Past continuous + Phrasal verbsManeno ya Kiingereza

by DuoCards

*Common phrasal verbs* Tuanze na baadhi ya vitenzi vya kawaida vya maneno ambavyo ni muhimu katika Kiingereza cha kila siku!

to go on

endelea

The party went on until 3am.

to give up

kukata tamaa

She didn't give up on her dreams.

to put off

kuahirisha

He had to put off the meeting because he was very busy.

to work out

kufanya mazoezi

I go to the gym every day to work out and stay healthy.

to find out

kujua

We are trying to find out what the problem is.

to get over

kushinda

I got over it quickly.

to break up

kuachana

She wants to break up with me.

to look something up

kutafuta kitu

You should look it up on the Internet.

to ask somebody out

kumwalika mtu kwenye tarehe

He asked me out.

She was too shy to ask him out.

Alikuwa na haya sana kumwalika kutoka.

to call off

ghairi

Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancée.

I called off the meeting.

Nimeghairi mkutano.

to get away with something

kunusurika na jambo fulani

She always gets away with being late to class.

to sort something out

kushughulikia jambo

I need to sort this problem out before the meeting.

*Wakati uliopita unaoendelea* Tunatumia *wakati Uliopita wa Wakati Uliopita* kurejelea *kitendo au hali inayoendelea ambayo ilikuwa ikitokea wakati fulani huko nyuma* . Wakati huu huundwa kwa kuchanganya wakati uliopita wa "to be (was/were)"na kitenzi kishirikishi cha sasa *( "-ing"neno).* Mara nyingi hutumiwa kuelezea *hali zilizokuwepo zamani.* "The sun was shining every day that summer." "It was snowing yesterday." "They were eating at the restaurant."

effort

juhudi

She put a lot of effort into her homework.

to explore

kuchunguza

I want to explore the forest this weekend.

a possibility

uwezekano

She considered the possibility of moving to another city.

They were exploring different possibilities for their holiday.

Walikuwa wakichunguza uwezekano mbalimbali kwa ajili ya likizo yao.

holiday

likizo

She was exploring the possibility of taking a holiday in Spain.

I was reading a book yesterday evening.

Nilisoma kitabu jana jioni.

They were playing football in the park.

Walikuwa wakicheza mpira wa miguu uwanjani.

It was improving.

Ilikuwa ikizidi kuwa nzuri.

His condition was improving.

I was listening carefully.

Nilikuwa nikisikiliza kwa makini.

"Was"au "were"- *Nini cha kutumia?* Kumbuka kubadilisha kitenzi "to be"ili *kilingane na mada.* Tumia "was"na "I, he, she,"au "it", na utumie "were"na "you, we,"au "they." "She was working on an email when the fire alarm rang." "The team was playing well until the second half." Tumia "were"kwa masomo mengine yote, ikijumuisha masomo yote ya wingi. "Were"pia hutumiwa na "you". "The days were getting shorter as winter approached."

The days were getting longer.

Siku zilikuwa zikirefuka.

The days were getting longer as summer approached.

They were traveling a lot.

Walikuwa wakisafiri sana.

They were traveling a lot last summer.

My mother was cooking.

Mama yangu alikuwa akipika.

My mother was cooking the dinner when we arrived.

We were dancing all night.

Tulicheza dansi usiku kucha.

Was it raining?

Je, ilikuwa ikinyesha?

Was it raining the whole day?

He was studying last night.

Alikuwa akisoma jana usiku.

They were sleeping.

Walikuwa wamelala

While they were sleeping, the cat jumped on the bed.

*Maswali endelevu yaliyopita* 1. Maswali yanayoweza kujibiwa na *ndiyo* au *hapana* huundwa kwa kugeuza kiima na umbo sahihi wa kitenzi *kuwa ( "was/were").* "Was he studying all night again?" 2. Wh- maswali hayawezi kujibiwa na ndiyo au hapana. "Where was he going?"

to snore

kuhoroma

He snores loudly.

Was she improving?

Je, alikuwa akipata nafuu?

to overcome

kushinda

He had to overcome many obstacles to achieve his dreams.

Were you studying all night?

Je, ulikuwa ukisoma usiku kucha?

Were we talking too loud?

Je, tulikuwa tukiongea kwa sauti kubwa sana?

to measure

kupima

We want to measure your blood pressure.

What was he measuring?

