अपूर्ण भूतकाल (Past continuous) + वाक्यांश क्रियाहरू (Phrasal verbs)अंग्रेजी शब्दहरू
by DuoCards
*Common phrasal verbs*
हामी केही सामान्य वाक्यांश क्रियापदहरूबाट सुरु गरौं जुन दैनिक अंग्रेजीमा उपयोगी छन्!
to go on
जारी राख्नुहोस्
The party went on until 3am.
to give up
हार मान्नु
She didn't give up on her dreams.
to put off
पछाडि सार्नु
He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.
to work out
व्यायाम गर्नु
I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.
to find out
पत्ता लगाउनु
We are trying to find out what the problem is.
to get over
पार पाउनु
I got over it quickly.
to break up
ब्रेकअप गर्नु
She wants to break up with me.
to look something up
केही कुरा खोज्नु
You should look it up on the Internet.
to ask somebody out
कसैलाई डेटमा जान सोध्नु
He asked me out.
She was too shy to ask him out.
उनी उसलाई बाहिर जाने प्रस्ताव राख्न धेरै लजालु थिइन्।
to call off
रद्द गर्नु
Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.
I called off the meeting.
मैले बैठक रद्द गरेँ।
to get away with something
कुनै काम गरेर उम्किनु
She always gets away with being late to class.
to sort something out
केही कुरा मिलाउनु वा सुल्झाउनु
I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.
*भूतकाल निरन्तर काल*
हामी *विगतको कुनै समयमा भइरहेको निरन्तर कार्य वा अवस्थालाई* जनाउन *Past Continuous tense* प्रयोग गर्छौं।
यो काल भूतकाललाई "to be (was/were)"क्रियाको वर्तमान कृदन्त *( "-ing"शब्द) सँग जोडेर बनाइन्छ।*
यो प्रायः *विगतमा अवस्थित अवस्थाहरू वर्णन गर्न प्रयोग गरिन्छ।*
"The sun was shining every day that summer."
"It was snowing yesterday."
"They were eating at the restaurant."।
effort
प्रयास
She put a lot of effort into her homework.
to explore
अन्वेषण गर्नु
I want to explore the forest this weekend.
a possibility
एक सम्भावना
She considered the possibility of moving to another city.
They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.
तिनीहरू आफ्नो बिदाका लागि विभिन्न विकल्पहरू खोज्दै थिए।
holiday
बिदा
She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.
I was reading a book yesterday evening.
म हिजो साँझ किताब पढ्दै थिएँ।
They were playing football in the park.
उनीहरू पार्कमा फुटबल खेल्दै थिए।
It was improving.
यो सुधारिँदै थियो।
His condition was improving.
I was listening carefully.
म ध्यान दिएर सुनिरहेको थिएँ।
"Was" वा "were" - *के प्रयोग गर्ने?*
"to be" क्रियालाई परिवर्तन गर्नुहोस् ताकि *यो विषयसँग मेल खान्छ।* "I, he, she," वा "it" सँग "was" प्रयोग गर्नुहोस्, र "you, we," वा "they." सँग "were" प्रयोग गर्नुहोस्।
"She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang."
"The team was playing well until the second half."
अन्य सबै विषयहरूका लागि "were" प्रयोग गर्नुहोस्, जसमा सबै बहुवचन विषयहरू समावेश छन्। "you" सँग पनि "Were" प्रयोग गरिन्छ।
"The days were getting shorter as winter approached."
The days were getting longer.
दिनहरू लामो हुँदै थिए।
The days were getting longer as summer approached.
They were traveling a lot.
उनीहरू धेरै यात्रा गर्थे।
They were traveling a lot last summer.
My mother was cooking.
मेरी आमा खाना पकाउँदै हुनुहुन्थ्यो।
My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.
We were dancing all night.
हामी रातभर नाचिरहेका थियौँ।
Was it raining?
के पानी परिरहेको थियो?
Was it raining the whole day?
He was studying last night.
