Kestev minevik + fraasverbidIngliskeelsed sõnad

by DuoCards

Alustame mõningate levinud fraasiverbidega, mis on igapäevases inglise keeles kasulikud!

to go on

jätkama

The party went on until 3am.

to give up

alla andma

She didn't give up on her dreams.

to put off

edasi lükkama

He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.

to work out

treenima

I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.

to find out

välja selgitama

We are trying to find out what the problem is.

to get over

üle saama

I got over it quickly.

to break up

lahku minema

She wants to break up with me.

to look something up

midagi järele vaatama

You should look it up on the Internet.

to ask somebody out

kedagi kohtingule kutsuma

He asked me out.

She was too shy to ask him out.

Ta oli liiga häbelik, et teda kohtingule kutsuda.

to call off

tühistama

Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.

I called off the meeting.

Ma tühistasin koosoleku.

to get away with something

millegagi puhtalt pääsema

She always gets away with being late to class.

to sort something out

midagi korda ajama

I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.

*Jätkuv minevik* Kasutame *jätkuvat minevikku*, et viidata *toimivale tegevusele või olekule, mis toimus mingil ajahetkel minevikus*. See aeg moodustatakse, kombineerides *olema (was/were)* minevikuvormi tegusõna oleviku kesksõnaga *(*-ing* sõna).* Seda kasutatakse sageli, et kirjeldada *tingimusi, mis eksisteerisid minevikus.*

effort

pingutus

She put a lot of effort into her homework.

to explore

uurima

I want to explore the forest this weekend.

a possibility

võimalus

She considered the possibility of moving to another city.

They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.

Nad uurisid oma puhkuse jaoks erinevaid võimalusi.

holiday

puhkus

She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.

I was reading a book yesterday evening.

Ma lugesin eile õhtul raamatut.

They were playing football in the park.

Nad mängisid pargis jalgpalli.

It was improving.

See paranes.

His condition was improving.

I was listening carefully.

Kuulasin tähelepanelikult.

"Was" või "were" - *Mida kasutada?* Pea meeles, et verb "to be" tuleb muuta *vastavalt subjektile.* Kasuta "was" koos "I, he, she," või "it" ja kasuta "were" koos "you, we," või "they." "She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang." "The team was playing well until the second half." Kasuta "were" kõigi teiste subjektide puhul, sealhulgas kõigi mitmuse subjektide puhul. "Were" kasutatakse ka koos "you". "The days were getting shorter as winter approached."

The days were getting longer.

Päevad muutusid pikemaks.

The days were getting longer as summer approached.

They were traveling a lot.

Nad reisisid palju.

They were traveling a lot last summer.

My mother was cooking.

Mu ema tegi süüa.

My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.

We were dancing all night.

Me tantsisime läbi öö.

Was it raining?

Kas sadas vihma?

Was it raining the whole day?

He was studying last night.

Ta õppis eile õhtul.

They were sleeping.

Nad magasid.

While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.

*Minevik jätkuv küsimused* 1. Küsimused, millele saab vastata *jah* või *ei*, moodustatakse subjekti ja verbi *be ("was/were")* õige vormi ümberpööramise teel. "Was he studying all night again?" 2. Wh- küsimustele ei saa vastata jah või ei. "Where was he going?"

to snore

norskama

He snores loudly.

Was she improving?

Kas ta muutus paremaks?

to overcome

ületama

He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.

Were you studying all night?

Kas sa õppisid terve öö?

Were we talking too loud?

Kas me rääkisime liiga valjusti?

to measure

mõõtma

We want to measure your blood pressure.

What was he measuring?

Mida ta mõõtis?

Where were you going?

Kuhu sa minemas olid?

Where were you going last night?

What was he doing?

Mida ta tegi?

to run late

hiljaks jääma

He was running late again.

Why were the buses running late?

Miks bussid hilinesid?

Etteütlev minevikuvorm Etteütleva väite *eitavaks* muutmiseks lisa "not" enne *tegusõna + "-ing"*. "You were not doing your homework." Võid kasutada ka *kokkutõmmet (wasn't / weren't).* "You weren't doing your homework."

He wasn't planning it.

Ta ei plaaninud seda.

She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.

I wasn't running late.

Ma ei jäänud hiljaks.

I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.

They weren't studying all night.

Nad ei õppinud terve öö.

She wasn't snoring.

Ta ei norsanud.

Last night she wasn't snoring.

My mother wasn't cooking.

Mu ema ei teinud süüa.

The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.

Lapsed ei maganud koduteel.

to tell the truth

tõtt rääkima

My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.

Mu poiss-sõber ei rääkinud mulle tõtt.

You were not doing your homework.

Sa ei teinud oma kodutöid.

*Õigekirja muutused* Olge ettevaatlik, sest ka verbide *-ing-vormi* moodustamisel on mõningaid *õigekirja muutusi*. *Verbide puhul, mis lõpevad ühe -e-ga, jäta -e välja ja lisa -ing.* "live - living" "make - making" "give - giving" *Verbi puhul, mis lõpevad pika -e häälega, lisage -ing nagu tavaliselt.* "see - seeing" "be - being" "agree - agreeing" *Kui verbi lõpeb -ie-ga, siis muutke ie y-ks ja lisage -ing.* "die - dying" "lie - lying"

to agree

nõustuma

We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.

to hide

peitma

He tried to hide his profile.