Alikuwa anapima nini?

Where were you going?

Ulikuwa unaenda wapi?

Where were you going last night?

What was he doing?

Alikuwa akifanya nini?

to run late

kuchelewa

He was running late again.

Why were the buses running late?

Kwa nini mabasi yale yalichelewa?

*Fomu ya kuendelea hasi* Kufanya kauli chanya *hasi* , ongeza "not"kabla ya *kitenzi +"-ing"* . "You were not doing your homework." Unaweza pia kutumia *contraction (haikuwa / haikuwa).* "You weren't doing your homework."

He wasn't planning it.

Hakuwa akipanga hivyo.

She was surprised because he wasn't planning it at all.

I wasn't running late.

Sikuchelewa.

I wasn't running late for the movie, I arrived just as the previews were starting.

They weren't studying all night.

Hawakuwa wakisoma usiku kucha.

She wasn't snoring.

Hakukoroma.

Last night she wasn't snoring.

My mother wasn't cooking.

Mama yangu hakuwa akipika.

The children weren't sleeping during the drive home.

Watoto hawakulala wakati wa safari ya kurejea nyumbani.

to tell the truth

kusema ukweli

My boyfriend was not telling me the truth.

Mpenzi wangu alikuwa haoniambii ukweli.

You were not doing your homework.

Hukufanya kazi zako za nyumbani.

*Mabadiliko ya tahajia* Kuwa mwangalifu kwani pia kuna baadhi ya *mabadiliko ya tahajia* unapounda *umbo la -ing* la vitenzi. *Kwa vitenzi vinavyoishia na moja -e, dondosha -e na ongeza -ing.* "live - living" "make - making" "give - giving" *Na vitenzi vinavyoishia na sauti ndefu -e, ongeza -ing kama kawaida* "see - seeing" "be - being" "agree - agreeing" *Ikiwa kitenzi kitaishia kwa -yaani badilisha yaani hadi y na kisha ongeza -ing.* "die - dying" "lie - lying"

to agree

kukubaliana

We all agreed to meet up at 8:00.

to hide

ficha

He tried to hide his profile.

Where were you hiding?

Ulikuwa umejificha wapi?

After searching the whole house, I finally found my brother and asked, "Where were you hiding?

He was lying.

Alikuwa anadanganya.

He was lying about his age to get into the club.

to die

kufa

The main character will die at the end.

My phone battery was dying during the trip.

Betri ya simu yangu ilikuwa ikiisha wakati wa safari.

to make excuses

kutoa visingizio

He is making excuses again.

We were making no excuses.

Hatukutoa visingizio vyovyote.

After the game, we were making no excuses for our loss; we simply needed to play better.

We were living without the internet for two weeks.

Tuliishi bila intaneti kwa wiki mbili.

I was just being polite.

Nilikuwa nimekuwa mwenye adabu tu.

I didn't really want to go to the party, but I was just being polite.

homeless people

watu wasio na makazi

We were giving food to the homeless people.

Tulikuwa tukigawa chakula kwa watu wasio na makazi.

*Wakati wa kuongeza barua ya mwisho mara mbili?* Ikiwa kitenzi kina *silabi moja* na *kuishia na CVC* (konsonanti + vokali + konsonanti), tunaongeza *konsonanti ya mwisho mara mbili* kabla ya kuongeza mwisho wa -ing. "run - running" "plan - planning" Pia tunarudia konsonanti ya mwisho mara mbili *ikiwa silabi ya mwisho imesisitizwa.* "begin - beginning" "forget - forgetting" Hata hivyo, *usiongeze* konsonanti *kwa vitenzi vinavyoishia kwa w, x au y.* "stay - staying" "show - showing" "wax - waxing"

to forget

kusahau

I keep forgetting to drink water!

I keep forgetting

Ninasahau kila mara

I keep forgetting to take my medication.

to begin

anza

It was beginning to snow.

It was beginning to rain.

Ilianza kunyesha.

It was beginning to rain when we got home.

to show the way

kuonyesha njia

I can show you the way.

She was showing him the way.

Alikuwa akimwonyesha njia.

I was shopping.

Nilikuwa nikienda kufanya manunuzi.

My parents arrived while I was shopping.

to stay up

kukaa macho

I decided to stay up late to finish my homework.

She was planning her holiday to Italy.

Alikuwa akipanga likizo yake ya kwenda Italia.

