Minulý priebehový čas + frázové slovesáAnglické slová

by DuoCards

Začnime s niektorými bežnými frázovými slovesami, ktoré sú užitočné v každodennej angličtine!

to go on

pokračovať

The party went on until 3am.

to give up

vzdať sa

She didn't give up on her dreams.

to put off

odložiť

He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.

to work out

vypracovať, cvičiť, podariť sa

I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.

to find out

zistiť

We are trying to find out what the problem is.

to get over

prekonať

I got over it quickly.

to break up

rozísť sa

She wants to break up with me.

to look something up

niečo si vyhľadať

You should look it up on the Internet.

to ask somebody out

pozvať niekoho na rande

He asked me out.

She was too shy to ask him out.

Bola príliš hanblivá na to, aby ho pozvala na rande.

to call off

odvolať

Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.

I called off the meeting.

Zrušil som stretnutie.

to get away with something

vyvliecť sa z niečoho

She always gets away with being late to class.

to sort something out

niečo vyriešiť

I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.

*Minulý čas priebehový* *Minulý čas priebehový* používame na označenie *pokračujúceho deja alebo stavu, ktorý sa odohrával v určitom okamihu v minulosti*. Tento čas sa tvorí spojením minulého času "to be (was/were)" s prítomným príčastím slovesa *("-ing" slovo* ). Často sa používa na opis *podmienok, ktoré existovali v minulosti.* "The sun was shining every day that summer." "It was snowing yesterday." "They were eating at the restaurant."

effort

úsilie

She put a lot of effort into her homework.

to explore

preskúmať

I want to explore the forest this weekend.

a possibility

možnosť

She considered the possibility of moving to another city.

They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.

Skúmali rôzne možnosti pre svoju dovolenku.

holiday

dovolenka

She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.

I was reading a book yesterday evening.

Včera večer som čítal knihu.

They were playing football in the park.

Hrali futbal v parku.

It was improving.

Zlepšovalo sa to.

His condition was improving.

I was listening carefully.

Pozorne som počúval.

"Was" alebo "were" - *Čo použiť?* Nezabudnite zmeniť sloveso "to be" tak, aby *sa zhodovalo s predmetom.* Používajte "was" s "I, he, she," alebo "it", a používajte "were" s "you, we," alebo "they." "She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang." "The team was playing well until the second half.". Pre všetky ostatné predmety, vrátane všetkých predmetov v množnom čísle, použite "were". "Were" sa používa aj s "you". "The days were getting shorter as winter approached."

The days were getting longer.

Dni sa predlžovali.

The days were getting longer as summer approached.

They were traveling a lot.

Veľa cestovali.

They were traveling a lot last summer.

My mother was cooking.

Moja mama varila.

My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.

We were dancing all night.

Tancovali sme celú noc.

Was it raining?

Pršalo?

Was it raining the whole day?

He was studying last night.

Včera večer sa učil.

They were sleeping.

Spali.

While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.

*Otázky na minulé trvanie* 1. Otázky, na ktoré možno odpovedať *áno* alebo *nie*, sa tvoria obrátením predmetu a správneho tvaru slovesa *byť ("was/were"*). "Was he studying all night again?" 2. Na Wh- otázky sa nedá odpovedať áno alebo nie. "Where was he going?"

to snore

chrápať

He snores loudly.

Was she improving?

Zlepšovala sa?

to overcome

prekonať

He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.

Were you studying all night?

Učil si sa celú noc?

Were we talking too loud?

Rozprávali sme príliš nahlas?

to measure

merať

We want to measure your blood pressure.

What was he measuring?

Čo meral?

Where were you going?

Kam si išiel?

Where were you going last night?

What was he doing?

Čo robil?

to run late

meškať

He was running late again.

Why were the buses running late?

Prečo mali autobusy meškanie?

Na vytvorenie zápornej vety pridajte "not" pred *sloveso + "-ing"*. "You were not doing your homework." Môžete tiež použiť *skrátenú formu (wasn't / weren't).* "You weren't doing your homework."

He wasn't planning it.

Neplánoval to.

She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.

I wasn't running late.

Nemeškal som.

I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.

They weren't studying all night.

Neučili sa celú noc.

She wasn't snoring.

Nechrapala.

Last night she wasn't snoring.

My mother wasn't cooking.

Moja mama nevarila.

The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.

Deti počas cesty domov nespali.

to tell the truth

hovoriť pravdu

My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.

Môj priateľ mi nehovoril pravdu.

You were not doing your homework.

Nerobil si si domáce úlohy.

*Pravopisné zmeny* Dávajte si pozor, pretože pri tvorení slovies na *-ing* dochádza k *pravopisným zmenám*. *Pri slovesách, ktoré sa končia na jedno -e, vynechajte -e a pridajte -ing.* "live - living" "make - making" "give - giving" *Pri slovesách zakončených na dlhé -e pridávajte -ing ako zvyčajne* "see - seeing" "be - being" "agree - agreeing" *Ak sloveso končí na -ie, zmeňte ie na y a potom pridajte -ing.* "die - dying" "lie - lying"

to agree

súhlasiť

We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.

to hide

schovať

He tried to hide his profile.

Where were you hiding?

Kde ste sa skrývali? / Kde si sa skrýval?

After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?