गएराति ऊ पढिरहेको थियो।
They were sleeping.
उनीहरू सुतिरहेका थिए।
While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.
*विगतका निरन्तर प्रश्नहरू*
१. *हो* वा *होइन* भनेर जवाफ दिन सकिने प्रश्नहरू *be ( "was/were") क्रियाको कर्ता र सही रूप उल्टो पारेर बनाइन्छ।*
"Was he studying all night again?"
२. Wh- प्रश्नहरूको जवाफ हो वा होइन मा दिन सकिँदैन।
"Where was he going?"।
to snore
घुर्नु
He snores loudly.
Was she improving?
के उनी सुधारिँदै थिइन्?
to overcome
पराजित गर्नु
He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.
Were you studying all night?
के तिमी रातभर पढिरहेका थियौ?
Were we talking too loud?
हामीले धेरै ठूलो स्वरमा कुरा गरेका थियौँ र?
to measure
नाप्नु
We want to measure your blood pressure.
What was he measuring?
उसले के नापिरहेको थियो?
Where were you going?
तपाईं कहाँ जाँदै हुनुहुन्थ्यो?
Where were you going last night?
What was he doing?
उनी के गरिरहेका थिए?
to run late
ढिलो हुनु
He was running late again.
Why were the buses running late?
बसहरू किन ढिलो आएका थिए?
सकारात्मक वाक्यलाई नकारात्मक बनाउन, क्रियापद + "-ing"* भन्दा अघि "not" थप्नुहोस्।
"You were not doing your homework."
तपाईं *संक्षिप्त रूप (wasn't / weren't)* पनि प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ।
"You weren't doing your homework."
He wasn't planning it.
उसले त्यो योजना गरिरहेको थिएन।
She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.
I wasn't running late.
म ढिलो भएको थिइनँ।
I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.
They weren't studying all night.
उनीहरू रातभरि पढिरहेका थिएनन्।
She wasn't snoring.
उनी घुर्ने गरिरहेकी थिइनन्।
Last night she wasn't snoring.
My mother wasn't cooking.
मेरी आमाले खाना पकाउनुभएको थिएन।
The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.
घर फर्किने बेला बालबालिकाहरू सुतेका थिएनन्।
to tell the truth
साँचो कुरा भन्नु
My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.
मेरो प्रेमीले मलाई सत्य कुरा बताइरहेका थिएनन्।
You were not doing your homework.
तिमीले गृहकार्य गरिरहेको थिएनौ।
*हिज्जे परिवर्तन*
सावधान रहनुहोस् किनकि त्यहाँ केही *हिज्जे परिवर्तनहरू* छन् जब तपाइँ क्रियाहरूको *-ing रूप* सिर्जना गर्नुहुन्छ।
*एक -e बाट अन्त्य हुने क्रियाहरूका लागि, -e र add-ing छोड्नुहोस्।*
"live - living"
"make - making"
"give - giving"
*लामो -e ध्वनि संग समाप्त हुने क्रियाहरु संग, सामान्य रूपमा add -ing*
"see - seeing"
"be - being"
"agree - agreeing"
*यदि क्रिया समाप्त हुन्छ भने -e परिवर्तन अर्थात् y मा र त्यसपछि add -ing।*
"die - dying"
"lie - lying"।
to agree
सहमत हुनु
We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.
to hide
लुकाउनु
He tried to hide his profile.
Where were you hiding?
तिमी कहाँ लुकेका थियौ?
After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?
He was lying.
ऊ ढाँट्दै थियो।
He was lying about his age to get into the club.
to die
मर्नु
The main character will die at the end.
My phone battery was dying during the trip.
यात्राको क्रममा मेरो फोनको ब्याट्री सकिँदै थियो।
to make excuses
बहाना बनाउनु
He is making excuses again.
We were making no excuses.
हामी कुनै बहाना बनाइरहेका थिएनौँ।
After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.
We were living without the internet for two weeks.