We were staying at a small hotel near the beach.

Tulikuwa tukikaa katika hoteli ndogo karibu na ufuo.

We were planning on telling you.

Tulikuwa tunapanga kukuambia.

When were you planning on telling me?

The team was playing well.

Timu ilikuwa ikicheza vizuri.

The team was playing well until the second half.

to stick to something

kushikilia jambo fulani

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

*Zamani kuendelea na Zamani rahisi* Wakati uliopita unaoendelea pia unaweza kutumiwa kuelezea jambo *lililokuwa likifanyika mfululizo hapo awali* wakati kitendo kingine *kilipokikatiza.* "I was making dinner when she arrived." *Kumbuka:* Si kila kitenzi kinaelezea kitendo chenye kuendelea! Vitenzi fulani *haviwezi kutumika katika wakati uliopita wenye kuendelea.* Mfano mmoja wa kawaida ni kitenzi "to arrive". Si sahihi: "At noon, he was arriving." Sahihi "At noon, he arrived.":

I was reading when he knocked.

Nilikuwa ninasoma alipobisha hodi.

She was cooking when I came home.

Alikuwa akipika nilipofika nyumbani.

to get home

kufika nyumbani

What time did you get home last night?

When I got home, they were eating.

Nilipofika nyumbani, walikuwa wakila.

When we arrived, you were sleeping.

Ulipokuwa umelala tulipowasili

after I left

baada ya mimi kuondoka

After I left, everyone at the party was still having fun.

What were you doing after I left?

Ulikuwa ukifanya nini nilipoondoka?

Nobody was dancing when the music stopped.

Hakuna aliyekuwa akicheza muziki uliposimama.

*Vitenzi vya kuendelea + Vitenzi vya kishazi* Hebu tuunganishe wakati uliopita wenye kuendelea na baadhi ya vitenzi vya kishazi ambavyo tumejifunza hivi punde!

I was setting up the meeting.

Nilikuwa nikiandaa mkutano huo.

I was setting up the meeting when I saw him.

She was breaking up with her boyfriend.

Alikuwa akiachana na mpenzi wake.

When I saw her, she was breaking up with her boyfriend.

He was looking it up.

Alikuwa akitafuta maelezo hayo.

She was looking it up on her phone during the meeting.

Things were working out.

Mambo yalikuwa yakienda sawa.

After a few weeks of hard work, things were working out for the team.

We were already giving up.

Tulikuwa tumeshakata tamaa.

When the rain started, we were already giving up on our picnic plans.

She was getting over the flu when I visited her.

Alikuwa akipona mafua nilipomtembelea.

I was working out when they called me.

Nilikuwa nafanya mazoezi waliponipigia simu.

*Vitenzi ambavyo huwezi kutumia katika wakati uliopita wenye kuendelea* Kuna aina fulani ya kitenzi ambacho hakiwezi kutumika katika wakati wowote wa kuendelea, ikiwa ni pamoja na wakati uliopita. Hivi huitwa *vitenzi stative.* Kwa sababu vitenzi vya hali ni vya kuendelea, inasikika kuwa isiyo ya kawaida kuviweka katika hali ya kuendelea. Unaweza kuzitumia *katika siku za nyuma rahisi* badala yake. Vitenzi vya hali ni kwa mfano: "love", "like", "believe""seem", "need", "want", nk.

It seemed easy.

Ilionekana kuwa rahisi.

It seemed easy at first.

We loved the movie!

Tulipenda sana filamu hiyo!

We loved the new movie from Tarantino!

He wanted to go.

Alitaka kwenda.

He wanted to go to the party but he couldn't.

I need to go home.

Lazima niende nyumbani.

After a long day, I need to go home and relax.

to realize

kutambua

He realized his mistake at once.

I realized later.

Niligundua baadaye.

I realized later that he was lying to me.

She believes everything I say.

Anaamini kila kitu ninachokisema.

We understood your question.

Tumeielewa swali lako.

We understood your question but we didn't know the answer.

*Matakwa na hypotheses* Tunaweza pia kutumia wakati uliopita kuendelea *kurejelea sasa au siku zijazo katika dhahania* (tunapowazia jambo fulani), au kwa maneno machache ya heshima. "These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we were traveling first class." "If Jack was playing, they would probably win." "Excuse me, I was wondering if this was the train for New York."