Pretekli čas nedovršni + frazni glagoliAngleške besede

by DuoCards

Začnimo z nekaterimi pogostimi fraznimi glagoli, ki so uporabni v vsakdanji angleščini!

to go on

nadaljevati

The party went on until 3am.

to give up

odpovedati se

She didn't give up on her dreams.

to put off

preložiti

He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.

to work out

telovaditi

I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.

to find out

izvedeti

We are trying to find out what the problem is.

to get over

premagati

I got over it quickly.

to break up

raziti se

She wants to break up with me.

to look something up

poiskati nekaj

You should look it up on the Internet.

to ask somebody out

povabiti koga na zmenek

He asked me out.

She was too shy to ask him out.

Bila je preveč sramežljiva, da bi ga povabila na zmenek.

to call off

preklicati

Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.

I called off the meeting.

Odpovedal sem sestanek.

to get away with something

izogniti se posledicam

She always gets away with being late to class.

to sort something out

nekaj urediti

I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.

*Pretekli čas nepretekli* Uporabljamo *pretekli čas nepretekli* za označevanje *nadaljevalnega dejanja ali stanja, ki se je dogajalo v določenem trenutku v preteklosti*. Ta čas se oblikuje s kombinacijo preteklega časa glagola "to be (was/were)" z glagolskim sedanjim deležnikom *("-ing" beseda).* Pogosto se uporablja za opisovanje *pogojev, ki so obstajali v preteklosti.* "The sun was shining every day that summer." "It was snowing yesterday." "They were eating at the restaurant."

effort

prizadevanje

She put a lot of effort into her homework.

to explore

raziskati

I want to explore the forest this weekend.

a possibility

možnost

She considered the possibility of moving to another city.

They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.

Raziskovali so različne možnosti za svoje počitnice.

holiday

dopust

She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.

I was reading a book yesterday evening.

Včeraj zvečer sem bral knjigo.

They were playing football in the park.

Igrali so nogomet v parku.

It was improving.

Izboljševalo se je.

His condition was improving.

I was listening carefully.

Pozorno sem poslušal.

"Was" ali "were" - *Kaj uporabiti?* Ne pozabite spremeniti glagola "to be", da *se ujema s predmetom.* Uporabite "was" z "I, he, she," ali "it" in uporabite "were" z "you, we," ali "they." "She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang." "The team was playing well until the second half." Uporabite "were" za vse druge predmete, vključno z vsemi predmeti v množini. "Were" se uporablja tudi z "you"."The days were getting shorter as winter approached."

The days were getting longer.

Dnevi so se daljšali.

The days were getting longer as summer approached.

They were traveling a lot.

Veliko sta potovala.

They were traveling a lot last summer.

My mother was cooking.

Moja mati je kuhala.

My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.

We were dancing all night.

Vso noč sva plesala.

Was it raining?

Ali je deževalo?

Was it raining the whole day?

He was studying last night.

Včeraj zvečer se je učil.

They were sleeping.

Spali so.

While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.

*Vprašanja v preteklosti* 1. Vprašanja, na katera je mogoče odgovoriti z *da* ali *ne*, se oblikujejo z obratom glagola in pravilno obliko glagola *biti ("was/were").* "Was he studying all night again?" 2. Na vprašanja z vprašalniki ni mogoče odgovoriti z da ali ne."Where was he going?"

to snore

hrkati

He snores loudly.

Was she improving?

Se je izboljševala?

to overcome

premagati

He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.

Were you studying all night?

Si se celo noč učil?

Were we talking too loud?

Ali sva govorila preglasno?

to measure

meriti

We want to measure your blood pressure.

What was he measuring?

Kaj je meril?

Where were you going?

Kam si šel?

Where were you going last night?

What was he doing?

Kaj je počel?

to run late

zamuditi

He was running late again.

Why were the buses running late?

Zakaj so imeli avtobusi zamudo?

Za oblikovanje pozitivne izjave *negativno*, dodajte "not" pred *glagol + "-ing"*. "You were not doing your homework." Lahko uporabite tudi *okrajšavo (wasn't / weren't).* "You weren't doing your homework."

He wasn't planning it.

Tega ni načrtoval.

She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.

I wasn't running late.

Nisem zamujal.

I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.

They weren't studying all night.

Niso se učili celo noč.

She wasn't snoring.

Ni smrčala.

Last night she wasn't snoring.

My mother wasn't cooking.

Moja mati ni kuhala.

The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.

Otroci med vožnjo domov niso spali.

to tell the truth

govoriti resnico

My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.

Moj fant mi ni govoril resnice.

You were not doing your homework.

Nisi delal domače naloge.

*Pravopisne spremembe* Bodite previdni, saj *se* pri tvorjenju glagolov na *-ing* *pravopisno spremenijo* tudi nekatere oblike. *Pri glagolih, ki se končujejo na -e, izpustite -e in dodajte -ing.* "live - living" "make - making" "give - giving" *Pri glagolih, ki se končujejo na dolgi -e, dodajte -ing kot običajno* "see - seeing" "be - being" "agree - agreeing" *Če se glagol konča na -ie, spremenite ie v y in nato dodajte -ing.* "die - dying" "lie - lying"

to agree

strinjati se

We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.

to hide

skriti

He tried to hide his profile.

