?

Твърде високо ли говорехме?

to measure

измервам/меря

We want to measure your blood pressure.

What was he measuring?

Какво мереше той?

Where were you going?

Къде отиваше?

Where were you going last night?

What was he doing?

Какво правеше той?

to run late

закъснявам

He was running late again.

Why were the buses running late?

Защо автобусите закъсняваха?

*Минало продължително време в отрицателна форма* За да направите положително изречение *отрицателно*, добавете "not" преди *глагола + "-ing"*. "You were not doing your homework." Можете също да използвате *съкратена форма (wasn't / weren't).* "You weren't doing your homework."

He wasn't planning it.

Той не го планираше.

She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.

I wasn't running late.

Не закъснявах.

I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.

They weren't studying all night.

Те не са учили цяла нощ.

She wasn't snoring.

Тя не хъркаше.

Last night she wasn't snoring.

My mother wasn't cooking.

Майка ми не готвеше.

The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.

Децата не спяха по време на пътуването към вкъщи.

to tell the truth

казвам истината

My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.

Приятелят ми не ми казваше истината.

You were not doing your homework.

Ти не си пишеше домашните.

*Промени в правописа* Бъдете внимателни, тъй като има и някои *правописни промени,* когато създавате * формата -ing на* глаголите. *За глаголи, които завършват на -е, отпуснете -е и добавете -ing.* "live - living" "make - making" "give - giving" *При глаголите, завършващи на дълго -е, добавете -ing, както обикновено* "see - seeing" "be - being" "agree - agreeing" *Ако глаголът завършва на -ie, променете ie на y и след това добавете -ing.* "die - dying" "lie - lying"

to agree

съгласявам се

We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.

to hide

крия

He tried to hide his profile.

Where were you hiding?

Къде се криеше?

After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?

He was lying.

Той лъжеше.

He was lying about his age to get into the club.

to die

умирам

The main character will die at the end.

My phone battery was dying during the trip.

Батерията на телефона ми падаше по време на пътуването.

to make excuses

оправдавам се

He is making excuses again.

We were making no excuses.

Не си търсехме оправдания.

After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.

We were living without the internet for two weeks.

Живяхме без интернет в продължение на две седмици.

I was just being polite.

Просто бях учтив.

I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.

homeless people

бездомни хора

We were giving food to the homeless people.

Раздавахме храна на бездомните хора.

*Кога се удвоява последната буква?* Ако глаголът е *едносричен* и *завършва с CVC* (съгласна + гласна + съгласна), *удвояваме последната съгласна,* преди да добавим окончанието -ing. "run - running" "plan - planning" Също така удвояваме последната съгласна, *ако последната сричка е ударена.* "begin - beginning" "forget - forgetting" *Не удвояваме* обаче съгласната *при глаголи, които завършват на w, x или y.* "stay - staying" "show - showing" "wax - waxing"

to forget

забравям

I keep forgetting to drink water!

I keep forgetting

все забравям

I keep forgetting to take my medication.

to begin

започвам

It was beginning to snow.

It was beginning to rain.

Започваше да вали.

It was beginning to rain when we got home.

to show the way

показвам пътя

I can show you the way.

She was showing him the way.

Тя му показваше пътя.

I was shopping.

Пазарувах.

My parents arrived while I was shopping.

to stay up

оставам буден

I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.

She was planning her holiday to Italy.

Тя планираше почивката си в Италия.

We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.

Отсядахме в малък хотел близо до плажа.

We were planning on telling you.

Мислехме да ви кажем.

When were you planning on telling me?

The team was playing well.

Отборът играеше добре.

The team was playing well until the second half.

to stick to something

придържам се към нещо

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

*Минало продължително и минало просто* Миналото продължително време може да се използва и за описване на нещо, което се *е случвало непрекъснато в миналото*, когато друго действие *го е прекъснало.* "I was making dinner when she arrived." *Забележете:* Не всеки глагол описва непрекъснато действие! Някои глаголи *не могат да се използват в минало продължително време.* Един често срещан пример е глаголът "to arrive". Неправилно: "At noon, he was arriving." Правилно: "At noon, he arrived."

I was reading when he knocked.

Четях, когато той почука.

She was cooking when I came home.

Тя готвеше, когато се прибрах вкъщи.

to get home

да се прибера вкъщи

What time did you get home last night?

When I got home, they were eating.

Когато се прибрах вкъщи, те вече ядяха.

When we arrived, you were sleeping.

Когато пристигнахме, ти спеше.

after I left

след като си тръгнах

After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.

What were you doing after I left?

Какво правеше, след като си тръгнах?

Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.

Никой не танцуваше, когато музиката спря.

*Минало продължително + фразови глаголи* Нека комбинираме миналото продължително време с някои от фразовите глаголи, които току-що научихме!

I was setting up the meeting.

Подготвях срещата.

I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.

She was breaking up with her boyfriend.

Тя се разделяше с приятеля си.

When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.

He was looking it up.

Той го търсеше.

She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.

Things were working out.

Нещата се нареждаха.

After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.

We were already giving up.

Вече се отказвахме.

When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.

She was getting over the flu when I visited her.

Тя се възстановяваше от грип, когато я посетих.

I was working out when they called me.

Тъкмо тренирах, когато ми се обадиха.

*Глаголи, които не можете да използвате в минало продължително време* Има определен вид глаголи, които не могат да се използват в нито едно продължително време, включително в миналото продължително време. Те се наричат *стативни глаголи.* Тъй като стативните глаголи по своята същност са продължителни, звучи странно да ги поставим в продължително време. Вместо това можете да ги използвате *в простото минало време*. Стативни глаголи са например: "love", "like", "believe", "seem", "need", "want", и т.н.

It seemed easy.

Изглеждаше лесно.

It seemed easy at first.

We loved the movie!

Филмът много ни хареса!

We loved the new movie from Tarantino!

He wanted to go.

Той искаше да отиде.

He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.

I need to go home.

Трябва да се прибирам вкъщи.

After a long day, I need to go home and relax.

to realize

осъзнавам

He realized his mistake at once.

I realized later.

Осъзнах го по-късно.

I realized later that he was lying to me.

She believes everything I say.

Тя вярва на всичко, което казвам.

We understood your question.

Разбрахме въпроса ви.

We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.

*Желания и хипотези* Миналото продължително време можем да използваме и за *настоящето или бъдещето в хипотези* (когато си представяме нещо) или в няколко учтиви израза. "These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class." "If Jack was playing, they would probably win." "Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."