हामी दुई हप्तासम्म इन्टरनेट बिना बसिरहेका थियौँ।
I was just being polite.
म त केवल शिष्टता देखाइरहेको थिएँ।
I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.
homeless people
घरबारविहीन मानिसहरू
We were giving food to the homeless people.
हामी घरबारविहीन मानिसहरूलाई खाना दिइरहेका थियौँ।
*अन्तिम अक्षर कहिले दोब्बर गर्ने?*
यदि क्रियापदमा *एउटा अक्षर* छ र *CVC (व्यंजन + स्वर + व्यंजन) मा समाप्त हुन्छ* भने, हामी -ing अन्त्य थप्नु अघि *अन्तिम व्यंजनलाई दोब्बर गर्छौं* ।
"run - running"
"plan - planning"
*यदि अन्तिम अक्षरमा जोड दिइएको छ भने हामी अन्तिम व्यञ्जनवर्णलाई पनि दोब्बर बनाउँछौं।*
"begin - beginning"
"forget - forgetting"
यद्यपि, *w, x वा y मा अन्त्य हुने क्रियापदहरूको लागि* व्यञ्जनवर्ण *दोब्बर नगर्नुहोस्* ।
"stay - staying"
"show - showing"
"wax - waxing"।
to forget
बिर्सनु
I keep forgetting to drink water!
I keep forgetting
मलाई सधैं बिर्सिने बानी छ
I keep forgetting to take my medication.
to begin
सुरु गर्न
It was beginning to snow.
It was beginning to rain.
पानी पर्न सुरु हुँदै थियो।
It was beginning to rain when we got home.
to show the way
बाटो देखाउनु
I can show you the way.
She was showing him the way.
उनी उसलाई बाटो देखाइरहेकी थिइन्।
I was shopping.
म किनमेल गर्दै थिएँ।
My parents arrived while I was shopping.
to stay up
उज्यालो हुनु वा नसुत्नु
I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.
She was planning her holiday to Italy.
उनी इटाली जाने बिदाको योजना बनाउँदै थिइन्।
We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.
हामी समुद्र तट नजिकैको एउटा सानो होटलमा बसिरहेका थियौँ।
We were planning on telling you.
हामी तपाईंलाई भन्न खोज्दै थियौँ।
When were you planning on telling me?
The team was playing well.
टोली राम्रोसँग खेलिरहेको थियो।
The team was playing well until the second half.
to stick to something
कुनै कुरामा अडिग रहनु
You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.
*विगत निरन्तर र भूत सरल*
भूतकाल निरन्तर काललाई पनि *विगतमा लगातार भैरहेको* कुरालाई वर्णन गर्न प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ जब अर्को कार्यले *बाधा पुर्यायो।*
"I was making dinner when she arrived."
*नोटिस:* प्रत्येक क्रियाले निरन्तर कार्यको वर्णन गर्दैन! केही क्रियाहरू *विगत निरन्तर कालमा प्रयोग गर्न सकिँदैन।*
एउटा सामान्य उदाहरण क्रिया हो "to arrive"।
गलत: "At noon, he was arriving."
सही "At noon, he arrived.":।
I was reading when he knocked.
म पढिरहेको थिएँ जब उसले ढोका ढक्ढक्यायो।
She was cooking when I came home.
म घर आउँदा उनी खाना पकाउँदै थिइन्।
to get home
घर पुग्नु
What time did you get home last night?
When I got home, they were eating.
म घर पुग्दा उनीहरू खाँदै थिए।
When we arrived, you were sleeping.
हामी आइपुग्दा तिमी सुतिरहेका थियौ।
after I left
म गएपछि
After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.
What were you doing after I left?
म गएपछि तिमी के गर्दै थियौ?
Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.
संगीत बन्द हुँदा कोही पनि नाचिरहेको थिएन।
*विगत निरन्तर + Phrasal क्रियाहरू*
हामीले भर्खरै सिकेका केही phrasal क्रियाहरूसँग भूतकालको निरन्तर काललाई संयोजन गरौं!
