Passé continu + Verbes à particuleles mots anglais

by DuoCards

Commençons par quelques verbes à particule courants qui sont utiles en anglais quotidien !

to go on

continuer

The party went on until 3am.

to give up

abandonner

She didn't give up on her dreams.

to put off

reporter, remettre

He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.

to work out

s'arranger

I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.

to find out

découvrir

We are trying to find out what the problem is.

to get over

surmonter

I got over it quickly.

to break up

rompre

She wants to break up with me.

to look something up

chercher quelque chose

You should look it up on the Internet.

to ask somebody out

inviter quelqu'un à sortir

He asked me out.

She was too shy to ask him out.

Elle était trop timide pour lui demander de sortir.

to call off

annuler

Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.

I called off the meeting.

J'ai annulé la réunion.

to get away with something

s'en sortir

She always gets away with being late to class.

to sort something out

régler quelque chose

I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.

*Temps passé continu* Nous utilisons le *passé continu* pour faire référence à une *action ou un état continu qui s'est produit à un moment donné dans le passé*. Ce temps est formé en combinant le passé de "to be (was/were)" avec le participe présent du verbe *("-ing" word)*. Il est souvent utilisé pour décrire des *conditions qui existaient dans le passé.* "The sun was shining every day that summer." "It was snowing yesterday." "They were eating at the restaurant."

effort

She put a lot of effort into her homework.

to explore

explorer

I want to explore the forest this weekend.

a possibility

une possibilité

She considered the possibility of moving to another city.

They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.

Ils exploraient différentes possibilités pour leurs vacances.

holiday

vacances

She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.

I was reading a book yesterday evening.

Je lisais un livre hier soir.

They were playing football in the park.

Ils jouaient au football dans le parc.

It was improving.

Ça s'améliorait.

His condition was improving.

I was listening carefully.

J'écoutais attentivement.

"Was" ou "were" - *Que faut-il utiliser ?* N'oubliez pas de modifier le verbe "to be" pour qu'*il corresponde au sujet.* Utilisez "was" avec "I, he, she," ou "it", et utilisez "were" avec "you, we," ou "they." "She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang." "The team was playing well until the second half.". Utilisez "were" pour tous les autres sujets, y compris les sujets pluriels. "Were" est également utilisé avec "you". "The days were getting shorter as winter approached."

The days were getting longer.

les jours rallongeaient.

The days were getting longer as summer approached.

They were traveling a lot.

Ils voyageaient beaucoup.

They were traveling a lot last summer.

My mother was cooking.

Ma mère cuisinait.

My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.

We were dancing all night.

Nous avons dansé toute la nuit.

Was it raining?

Est-ce qu'il pleuvait ?

Was it raining the whole day?

He was studying last night.

Il étudiait hier soir.

They were sleeping.

Ils dormaient.

While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.

*Questions sur le passé continu* 1. Les questions auxquelles on peut répondre par *oui* ou par *non* sont formées en inversant le sujet et la forme correcte du verbe *être ("was/were"*). "Was he studying all night again?" 2. Les questions auxquelles on ne peut répondre par oui ou par non. "Where was he going?"

to snore

ronfler

He snores loudly.

Was she improving?

Est-ce qu'elle s'améliorait ?

to overcome

surmonter

He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.

Were you studying all night?

Tu as révisé toute la nuit ?

Were we talking too loud?

Est-ce qu'on parlait trop fort ?

to measure

mesurer

We want to measure your blood pressure.

What was he measuring?

Qu'est-ce qu'il mesurait ?

Where were you going?

Où est-ce que tu allais ?

Where were you going last night?

What was he doing?

Qu'est-ce qu'il faisait ?

to run late

être en retard

He was running late again.

Why were the buses running late?

Pourquoi les bus avaient-ils du retard ?

Pour transformer une phrase positive en *négative*, ajoutez "not" avant le *verbe + "-ing"*. "You were not doing your homework." Vous pouvez également utiliser une *contraction (wasn't / weren't).* "You weren't doing your homework."

He wasn't planning it.

Il ne le prévoyait pas.

She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.

I wasn't running late.

Je n'étais pas en retard.

I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.

They weren't studying all night.

Ils n'ont pas étudié toute la nuit.

She wasn't snoring.

Elle ne ronflait pas.

Last night she wasn't snoring.

My mother wasn't cooking.

Ma mère ne cuisinait pas.

The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.

Les enfants n'ont pas dormi pendant le trajet du retour.

to tell the truth

dire la vérité

My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.

Mon petit ami ne me disait pas la vérité.

You were not doing your homework.

Tu ne faisais pas tes devoirs.

*Changements orthographiques* Attention, il y a également des *changements orthographiques* lorsque vous créez la * forme -ing* des verbes. *Pour les verbes qui se terminent par un -e, supprimez le -e et ajoutez -ing.* "live - living" "make - making" "give - giving" *Pour les verbes se terminant par un -e long, ajoutez -ing comme d'habitude.* "see - seeing" "be - being" "agree - agreeing" *Si un verbe se termine par -ie, remplacez ie par y, puis ajoutez -ing.* "die - dying" "lie - lying"

to agree

être d'accord

We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.

to hide

cacher

He tried to hide his profile.