He was lying.

Klamal.

He was lying about his age to get into the club.

to die

zomrieť

The main character will die at the end.

My phone battery was dying during the trip.

Počas cesty sa mi vybíjala batéria na telefóne.

to make excuses

vyhovárať sa

He is making excuses again.

We were making no excuses.

Na nič sme sa nevyhovárali.

After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.

We were living without the internet for two weeks.

Dva týždne sme žili bez internetu.

I was just being polite.

Bol som len zdvorilý.

I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.

homeless people

ľudia bez domova

We were giving food to the homeless people.

Dávali sme jedlo ľuďom bez domova.

*Kedy zdvojiť posledné písmeno?* Ak má sloveso *jednu slabiku* a *končí sa na CVC* (spoluhláska + samohláska + spoluhláska), *zdvojujeme poslednú spoluhlásku* pred pridaním koncovky -ing. "run - running" "plan - planning" Poslednú spoluhlásku zdvojujeme aj vtedy *, ak je posledná slabika prízvučná.* "begin - beginning" "forget - forgetting" *Nezdvojujeme* však spoluhlásku *pri slovesách, ktoré sa končia na w, x alebo y.* "stay - staying" "show - showing" "wax - waxing"

to forget

zabudnúť

I keep forgetting to drink water!

I keep forgetting

stále zabúdam

I keep forgetting to take my medication.

to begin

začať

It was beginning to snow.

It was beginning to rain.

Začínalo pršať.

It was beginning to rain when we got home.

to show the way

ukázať cestu

I can show you the way.

She was showing him the way.

Ukazovala mu cestu.

I was shopping.

Bol som nakupovať.

My parents arrived while I was shopping.

to stay up

zostať hore

I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.

She was planning her holiday to Italy.

Plánovala si dovolenku v Taliansku.

We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.

Bývali sme v malom hoteli neďaleko pláže.

We were planning on telling you.

Chceli sme vám to povedať.

When were you planning on telling me?

The team was playing well.

Tím hral dobre.

The team was playing well until the second half.

to stick to something

držať sa niečoho

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

*Minulý čas priebehový a minulý čas jednoduchý* Minulý čas priebehový sa môže použiť aj na opis niečoho, čo *sa v minulosti dialo nepretržite,* keď *to prerušil*iný dej. "I was making dinner when she arrived." *Všimnite si:* Niektoré slovesá *nemožno použiť v minulom čase priebehovom*. Sú to slovesá, ktoré nemôžu opisovať nepretržitú činnosť! Jedným z bežných príkladov je sloveso "to arrive". Nesprávne: "At noon, he was arriving." Správne: "At noon, he arrived."

I was reading when he knocked.

Čítala som si, keď zaklopal.

She was cooking when I came home.

Keď som prišiel domov, varila.

to get home

dostať sa domov

What time did you get home last night?

When I got home, they were eating.

Keď som prišiel domov, už jedli.

When we arrived, you were sleeping.

Keď sme prišli, spal si.

after I left

po mojom odchode

After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.

What were you doing after I left?

Čo si robil, keď som odišiel?

Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.

Keď hudba prestala hrať, nikto netancoval.

*Minulý čas priebehový + frázové slovesá* Poďme spojiť minulý čas priebehový s niektorými frázovými slovesami, ktoré sme sa práve naučili!

I was setting up the meeting.

Pripravoval som stretnutie.

I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.

She was breaking up with her boyfriend.

Rozchádzala sa so svojím priateľom.

When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.

He was looking it up.

Vyhľadával to. (informáciu)

She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.

Things were working out.

Všetko sa darilo.

After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.

We were already giving up.

Už sme to vzdávali.

When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.

She was getting over the flu when I visited her.

Keď som ju navštívil, dostávala sa z chrípky.

I was working out when they called me.

Práve som cvičil, keď mi zavolali.

*Slovesá, ktoré nemôžeme použiť v minulom priebehovom čase* Existuje typ slovies, ktoré nemožno použiť v žiadnom priebehovom čase, ani v minulom priebehovom čase. Ide o tzv. *stavové slovesá.* Keďže stavové slovesá sú vo svojej podstate priebehové, znie zvláštne, ak ich použijeme v minulom čase priebehovom. Namiesto toho ich môžete použiť *v jednoduchom minulom čase*. Statívne slovesá sú napr: "love", "like", "believe", "seem", "need", "want", atď.

It seemed easy.

Zdalo sa to jednoduché.

It seemed easy at first.

We loved the movie!

Film sa nám veľmi páčil!

We loved the new movie from Tarantino!

He wanted to go.

Chcel ísť.

He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.

I need to go home.

Musím ísť domov.

After a long day, I need to go home and relax.

to realize

uvedomiť si

He realized his mistake at once.

I realized later.

Neskôr som si to uvedomil.

I realized later that he was lying to me.

She believes everything I say.

Verí všetkému, čo hovorím.

We understood your question.

Vašej otázke sme porozumeli.

We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.

*Priania a hypotézy* Minulé pokračovanie môžeme použiť aj na vyjadrenie *prítomnosti alebo budúcnosti v hypotézach* (keď si niečo predstavujeme) alebo v niekoľkých zdvorilostných výrazoch. "These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class." "If Jack was playing, they would probably win." "Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."