Passato progressivo + Verbi frasalile parole inglesi

by DuoCards

*Common phrasal verbs* Iniziamo con alcuni phrasal verbs comuni che sono utili nell'inglese quotidiano!

to go on

continuare

The party went on until 3am.

to give up

arrendersi

She didn't give up on her dreams.

to put off

rimandare

He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.

to work out

funzionare / allenarsi / risolversi

I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.

to find out

scoprire

We are trying to find out what the problem is.

to get over

superare

I got over it quickly.

to break up

lasciarsi

She wants to break up with me.

to look something up

cercare qualcosa

You should look it up on the Internet.

to ask somebody out

chiedere a qualcuno di uscire

He asked me out.

She was too shy to ask him out.

Era troppo timida per invitarlo ad uscire.

to call off

annullare

Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.

I called off the meeting.

Ho annullato la riunione.

to get away with something

farla franca

She always gets away with being late to class.

to sort something out

sistemare qualcosa

I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.

*Tempo passato continuo* Si usa il *Past Continuous tense* per riferirsi a un'*azione o a uno stato che continuava a verificarsi in un certo momento nel passato*. Questo tempo si forma combinando il tempo passato di "to be (was/were)" con il participio presente del verbo *("-ing" parola)*. Si usa spesso per descrivere *condizioni che esistevano nel passato.* "The sun was shining every day that summer." "It was snowing yesterday." "They were eating at the restaurant."

effort

sforzo

She put a lot of effort into her homework.

to explore

esplorare

I want to explore the forest this weekend.

a possibility

una possibilità

She considered the possibility of moving to another city.

They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.

Stavano esplorando diverse possibilità per la loro vacanza.

holiday

vacanza

She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.

I was reading a book yesterday evening.

Ieri sera stavo leggendo un libro.

They were playing football in the park.

Giocavano a calcio al parco.

It was improving.

Stava migliorando.

His condition was improving.

I was listening carefully.

Ho ascoltato attentamente.

"Was" o "were" - *Cosa usare?* Ricordate di cambiare il verbo "to be" in modo che *corrisponda al soggetto.* Usare "was" con "I, he, she," o "it", e usare "were" con "you, we," o "they." "She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang." "The team was playing well until the second half." Usate "were" per tutti gli altri soggetti, compresi i soggetti plurali. "Were" si usa anche con "you". "The days were getting shorter as winter approached."

The days were getting longer.

Le giornate si allungavano.

The days were getting longer as summer approached.

They were traveling a lot.

Hanno viaggiato molto.

They were traveling a lot last summer.

My mother was cooking.

Mia madre stava cucinando.

My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.

We were dancing all night.

Abbiamo ballato tutta la notte.

Was it raining?

Stava piovendo?

Was it raining the whole day?

He was studying last night.

Stava studiando ieri sera.

They were sleeping.

Dormivano.

While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.

*Domande al passato continuo* 1. Le domande a cui si può rispondere con *sì* o *no* si formano invertendo il soggetto e la forma corretta del verbo *essere ("was/were").* "Was he studying all night again?" 2. Le domande con "Wh-" non possono essere risposte con sì o no. "Where was he going?"

to snore

russare

He snores loudly.

Was she improving?

Stava migliorando?

to overcome

superare

He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.

Were you studying all night?

Hai studiato tutta la notte?

Were we talking too loud?

Stavamo parlando a voce troppo alta?

to measure

misurare

We want to measure your blood pressure.

What was he measuring?

Cosa stava misurando?

Where were you going?

Dove stavi andando?

Where were you going last night?

What was he doing?

Cosa stava facendo?

to run late

essere in ritardo

He was running late again.

Why were the buses running late?

Perché gli autobus erano in ritardo?

Per rendere una frase affermativa negativa, aggiungi "not" prima del *verbo + "-ing"*. Puoi anche usare una *contrazione (wasn't / weren't).*

He wasn't planning it.

Non lo stava pianificando.

She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.

I wasn't running late.

Non ero in ritardo.

I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.

They weren't studying all night.

Non hanno studiato tutta la notte.

She wasn't snoring.

Non stava russando.

Last night she wasn't snoring.

My mother wasn't cooking.

Mia madre non stava cucinando.

The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.

I bambini non hanno dormito durante il tragitto verso casa.

to tell the truth

dire la verità

My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.

Il mio ragazzo non mi stava dicendo la verità.

You were not doing your homework.

Non stavi facendo i compiti.

*Modifiche ortografiche* Fate attenzione perché ci sono anche alcuni *cambiamenti ortografici* quando si crea la * forma -ing* dei verbi. *Per i verbi che terminano con una -e, si deve eliminare la -e e aggiungere -ing.* "live - living" "make - making" "give - giving" *Per i verbi che terminano con una -e lunga, aggiungere -ing come di consueto.* "see - seeing" "be - being" "agree - agreeing" *Se un verbo termina in -ie, cambiate ie in y e poi aggiungete -ing.* "die - dying" "lie - lying"

to agree

concordare

We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.

to hide

nascondere

He tried to hide his profile.

Where were you hiding?