Where were you hiding?

Où est-ce que tu te cachais ?

After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?

He was lying.

Il mentait.

He was lying about his age to get into the club.

to die

mourir

The main character will die at the end.

My phone battery was dying during the trip.

Ma batterie de téléphone se déchargeait pendant le voyage.

to make excuses

trouver des excuses

He is making excuses again.

We were making no excuses.

Nous ne cherchions pas d'excuses.

After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.

We were living without the internet for two weeks.

Nous avons vécu sans internet pendant deux semaines.

I was just being polite.

Je ne faisais qu'être poli.

I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.

homeless people

personnes sans abri

We were giving food to the homeless people.

Nous donnions de la nourriture aux sans-abri.

*Quand doubler la dernière lettre ?* Si le verbe a *une syllabe* et *se termine par CVC* (consonne + voyelle + consonne), nous *doublons la consonne finale* avant d'ajouter la terminaison -ing. "run - running" "plan - planning" Nous doublons également la consonne finale *si la dernière syllabe est accentuée*. "begin - beginning" "forget - forgetting" En revanche, *on ne double pas* la consonne *pour les verbes qui se terminent par w, x ou y.* "stay - staying" "show - showing" "wax - waxing"

to forget

oublier

I keep forgetting to drink water!

I keep forgetting

J'oublie tout le temps

I keep forgetting to take my medication.

to begin

commencer

It was beginning to snow.

It was beginning to rain.

Il commençait à pleuvoir.

It was beginning to rain when we got home.

to show the way

montrer le chemin

I can show you the way.

She was showing him the way.

Elle lui montrait le chemin.

I was shopping.

J'étais en train de faire les courses.

My parents arrived while I was shopping.

to stay up

rester debout

I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.

She was planning her holiday to Italy.

Elle planifiait ses vacances en Italie.

We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.

Nous séjournions dans un petit hôtel près de la plage.

We were planning on telling you.

On avait l'intention de vous le dire.

When were you planning on telling me?

The team was playing well.

L'équipe jouait bien.

The team was playing well until the second half.

to stick to something

s'en tenir à quelque chose

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

*Passé continu et passé simple* Le passé continu peut également être utilisé pour décrire quelque chose qui *se passait continuellement dans le passé* lorsqu'une autre action *l'a interrompu*. "I was making dinner when she arrived." *Remarquez :* Tous les verbes ne décrivent pas une action continue ! Certains verbes ne peuvent *pas être utilisés au passé composé*. Un exemple courant est le verbe "to arrive". Faux : "At noon, he was arriving." Correct : "At noon, he arrived."

I was reading when he knocked.

Je lisais quand il a frappé.

She was cooking when I came home.

Elle cuisinait quand je suis rentré à la maison.

to get home

rentrer à la maison

What time did you get home last night?

When I got home, they were eating.

Quand je suis arrivé à la maison, ils étaient déjà en train de manger.

When we arrived, you were sleeping.

Quand nous sommes arrivés, tu dormais.

after I left

après mon départ

After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.

What were you doing after I left?

Qu'est-ce que tu faisais après mon départ ?

Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.

Personne ne dansait quand la musique s'est arrêtée.

*Passé continu + Verbes à particule* Combinons le passé continu avec certains des verbes à particule que nous venons d'apprendre !

I was setting up the meeting.

J'étais en train de préparer la réunion.

I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.

She was breaking up with her boyfriend.

Elle était en train de rompre avec son petit ami.

When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.

He was looking it up.

Il était en train de chercher.

She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.

Things were working out.

Tout se passait bien.

After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.

We were already giving up.

On commençait déjà à abandonner.

When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.

She was getting over the flu when I visited her.

Elle se remettait d'une grippe quand je lui ai rendu visite.

I was working out when they called me.

J'étais en train de faire du sport quand ils m'ont appelé.

*Verbes que vous ne pouvez pas utiliser au passé composé* Il existe un certain type de verbe qui ne peut être utilisé à aucun temps continu, y compris le passé continu. Il s'agit des *verbes statifs*. Comme les verbes statifs sont intrinsèquement continus, il semble étrange de les mettre à un temps continu. Vous pouvez les utiliser *au passé simple*. Les verbes statifs sont par exemple "love" "like" , "believe", "seem", "need", "want", etc.

It seemed easy.

Ça semblait facile.

It seemed easy at first.

We loved the movie!

On a adoré le film !

We loved the new movie from Tarantino!

He wanted to go.

Il voulait y aller.

He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.

I need to go home.

Je dois rentrer à la maison.

After a long day, I need to go home and relax.

to realize

se rendre compte

He realized his mistake at once.

I realized later.

Je m'en suis rendu compte plus tard.

I realized later that he was lying to me.

She believes everything I say.

Elle croit tout ce que je dis.

We understood your question.

Nous avons compris votre question.

We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.

*Souhaits et hypothèses* On peut aussi utiliser le passé continu *pour se référer au présent ou au futur dans les hypothèses* (quand on imagine quelque chose), ou dans quelques formules de politesse. "These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class." "If Jack was playing, they would probably win." "Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."