谈论过去英语单词

by DuoCards

*一般过去时* 让我们从*一般过去时*开始。我们用它来谈论*在现在之前的时间段内发生的已完成动作。* 我们区分规则动词和不规则动词，后面我们会详细讲解。 *一般过去时的规则动词：在大多数动词后加上"-ed"：* "to talk" - "talked" "to finish" - "finished" "to listen" - "listened" "to relax" - "relaxed" "to knock" - "knocked" "to walk" - "walked"

I finished the school project.

我完成了学校的项目。

to listen

听

We listened to some music.

he relaxed

他休息了

He relaxed during his vacation.

He listened to my advice and relaxed.

他听从了我的建议，放松了下来。

We talked about our favorite movies.

我们聊了聊各自最喜欢的电影。

to knock

敲门

Who knocked at the door?

he knocked

他敲了门

He knocked at the door.

to walk in

走进

She walked in.

He walked in.

他走了进来。

He knocked on the door and walked in.

他敲了敲门，然后走了进去。

将最后一个字母加倍如果一个*短动词*以*辅音-元音-辅音*结尾，则将最后一个字母加倍，然后加上-ed。 "to stop" - "stopped" "to shop" - "shopped" 然而，如果动词以*w, x*或*y*结尾，则不要加倍最后一个字母。 "to play" - "played" "to show" - "showed"

to stop

停止

The bus driver stopped suddenly.

we stopped

我们停下来了

We stopped playing soccer when it started to rain.

in the middle

在中间

She placed the vase in the middle of the table.

the desert

沙漠

The desert is very dry and salty.

We stopped in the middle of the desert.

我们在沙漠中央停了下来。

to play

玩耍

The violinist played beautifully.

She played guitar.

她弹过吉他。

She played guitar at the concert.

to shop

购物

They shopped a lot.

to show

展示

He showed me the way.

*较长的单词* 在较长的单词中，如果动词的最后一个音节以辅音-元音-辅音结尾，并且该音节是重音，则将最后一个辅音加倍，然后加上 ed。 "to prefer" -"preferred" "to travel" -"traveled" （美式英语）或"travelled" （英式英语）但是，如果*第一个音节是重音*，则不要将最后一个字母加倍。 "to enter" -"entered"

They entered.

他们进来了。

They entered the house.

to prefer

优先考虑

I prefer alternative medicine.

to travel

旅游

We traveled a lot as children.

alone

独自一人

He was alone that evening.

I traveled alone.

我一个人旅行。

I traveled to the USA alone.

preferred option

首选方案

Travelling by train would always be my preferred option.

last summer

去年夏天

We met last summer.

He traveled by boat last summer.

去年夏天，他是乘船旅行的。

*结局的变化* 如果动词以 e 结尾，只需加上*-d。* "to create" -"created" "to live" -"lived" 如果动词以辅音 + y 结尾，则*将 y 改为 i 并加上 -ed。* "to try" -"tried" "to worry" -"worried" "to carry" - 如果动词以辅音 + y 结尾，则将 y 改为 i 并加上 -ed。"carried"

to create

创建

He created an environment in which students can learn.

he created

他创造了

He created his own website.

The company created a new app for learning languages.

这家公司开发了一款新的语言学习应用。

to live

生活

We lived abroad for six years.

We lived together.

我们以前住在一起。

We lived together for many years.

to worry

担心

She is worried about her interview, even though she did fine.

she worried

她很担心

My mum worried about me last week because I was ill.

to carry

携带

Let me carry your bags for you.

I carried the bag.

我提着那个包。

*一般过去时的表达方式* 有一些表达方式与一般过去时有关： "yesterday" "last week/month/year/..." "ago" 表示时间上的距离，总是站在时间上的确定之后。比如：。"one month ago" "two weeks ago" "a long time ago" "the other day"

I cooked a vegan meal last weekend.

上周末我做了一顿纯素餐。

last weekend

上周末

I went hiking with my friends last weekend.

I studied a lot last night.

我昨晚学了很久。

I played

我玩了

l played tennis alone.

I played a difficult game yesterday.

我昨天玩了一个很难的游戏。

to borrow

借

Can I borrow your car?

two years ago

两年前

We moved in two years ago.

He borrowed money from his parents two years ago.

他在两年前向父母借了钱。

to try

尝试

She tried to contact her father.

to call

打电话

I called you ten times!

I tried to call him three hours ago.

我三个小时前试着给他打过电话。

*以 -d 结尾的动词* 有些动词以-d 结尾，可将*-d*改为*-t*。 "to build" -"built" "to send" -"sent" "to bend" -"bent" "to spend" -"spent" 比如："We built this house a long time ago."

to build

建造

Who built this house?

We built a house.

我们盖了一座房子。

to send

发送

I sent an email.

I sent you a message.

我给你发了条消息。

to bend

弯曲

The tree branches bend in the wind.

to bend over

弯腰

I bent over and picked up the coin.

The tree bent in the strong wind.

大树在强风中被吹弯了。

to spend

花费

She spent a lot of money.

I spent all night studying.

我熬通宵学习了。

We spent a lot of money.

我们花了很多钱。

We spent a lot of money on the holidays.

不规则动词有*三个特定形式*需要记忆。虽然大多数英语规则动词在过去时和过去分词形式中使用*-ed*结尾，但不规则动词*各自有其独特的时态形式和过去分词。* 这三种形式是： 1. *原形*（字典中找到的动词） 2. *过去简单形式*（您在本课程中学习的） 3. *过去分词形式*（我们稍后将学习如何使用）同时学习这三种形式是重要且更容易的。让我们从最重要的开始： "to be" - "was/were" - "been" "to go" - "went" - "gone"

to be

是

He was sad yesterday. We were happy yesterday.