Where were you hiding?

Kje si se skrival?

After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?

He was lying.

Lagal je.

He was lying about his age to get into the club.

to die

umreti

The main character will die at the end.

My phone battery was dying during the trip.

Med potjo se mi je praznila baterija telefona.

to make excuses

izgovarjati se

He is making excuses again.

We were making no excuses.

Nismo se izgovarjali.

After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.

We were living without the internet for two weeks.

Dva tedna sva živela brez interneta.

I was just being polite.

Bil sem samo vljuden.

I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.

homeless people

brezdomci

We were giving food to the homeless people.

Brezdomcem smo dajali hrano.

*Kdaj podvojimo zadnjo črko?* Če je glagol *enozložni* in *se konča s CVC* (soglasnik + samoglasnik + soglasnik), *podvojimo končni soglasnik*, preden dodamo končnico -ing."run - running" "plan - planning" Končni soglasnik podvojimo tudi, *če je poudarjen zadnji zlog.*"begin - beginning" "forget - forgetting" Vendar *ne podvojimo* soglasnika *za glagole, ki se končajo z w, x ali y.*"stay - staying" "show - showing" "wax - waxing"

to forget

pozabiti

I keep forgetting to drink water!

I keep forgetting

Ves čas pozabljam

I keep forgetting to take my medication.

to begin

začeti

It was beginning to snow.

It was beginning to rain.

Začelo je deževati.

It was beginning to rain when we got home.

to show the way

pokazati pot

I can show you the way.

She was showing him the way.

Kazala mu je pot.

I was shopping.

Bil sem po nakupih.

My parents arrived while I was shopping.

to stay up

ostati pokonci

I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.

She was planning her holiday to Italy.

Načrtovala je svoje počitnice v Italiji.

We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.

Bivali smo v majhnem hotelu blizu plaže.

We were planning on telling you.

Nameravali smo ti povedati.

When were you planning on telling me?

The team was playing well.

Ekipa je igrala dobro.

The team was playing well until the second half.

to stick to something

držati se česa

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

*Pretekli neprekinjeni in pretekli enostavni čas* Pretekli čas se lahko uporablja tudi za opis nečesa, kar *se je v preteklosti neprekinjeno dogajalo*, ko *ga je prekinilo*drugo dejanje. "I was making dinner when she arrived." *Opazujte:* Vsak glagol ne opisuje neprekinjenega dejanja! Nekaterih glagolov *ne moremo uporabiti v pretekli časovni obliki.* Pogost primer je glagol "to arrive". Napačno: "At noon, he was arriving." Pravilno: "At noon, he arrived."

I was reading when he knocked.

Brala sem, ko je potrkal.

She was cooking when I came home.

Ko sem prišel domov, je kuhala.

to get home

priti domov

What time did you get home last night?

When I got home, they were eating.

Ko sem prišel domov, so že jedli.

When we arrived, you were sleeping.

Ko sva prispela, si spal.

after I left

potem ko sem odšel

After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.

What were you doing after I left?

Kaj si počel, ko sem odšel?

Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.

Ko je glasba prenehala igrati, nihče ni plesal.

*Pretekli čas + frazni glagoli* Združimo pretekli čas z nekaterimi fraznimi glagoli, ki smo se jih pravkar naučili!

I was setting up the meeting.

Pripravljal sem sestanek.

I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.

She was breaking up with her boyfriend.

Razhajala se je s svojim fantom.

When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.

He was looking it up.

Iskal je to.

She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.

Things were working out.

Vse je šlo po načrtih.

After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.

We were already giving up.

Že sva obupovala.

When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.

She was getting over the flu when I visited her.

Ko sem jo obiskal, je okrevala po gripi.

I was working out when they called me.

Ravno sem telovadil, ko so me poklicali.

*Glagoli, ki jih ne morete uporabiti v pretekliku* Obstaja določena vrsta glagolov, ki jih ne moremo uporabiti v nobenem trajnem času, vključno s preteklim časom. To so tako imenovani *stativni glagoli.* Ker so stativni glagoli po svoji naravi zvezni, se sliši čudno, če jih damo v zvezni čas. Namesto tega jih lahko uporabite *v enostavnem pretekliku*. Stativni glagoli so na primer: "love", "like", "believe", "seem", "need", "want", itd.

It seemed easy.

Zdelo se je lahko.

It seemed easy at first.

We loved the movie!

Film nama je bil zelo všeč!

We loved the new movie from Tarantino!

He wanted to go.

Hotel je iti.

He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.

I need to go home.

Moram iti domov.

After a long day, I need to go home and relax.

to realize

zavedati se

He realized his mistake at once.

I realized later.

Kasneje sem spoznal.

I realized later that he was lying to me.

She believes everything I say.

Verjame vsemu, kar rečem.

We understood your question.

Razumeli smo vaše vprašanje.

We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.

*Želje in hipoteze* Pretekli kontinuirani čas lahko uporabimo tudi *za sklicevanje na sedanjost ali prihodnost v hipotezah* (ko si nekaj predstavljamo) ali v nekaterih vljudnih izrazih."These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class." "If Jack was playing, they would probably win." "Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."