Dove ti eri nascosto?

After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?

He was lying.

Stava mentendo.

He was lying about his age to get into the club.

to die

morire

The main character will die at the end.

My phone battery was dying during the trip.

La batteria del mio telefono si stava scaricando durante il viaggio.

to make excuses

inventare scuse

He is making excuses again.

We were making no excuses.

Non stavamo accampando scuse.

After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.

We were living without the internet for two weeks.

Abbiamo vissuto senza internet per due settimane.

I was just being polite.

Ero solo gentile.

I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.

homeless people

senzatetto

We were giving food to the homeless people.

Stavamo dando da mangiare ai senzatetto.

*Quando raddoppiare l'ultima lettera?* Se il verbo ha *una sillaba* e *termina con CVC* (consonante + vocale + consonante), *raddoppiamo la consonante finale* prima di aggiungere la desinenza -ing. "run - running" "plan - planning" Si raddoppia la consonante finale anche *se l'ultima sillaba è sottolineata.* "begin - beginning" "forget - forgetting" Tuttavia, *non raddoppiamo* la consonante *per i verbi che terminano in w, x o y.* "stay - staying" "show - showing" "wax - waxing"

to forget

dimenticare

I keep forgetting to drink water!

I keep forgetting

Continuo a dimenticare

I keep forgetting to take my medication.

to begin

iniziare

It was beginning to snow.

It was beginning to rain.

Iniziava a piovere.

It was beginning to rain when we got home.

to show the way

mostrare la strada

I can show you the way.

She was showing him the way.

Gli stava indicando la strada.

I was shopping.

Stavo facendo la spesa.

My parents arrived while I was shopping.

to stay up

Stare in piedi

I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.

She was planning her holiday to Italy.

Stava pianificando la sua vacanza in Italia.

We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.

Soggiornavamo in un piccolo hotel vicino alla spiaggia.

We were planning on telling you.

Volevamo dirtelo.

When were you planning on telling me?

The team was playing well.

La squadra stava giocando bene.

The team was playing well until the second half.

to stick to something

attenersi a qualcosa

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

*Past continuous e Past simple* Il Past continuous tense può essere usato anche per descrivere qualcosa che *stava accadendo continuamente nel passato* quando un'altra azione *lo ha interrotto*. "I was making dinner when she arrived." *Attenzione:* Non tutti i verbi descrivono un'azione continua! Alcuni verbi non possono *essere usati nel tempo passato continuo.* Un esempio comune è il verbo "to arrive". Sbagliato: "At noon, he was arriving." Corretto: "At noon, he arrived."

I was reading when he knocked.

Stavo leggendo quando ha bussato.

She was cooking when I came home.

Stava cucinando quando sono tornato a casa.

to get home

tornare a casa

What time did you get home last night?

When I got home, they were eating.

Quando sono arrivato a casa, stavano già mangiando.

When we arrived, you were sleeping.

Quando siamo arrivati, stavi dormendo.

after I left

dopo che me ne sono andato

After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.

What were you doing after I left?

Cosa stavi facendo dopo che me ne sono andato?

Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.

Nessuno ballava quando la musica si è fermata.

*Passato continuo + verbi frasali* Combiniamo il tempo passato continuo con alcuni dei verbi frasali che abbiamo appena imparato!

I was setting up the meeting.

Stavo organizzando la riunione.

I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.

She was breaking up with her boyfriend.

Si stava lasciando con il suo ragazzo.

When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.

He was looking it up.

Lo stava cercando.

She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.

Things were working out.

Le cose stavano andando per il verso giusto.

After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.

We were already giving up.

Ci stavamo già arrendendo.

When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.

She was getting over the flu when I visited her.

Si stava riprendendo dall'influenza quando sono andato a trovarla.

I was working out when they called me.

Mi stavo allenando quando mi hanno chiamato.

*Verbi che non si possono usare nel tempo passato continuo* Esiste un certo tipo di verbi che non possono essere usati in nessun tempo continuo, compreso il tempo passato continuo. Si tratta dei cosiddetti *verbi stativi.* Poiché i verbi stativi sono intrinsecamente continui, suona strano metterli in un tempo continuo. Si possono invece usare al *passato semplice*. I verbi stativi sono ad esempio: "love", "like", "believe", "seem", "need", "want", ecc.

It seemed easy.

Sembrava facile.

It seemed easy at first.

We loved the movie!

Il film ci è piaciuto moltissimo!

We loved the new movie from Tarantino!

He wanted to go.

Voleva andare.

He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.

I need to go home.

Devo andare a casa.

After a long day, I need to go home and relax.

to realize

rendersi conto

He realized his mistake at once.

I realized later.

Me ne sono reso conto più tardi.

I realized later that he was lying to me.

She believes everything I say.

Lei crede a tutto quello che dico.

We understood your question.

Abbiamo capito la sua domanda.

We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.

*Desideri e ipotesi* Possiamo anche usare il past continuous *per riferirci al presente o al futuro nelle ipotesi* (quando immaginiamo qualcosa) o in alcune espressioni di cortesia. "These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class." "If Jack was playing, they would probably win." "Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."