I was there.

我当时在那儿。

I was at the party yesterday.

scared

害怕的

She was scared to walk alone in the dark.

He was scared.

他被吓坏了。

He was scared when he heard the loud noise.

a feeling

一种感觉

I have a feeling that today will be a great day.

He was scared of his feelings.

他害怕自己的感情。

to go

走

We went to the cinema last night.

he went

他走了

He went for a walk.

last Monday

上周一

Last Monday we had an exam.

He went to Prague last Monday.

他上周一去了布拉格。

*更多不规则动词* 现在我们来看看其他不规则动词的过去式。 "to have" -"had" -"had" "to eat" -"ate" -"eaten" "to come" -"came" -"come" "to think" -"thought" -"thought" "to give" -"gave" -"given" "to forget" -"forgot" -"forgotten"

to have

有

I had no idea.

we had

我们曾有过

We had a great time last weekend.

We had a great time.

我们玩得很开心。

to eat

吃

I ate a while ago.

She ate an apple for breakfast.

她早餐吃了一个苹果。

to come

来

I came home very late last night.

to think

思考

I never thought I could do it.

I thought so.

我就知道。

I thought of you today.

我今天想起你了。

I thought of you today during my lunch break and smiled.

to give

给

She gave him a book for his birthday.

The teacher gave us homework yesterday.

老师昨天给我们布置了作业。

to forget

忘记

She forgot about it.

I forgot my keys.

我忘了带钥匙。

to make

做

I made it myself.

I made a mistake.

我犯了个错误。

We made it to the end!

我们坚持到了最后！

*过去式 - 问题* 在句子的开头加上助动词"did" （"do" 的过去式），就可以用过去式构成疑问句。这个助动词接管了所有语法功能，所以语义动词已经是现在时了。 "did" + 主语 + 动词（不定式，不含"TO" ） + 句子其余部分*。 "Did you like the concert?" 我们再来看看更多的不规则动词： "to know" -"knew" -"known" "to pay" -"paid" -"paid" "to sleep" -"slept" -"slept" "to keep" -"kept" -"kept" "to mean" -"meant" -"meant"

Did you know that?

你知道吗？

Did you know that the Eiffel Tower can be 15 cm taller in the summer?

I knew it.

我就知道。

I knew it was true.

to pay

支付

Did you pay the bills last month?

He paid for me.

他帮我付了钱。

He paid for me at the restaurant.

to sleep

睡觉

Did you sleep well?

He slept for ten hours last night.

他昨晚睡了十个小时。

Did he study?

他学习了吗？

Did he study before the exam?

to keep

保持

Did you keep my secret?

Did she go there?

她去那儿了吗？

to mean

意味着

Did they mean it?

I meant it.

我是认真的。

When I complimented your work, I meant it.

当我们想要在过去时表达否定时，我们在主语后使用短语"did not"，而语义动词（表示动作或事件的动词）保持其基本形式。 *主语 + "did not" + 动词（不定式） + 句子其余部分* "He did not do it." "We did not go there." *注意，"didn't" 是 "did not" 的缩写形式。* 让我们看看更多不规则动词： "to feel" - "felt" - "felt" "to tell" - "told" - "told" "to wear" - "wore" - "worn"

I did not work yesterday.

我昨天没上班。

He didn't do it.

他没做那件事。

He didn't do his homework.

We did not go there.

我们没去那里。

to feel

感觉

I feel tired after the long day.

I did not feel it.

我没感觉到。

I did not feel pain.

to tell

说

I told her you were coming.

She didn't tell me.

她没告诉我。

She didn't tell me the truth.

the truth

真相

You should tell the truth.

to wear

穿戴

I didn't wear a school uniform.

I did not sleep well.

我没睡好。

*同一表格* 有时，过去式的形式与不定式的形式相同。让我们来看看这些动词，以免混淆！ "to let" -"let" -"let" "to set" -"set" -"set" "to put" -"put" -"put" "to cut" -"cut" -"cut" "to cost" -"cost" -"cost" 请注意，这些动词根据不同的使用方法会有不同的含义。我们将学习其中的一些。

to let

让

She let her friend use her phone.

Let it be.

随它去吧

She was upset about the argument, but I told her to let it be.

He let his dog sleep on the bed.

他让他的狗睡在床上。

to set

放置

He set the ladder against the wall.

to set the table

摆放餐具

Can you help me set the table for dinner?

to set an example

以身作则

The teacher always tries to set an example for her students.

She set the table for dinner.

她摆好了晚餐的餐具。

to put

放置

He put his arms around her and held her tight.

I put the milk back in the fridge.

我把牛奶放回冰箱了。

to cut

切

I cut myself while shaving.

I cut my hair yesterday.

我昨天剪头发了。

Cut it out!

够了，住手！

to cost

花费

This book costs ten dollars.

I bought a new phone, and it cost a lot of money.

我买了一部新手机，花了不少钱。

*让我们结束本课程吧！* 让我们用一些更*常用的不规则动词*来结束本课程，帮助你扩大词汇量。 "to choose" -"chose" -"chosen" "to write" -"wrote" -"written" "to take" -"took" -"taken" "to see" -"saw" -"seen" "to buy" -"bought" -"bought"