Where were you hiding?

Kus sa end peitnud oled?

After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?

He was lying.

Ta valetas.

He was lying about his age to get into the club.

to die

surema

The main character will die at the end.

My phone battery was dying during the trip.

Reisi ajal hakkas mu telefoni aku tühjaks saama.

to make excuses

vabandusi otsima

He is making excuses again.

We were making no excuses.

Me ei otsinud mingeid vabandusi.

After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.

We were living without the internet for two weeks.

Me elasime kaks nädalat ilma internetita.

I was just being polite.

Ma olin lihtsalt viisakas.

I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.

homeless people

kodutud inimesed

We were giving food to the homeless people.

Me jagasime kodututele toitu.

*Millal tuleb viimane täht kahekordistada?* Kui verb on *ühesilbiline* ja *lõpeb CVC-ga* (konsonant + vokaal + konsonant), *kahekordistame viimase konsonandi* enne -ing-lõpu lisamist."run - running" "plan - planning" Kahekordistame viimase konsonandi ka *juhul, kui viimane silp on rõhutatud.*"begin - beginning" "forget - forgetting" Siiski *ei kahekordistata* konsonanti *verbide puhul, mis lõpevad w, x või y-ga.* "stay - staying" "show - showing" "wax - waxing"

to forget

unustama

I keep forgetting to drink water!

I keep forgetting

Ma muudkui unustan

I keep forgetting to take my medication.

to begin

alustama

It was beginning to snow.

It was beginning to rain.

Hakkas vihma sadama.

It was beginning to rain when we got home.

to show the way

teed näitama

I can show you the way.

She was showing him the way.

Ta näitas talle teed.

I was shopping.

Ma käisin poes.

My parents arrived while I was shopping.

to stay up

üleval olema

I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.

She was planning her holiday to Italy.

Ta planeeris oma puhkust Itaaliasse.

We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.

Me ööbisime ranna lähedal asuvas väikeses hotellis.

We were planning on telling you.

Meil oli plaanis sulle seda öelda.

When were you planning on telling me?

The team was playing well.

Meeskond mängis hästi.

The team was playing well until the second half.

to stick to something

millestki kinni pidama

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

*Past continuous ja Past simple* Past continuous ajavormi võib kasutada ka kirjeldamaks midagi, mis *toimus minevikus pidevalt*, kui mõni teine tegevus *selle katkestas*. "I was making dinner when she arrived." *Pange tähele:* Mitte iga verb ei kirjelda pidevat tegevust! Teatud verbe *ei saa kasutada pidevas minevikuvormis*. Üks levinud näide on verbi "to arrive". Vale: "At noon, he was arriving." Õige: "At noon, he arrived."

I was reading when he knocked.

Ma lugesin parajasti, kui ta koputas.

She was cooking when I came home.

Ta tegi süüa, kui ma koju jõudsin.

to get home

koju jõudma

What time did you get home last night?

When I got home, they were eating.

Kui ma koju jõudsin, nad juba sõid.

When we arrived, you were sleeping.

Kui me saabusime, sa magasid.

after I left

pärast minu lahkumist

After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.

What were you doing after I left?

Mida sa tegid, kui ma olin ära läinud?

Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.

Kui muusika lakkas, ei tantsinud keegi.

*Past continuous + fraasilised verbid* Kombineerime minevikuvormi koos mõne äsja õpitud fraasiverbiga!

I was setting up the meeting.

Ma valmistasin koosolekut ette.

I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.

She was breaking up with her boyfriend.

Ta läks oma poiss-sõbrast lahku.

When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.

He was looking it up.

Ta otsis seda.

She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.

Things were working out.

Kõik laabus.

After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.

We were already giving up.

Me olime juba alla andmas.

When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.

She was getting over the flu when I visited her.

Ta oli gripist paranemas, kui ma teda külastasin.

I was working out when they called me.

Ma parajasti treenisin, kui nad mulle helistasid.

*Verbid, mida ei saa kasutada pidevas minevikuvormis* On teatud tüüpi verbe, mida ei saa kasutada üheski pidevas ajavormis, kaasa arvatud mineviku pidevas ajavormis. Neid nimetatakse *statiivi verbideks*. Kuna statiivi verbid on oma olemuselt pidevad, kõlab nende panemine pideva ajavormi veidralt. Selle asemel võib neid kasutada *lihtminevikus*. Statiivi verbid on näiteks: "love", "like", "believe", "seem", "need", "want" jne.

It seemed easy.

See tundus lihtne.

It seemed easy at first.

We loved the movie!

Meile meeldis see film väga!

We loved the new movie from Tarantino!

He wanted to go.

Ta tahtis minna.

He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.

I need to go home.

Ma pean koju minema.

After a long day, I need to go home and relax.

to realize

teadvustama

He realized his mistake at once.

I realized later.

Sain sellest hiljem aru.

I realized later that he was lying to me.

She believes everything I say.

Ta usub kõike, mida ma ütlen.

We understood your question.

Me saime teie küsimusest aru.

We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.

*Soovid ja*hüpoteesid Me võime kasutada minevikku kestvat vormi ka *viitamaks olevikule või tulevikule hüpoteesides* (kui me midagi ette kujutame) või mõnes viisakas väljendis. "These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class." "If Jack was playing, they would probably win." "Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."