I was setting up the meeting.
म बैठकको तयारी गर्दै थिएँ।
I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.
She was breaking up with her boyfriend.
उनी आफ्नो प्रेमीसँग सम्बन्ध तोड्दै थिइन्।
When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.
He was looking it up.
उसले त्यो खोजिरहेको थियो।
She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.
Things were working out.
सबै कुरा ठिकठाक चलिरहेको थियो।
After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.
We were already giving up.
हामीले हार मानिसकेका थियौँ।
When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.
She was getting over the flu when I visited her.
मैले भेट्दा उनी रुघाखोकीबाट निको हुँदै थिइन्।
I was working out when they called me.
म व्यायाम गरिरहेको थिएँ जब उनीहरूले मलाई फोन गरे।
*तपाईंले भूतकालमा प्रयोग गर्न नसक्ने क्रियाहरू*
त्यहाँ एक निश्चित प्रकारको क्रिया हो जुन कुनै पनि निरन्तर कालमा प्रयोग गर्न सकिँदैन, भूतकाल निरन्तर काल सहित। यिनीहरूलाई *स्थिर क्रिया भनिन्छ।*
किनकि स्थिर क्रियाहरू स्वाभाविक रूपमा निरन्तर हुन्छन्, तिनीहरूलाई निरन्तर कालमा राख्नु अनौठो लाग्छ। तपाईं तिनीहरूलाई सट्टा *सरल अतीतमा* प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ।
स्थिर क्रियाहरू उदाहरणका लागि हुन्: "love", "like", "believe", "seem", "need", "want", आदि।
It seemed easy.
यो सजिलो लागेको थियो।
It seemed easy at first.
We loved the movie!
हामीलाई चलचित्र धेरै मन पर्यो!
We loved the new movie from Tarantino!
He wanted to go.
उनी जान चाहन्थे।
He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.
I need to go home.
म घर जानु पर्छ।
After a long day, I need to go home and relax.
to realize
महसुस गर्नु
He realized his mistake at once.
I realized later.
मैले पछि महसुस गरें।
I realized later that he was lying to me.
She believes everything I say.
मैले भनेको हरेक कुरा उसले विश्वास गर्छे।
We understood your question.
हामीले तपाईंको प्रश्न बुझ्यौं।
We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.
*इच्छा र परिकल्पनाहरू*
हामी *परिकल्पनाहरूमा (जब हामी केहि कल्पना गर्छौं), वा केही विनम्र अभिव्यक्तिहरूमा वर्तमान वा भविष्यलाई सन्दर्भ गर्न* भूतकाल निरन्तर प्रयोग गर्न सक्छौं।
"These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class."
"If Jack was playing, they would probably win."
"Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."।
I wish he was telling the truth.
कठै, उसले साँचो बोलेको भए हुन्थ्यो।
I was wondering if...
मलाई जान्न मन थियो कि...
I was wondering if you could help me.
I was wondering if you could help me with my homework.
म सोध्दै थिएँ कि के तपाईं मलाई मेरो गृहकार्यमा मद्दत गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ?
If only he wasn't snoring.
कति जाती हुन्थ्यो यदि उसले घुर्ने थिएन भने।
If only he wasn't snoring, I could finally get some sleep.
I wish it wasn't raining.
पानी नपरेको भए कति जाती हुन्थ्यो।
to pass an exam
परीक्षा पास गर्नु
Did you pass the exam?
If he was studying, he would pass the exam.
यदि उसले पढिरहेको हुन्थ्यो भने, उसले परीक्षा पास गर्थ्यो।
I wish I was sleeping right now.
कति राम्रो हुन्थ्यो यदि म अहिले सुतिरहेको हुन्थेँ।
After a long day, I wish I was sleeping instead of doing homework.
They wish things were working out.
उनीहरू चाहन्छन् कि सबै कुरा राम्रो भइरहेको होस्।